Camu-Camu Reduces Obesity and Improves Diabetic Profiles of Obese and Diabetic Mice : A Dose-Ranging Study

Overweight, obesity, and their comorbidities are currently considered a major public health concern. Today considerable efforts are still needed to develop efficient strategies able to attenuate the burden of these diseases. Nutritional interventions, some with plant extracts, present promising health benefits. In this study, we evaluated the action of Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia), an Amazonian fruit rich in polyphenols and vitamin C, on the prevention of obesity and associated disorders in mice and the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in both cecum and feces. Methods: We investigated the dose-response effects of Camu-Camu extract (CCE) in the context of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. After 5 weeks of supplementation, we demonstrated that the two doses of CCE differently improved glucose and lipid homeostasis. The lowest CCE dose (62.5 mg/kg) preferentially decreased non-HDL cholesterol and free fatty acids (FFA) and increased the abundance of A. muciniphila without affecting liver metabolism, while only the highest dose of CCE (200 mg/kg) prevented excessive body weight gain, fat mass gain, and hepatic steatosis. Both doses decreased fasting hyperglycemia induced by HFD. In conclusion, the use of plant extracts, and particularly CCE, may represent an additional option in the support of weight management strategies and glucose homeostasis alteration by mechanisms likely independent from the modulation of A. muciniphila abundance.Peer reviewe

Validation of the Brief Evaluation of Receptive Aphasia (BERA) tool in post-comatose patients: Preliminary data

peer reviewe

Preliminary data on the validation of the Brief Evaluation of Receptive Aphasia (BERA) tool in post-comatose patients

peer reviewe

Constraining regional and global ocean carbon fluxes 1985 to 2018 in RECCAP2

EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24–28 April 2023.-- This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 LicenseKeeping global warming in line with the Paris Agreement requires rapid reductions in CO2 emissions. Tracking these reductions demands a thorough bookkeeping of natural and anthropogenic carbon fluxes. The second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes (RECCAP2) activity of the Global Carbon Project aims to accurately assess land and ocean CO2 sources and sinks through the efforts of hundreds of scientists around the globe. For the ocean component, regional budgets are developed for the global ocean and five large regions for the period 1980-2018. In addition, four ‘special focus’ themes, namely the biological carbon pump, the seasonal cycle, the coastal ocean and model evaluation are addressed. We use state-of-the-art ocean models and observation-based datasets to provide robust estimates of regional CO2 budgets and constrain their uncertainties. Here, we will provide an overview of RECCAP2 activities, and showcase key results focusing on mean ocean carbon fluxes, and their trends and variabilityN

Constraining regional and global ocean carbon fluxes in RECCAP2

WMO International Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Symposium, 30 Jan - 01 Feb 2023, GenevaN

Dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity fluxes from coastal marine sediments: model estimates for different shelf environments and sensitivity to global change

We present a one-dimensional reactive transport model to estimate benthic fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity (<i>A</i><sub>T</sub>) from coastal marine sediments. The model incorporates the transport processes of sediment accumulation, molecular diffusion, bioturbation and bioirrigation, while the reactions included are the redox pathways of organic carbon oxidation, re-oxidation of reduced nitrogen, iron and sulfur compounds, pore water acid-base equilibria, and dissolution of particulate inorganic carbon (calcite, aragonite, and Mg-calcite). The coastal zone is divided into four environmental units with different particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes: reefs, banks and bays, carbonate shelves and non-carbonate shelves. Model results are analyzed separately for each environment and then scaled up to the whole coastal ocean. The model-derived estimate for the present-day global coastal benthic DIC efflux is 126 Tmol yr<sup>−1</sup>, based on a global coastal reactive POC depositional flux of 117 Tmol yr<sup>−1</sup>. The POC decomposition leads to a carbonate dissolution from shallow marine sediments of 7 Tmol yr<sup>−1</sup> (on the order of 0.1 Pg C yr<sup>−1</sup>. Assuming complete re-oxidation of aqueous sulfide released from sediments, the effective net flux of alkalinity to the water column is 29 Teq. yr<sup>−1</sup>, primarily from PIC dissolution (46%) and ammonification (33%). Because our POC depositional flux falls in the high range of global values given in the literature, the reported DIC and alkalinity fluxes should be viewed as upper-bound estimates. Increasing coastal seawater DIC to what might be expected in year 2100 due to the uptake of anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> increases PIC dissolution by 2.3 Tmol yr<sup>−1</sup>and alkalinity efflux by 4.8 Teq. yr<sup>−1</sup>. Our reactive transport modeling approach not only yields global estimates of benthic DIC, alkalinity and nutrient fluxes under variable scenarios of ocean productivity and chemistry, but also provides insights into the underlying processes

FacilEat4All - réunion de clôture

National audienc

Les environnements des Kerguelen : étude des amibes à thèque et des caractéristiques géochimiques

International audienceLes amibes à thèques sont des microorganismes cosmopolites dont la répartition est dépendante de l’hygrométrie, de la température et des facteurs biogéographiques. Une seule étude focalisée sur la diversité des amibes à thèque des Kerguelen a été réalisée en 1981. L’objectif est ici de cartographier les communautés d’amibes à thèques présentes et de comprendre les paramètres structurants (gradients de précipitations, variabilité des substrats). Pour extraire les amibes à thèque, 236 échantillons de bryophytes et de sol ont été prélevés sur l’archipel en novembre et décembre 2019 dans le cadre du programme de l’IPEV 1200 ENVIKER. L’observation des amibes à thèque réalisée à l’aide d’un microscope optique a permis de mettre en évidence une diversité spécifique importante tant dans le Loranchet que les sites proches de la base, comme l’Isthme bas. En parallèle, l’analyse géochimique des éléments traces et majeurs a pu être réalisée et comparée avec la distribution des amibes à thèque