18,827 research outputs found
Detecting highly overlapping community structure by greedy clique expansion
In complex networks it is common for each node to belong to several
communities, implying a highly overlapping community structure. Recent advances
in benchmarking indicate that existing community assignment algorithms that are
capable of detecting overlapping communities perform well only when the extent
of community overlap is kept to modest levels. To overcome this limitation, we
introduce a new community assignment algorithm called Greedy Clique Expansion
(GCE). The algorithm identifies distinct cliques as seeds and expands these
seeds by greedily optimizing a local fitness function. We perform extensive
benchmarks on synthetic data to demonstrate that GCE's good performance is
robust across diverse graph topologies. Significantly, GCE is the only
algorithm to perform well on these synthetic graphs, in which every node
belongs to multiple communities. Furthermore, when put to the task of
identifying functional modules in protein interaction data, and college dorm
assignments in Facebook friendship data, we find that GCE performs
competitively.Comment: 10 pages, 7 Figures. Implementation source and binaries available at
http://sites.google.com/site/greedycliqueexpansion
Teaching Indigenous children : listening to and learning from indigenous teachers
This article is based on the findings of a qualitative case study that examined the professional experiences and career pathways of fifty current and former Australian Indigenous teachers. Here, we draw on data obtained from semi-structured interviews with the teachers to highlight their knowledge in three key areas: ‘Indigenous ways of knowing’, ‘Indigenous learners’ lives beyond the classroom’ and ‘Building relationships with Indigenous students and communities’. We suggest that Indigenous teachers can potentially play important roles as teacher educators and as mentors to non-Indigenous teachers and preservice teachers. We argue that it is important for schooling systems and teacher education to create and formalise opportunities for non-Indigenous teachers and preservice teachers to listen to, and learn from their Indigenous colleagues
Modeling effects of nonbreeders on population growth estimates
Acknowledgements We thank the Beissinger lab and reviewers for helpful comments on manuscript drafts. This research was funded by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (project NON- BREEDERS). The contents of this paper reflect the views of the researchers, not the views of the European Commission. Data Accessibility R-code available from the Dryad Digital Repository: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.t56cn (Lee, Reid & Beissinger, 2016).Peer reviewedPostprin
Short-Term H-alpha Variability in M Dwarfs
We spectroscopically study the variability of H-alpha emission in mid- to
late-M dwarfs on timescales of ~0.1-1 hr as a proxy for magnetic variability.
About 80% of our sample exhibits statistically significant variability on the
full range of timescales probed by the observations, and with amplitude ratios
in the range of ~1.2-4. No events with an order of magnitude increase in
H-alpha luminosity were detected, indicating that their rate is < 0.05 /hr (95%
confidence level). We find a clear increase in variability with later spectral
type, despite an overall decrease in H-alpha "activity" (i.e.,
L_{H-alpha}/L_{bol}). For the ensemble of H-alpha variability events, we find a
nearly order of magnitude increase in the number of events from timescales of
about 10 to 30 min, followed by a roughly uniform distribution at longer
durations. The event amplitudes follow an exponential distribution with a
characteristic scale of Max(EW)/Min(EW)}-1 ~ 0.7. This distribution predicts a
low rate of ~ 10^{-6} /hr for events with (Max(EW)/Min(EW) > 10, but
serendipitous detections of such events in the past suggests that they
represent a different distribution. Finally, we find a possible decline in the
amplitude of events with durations of > 0.5 hr, which may point to a typical
energy release in H-alpha events for each spectral type (E_{H-alpha} ~
L_{H-alpha} x t ~ const). Longer observations of individual active objects are
required to further investigate this possibility. Similarly, a larger sample
may shed light on whether H-alpha variability correlates with properties such
as age or rotation velocity.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
Seeding for pervasively overlapping communities
In some social and biological networks, the majority of nodes belong to
multiple communities. It has recently been shown that a number of the
algorithms that are designed to detect overlapping communities do not perform
well in such highly overlapping settings. Here, we consider one class of these
algorithms, those which optimize a local fitness measure, typically by using a
greedy heuristic to expand a seed into a community. We perform synthetic
benchmarks which indicate that an appropriate seeding strategy becomes
increasingly important as the extent of community overlap increases. We find
that distinct cliques provide the best seeds. We find further support for this
seeding strategy with benchmarks on a Facebook network and the yeast
interactome.Comment: 8 Page
Sending Love Through A Barrel: Investigating the Immigrants’ Experience, From Belonging To Assimilation
This studio-based thesis explores the experiences of a black immigrant woman as they migrate from the Caribbean to the United States of America. An exploration through artmaking addresses the impact of these experiences on a social, economic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal relationship level. This thesis examines how the implications of these experiences affect a teaching artist’s life using them as inspirations and motivations while also discussing their impact. Not only is it impactful to a visual arts educator with these specific experiences explored as they navigate teaching, but especially also in teaching to a specific immigrant/refugee demographic of students
ALMA observations of the outflow from the Source I in the Orion-KL region
In this {\it Letter}, we present sensitive millimeter SiO (J=5-4; =0)
line observations of the outflow arising from the enigmatic object Orion Source
I made with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). The
observations reveal that at scales of a few thousand AU, the outflow has a
marked "butterfly" morphology along a northeast-southwest axis. However,
contrary to what is found in the SiO and HO maser observations at scales of
tens of AU, the blueshifted radial velocities of the moving gas are found to
the northwest, while the redshifted velocities are in the southeast. The ALMA
observations are complemented with SiO (J=8-7; =0) maps (with a similar
spatial resolution) obtained with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). These
observations also show a similar morphology and velocity structure in this
outflow. We discuss some possibilities to explain these differences at small
and large scales across the flow.Comment: Accepted to ApJ
Experimentally realizable characterizations of continuous variable Gaussian states
Measures of entanglement, fidelity and purity are basic yardsticks in quantum
information processing. We propose how to implement these measures using linear
devices and homodyne detectors for continuous variable Gaussian states. In
particular, the test of entanglement becomes simple with some prior knowledge
which is relevant to current experiments.Comment: 4 pages, This paper supersedes quant-ph/020315
Full Three Dimensional Orbits For Multiple Stars on Close Approaches to the Central Supermassive Black Hole
With the advent of adaptive optics on the W. M. Keck 10 m telescope, two
significant steps forward have been taken in building the case for a
supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way and understanding the
black hole's effect on its environment. Using adaptive optics and speckle
imaging to study the motions of stars in the plane of sky with +-~2 mas
precision over the past 7 years, we have obtained the first simultaneous
orbital solution for multiple stars. Among the included stars, three are newly
identified (S0-16, S0-19, S0-20). The most dramatic orbit is that of the newly
identified star S0-16, which passed a mere 60 AU from the central dark mass at
a velocity of 9,000 km/s in 1999. The orbital analysis results in a new central
dark mass estimate of 3.6(+-0.4)x10^6(D/8kpc)^3 Mo. This dramatically
strengthens the case for a black hole at the center of our Galaxy, by confining
the dark matter to within a radius of 0.0003 pc or 1,000 Rsh and thereby
increasing the inferred dark mass density by four orders of magnitude compared
to earlier estimates.
With the introduction of an adaptive-optics-fed spectrometer, we have
obtained the spectra of these high-velocity stars, which suggest that they are
massive (~15 Mo), young (<10 Myr) main sequence stars. This presents a major
challenge to star formation theories, given the strong tidal forces that
prevail over all distances reached by these stars in their current orbits and
the difficulty in migrating these stars inward during their lifetime from
further out where tidal forces should no longer preclude star formation.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures (abridged abstract
Accelerating U.S. Clean Energy Deployment: Investor Policy Priorities
International investment to mitigate climate change is far below levels needed to reach the two-degree target. The International Energy Agency estimates that an average of an additional 24 trillion in assets issued the Global Investor Statement on Climate Change, calling on governments to create an ambitious global agreement that includes a meaningful price on carbon -- the "Clean Trillion."This paper connects the Clean Trillion goal to the current United States climate and clean energy policy framework, which is a mixture of federal, state, and local initiatives. The paper outlines the 2015 U.S. policy priorities of the Policy Working Group of the Investor Network on Climate Risk (INCR), a network of more than 110 institutional investors primarily based in the U.S., focused on investment risks and opportunities associated with climate change
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