Fractal Properties of the Gas Giants and their satellites within the Solar System

This study reveals the fractal structure of gas giants and their moons. For this purpose, fractal analysis of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and 182 moons was performed based on their radius (size). The results obtained reveal the fractal geometry of the planet / moon systems within the outer Solar system (SS). The resulting fractal dimensions (D) range from -0.57 to -1.43, decreasing with distance from the Sun. This requires a thorough analysis

Fractal analysis of the mesas within Deuteronilus Mensae region of Mars

Deuteronilus Mensae (43.9°N; 337.4°W) is region within the Ismenius Lacus quadrangle, located within the northern hemisphere of Mars. The area is very rich in erosion landforms:  flat-top plateaus and butes. The present research investigates the fractal structure of the plateaus (mesas or mensae) within the area. For this purpose using number/area approach a fractal analysis of 90 of these morphostructures was performed. The obtained fractal dimension (FD) of -1.25 is an indicator that the natural processes that created and shaped the topography within this Martian region have the same self-organized and nonlinear nature like those on planet Earth

НЕЛИНЕЙНОСТЬ И ФРАКТАЛЬНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА СЕЙСМОТЕКТОНИЧЕСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ EВРОПЕЙСКО- CРЕДИЗЕМНОМОРСКОГО РЕГИОНА

This paper presents research results of the study which aim is to reveal and quantitatively describe fractal properties of the European-Mediterranean seismotectonic model applied for seismic hazard assessment of the region under study.Several seismotectonic provinces are defined, and their nonlinear properties are calculated using both linear elements (boundaries of seismogenic units) and surface areas of the seismogenic units.The research is conducted on the basis of only formal relationships, not with data on real fault structures or other seismogenic elements, as the relationships have been accepted for seismic hazard calculations by the team of SESAME Project (Project Leader M. Jimenec) and published by Jimenec et al. [2001].Special attention is paid to the Balkan seismotectonic model in order to develop a common seismotectonic model which uses data from the seismic hazard map for a period of 475 years (according the EUROCODE8), that was published in Muco et al. [2008].All the calculations considered only the seismogenic units located in the earth crust, but not deeper seismogenic layers.It is concluded that most of the seismogenic provinces are similar in their fractal properties, which varied in a narrow range, except for the Adriatic one. The formal approach does not permit to explain these peculiarities.В статье представлены результаты исследований, целью которых было установление и количественная оценка фрактальных свойств сейсмотектонической модели Европейско-Средиземноморского региона, по которой была проведена оценка сейсмической опасности для изучаемого региона.Был выделен ряд сейсмотектонических провинций. Для них определены нелинейные свойства как по линейным элементам (как границам сейсмогенных участков), так и по площадям занимаемых ими поверхностей.Исследование проведено на базе формальных зависимостей, а не по реальным разломным структурам или другим сейсмогенным элементам, по методу, принятому для расчетов сейсмической опасности группой проекта SESAME (руководитель М. Jimenec) [Jimenec et al., 2001].Особое внимание уделено сейсмотектонической модели Балканского региона в связи с необходимостью разработки общей сейсмотектонической модели с использованием расчетов по карте сейсмической опасности за период 475 лет (в соответствии с EUROCODE8) по публикации [Muco et al., 2008].Для всех расчетов рассмотрены только сейсмогенные участки, расположенные в земной коре, без учета глубоких сейсмогенных слоев.Сделан вывод, что большинство сейсмогенных провинций характеризуются сходными фрактальными свойствами, которые варьируются в близком диапазоне, за исключением участка Адриатики. Формальный подход не позволяет найти объяснение таким особенностям

Fractal structure of the positive free-air gravity anomalies within the Balkan Peninsula

The investigations of the fractal structure and properties of the different geophysical elements is new and fast developing area of research among the geophysical society. The fractal properties of the earthquake clusters, faults and folds at different scale, even the plutonic bodies and other elements of the positive landforms are the most exploited areas of research. In our caste the special attention is paid to the gravity field (free-air anomalies) as the most expressive element of the surface elevated structures and their influence to the relief. The Balkan Peninsula is well known as the one of the most variable Earth’s surface elevation area in the world. The fractal properties of gravity field in such area could be useful to try to establish formal relationships to the surface elevation, as well as to prove the possibility to get some information about the self-organization and the origin of the mountain landforms in the same area

Fractal Analysis of The Lunar Bouguer Gravity Field

Recent dedicated lunar gravity measure mission provided high-resolution data for the Moon. The collected data are the starting material for the construction of the latest gravity model.  Like all celestial bodies, our natural satellite, is not a perfectly spherical object and its internal structure is not formed of homogeneous layers of equal thickness and gravity field varies from place to place. By measuring variations in lunar gravity can determine the density variations and deduce its internal structure. Gravity anomalies of the Moon are caused by concentrations of huge masses of material known as "mascons". Mascons are a symbol of the periods of creation and destruction in the course of the turbulent geological history of the Moon. This article present the results of the fractal analysis of the lunar Bouguer gravity field. The results obtained in the course of the study confirm the fractal geometry of the lunar Bouguer gravity field. The resulting fractal dimensions (D) varies from 1,4-1,5 to 2,4-2,5 and indicate a high level of gravity values fragmentation. Also, the spatial relationship between Bouguer gravity anomalies, "free-air" gravity anomalies and lunar digital elevation model (DEM) are considered.&nbsp

Risk Mapping of Earthquakes in New Member States

In 2003 the Joint Research Centre conducted a survey of mapping practices in eleven (11) new Member States (Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) for eight (8) major natural and technological hazards such as floods, forest fires, storms, landslides, earthquakes, industrial installations, transport of dangerous goods and contaminated lands. This activity was funded as part of the project entitled "Management of Natural and Technological Risks". One fundamental project objective was to examine the existing situation in each of the surveyed countries, and compare different mapping methodologies in order to define guidelines for establishing compatible risk mapping systems, in particular multi-hazard risk mapping. This report describes the results of the earthquake section of the risk mapping activity. Responses to the survey provide important information about the current status of earthquake hazards and risk mapping in different countries and advantages and obstacles to developing a common methodology for multi-hazard risk mapping including this hazard in each country.JRC.G.7-Traceability and vulnerability assessmen

The ANDROID case study; Venice and its territory : existing mitigation options and challenges for the future

The Work Package 7 (Research Futures & Special Interest Groups) of the ANDROID project, within a specific working group, selected Venice and its territory as an emblematic case study of a region that could be affected by cross-border disastrous events. The paper provides a general overview on the topic, trying to organise the large amount of available scientific literature in some strategic cores, identifying undoubted milestones, open questions and future research needs, following a holistic approach to risk assessment. This case study is carried out not only as an engaging exercise, but with the purpose to provide a reference point for scientists and teachers interested to translate multifaceted knowledge into specific solutions. In fact, the paper is strongly linked as a whole to other three ones (presented at the 4th International Conference on Building resilience by WP7 group participants), which deepen respectively hazard, vulnerability/resilience, and mitigation about the site taken into consideration. Furthermore, the City of Venice takes part to the UNISDR Program “Making Cities Resilient”, and planned a robust intervention, consisting in the realisation of mobile dikes located at the openings of the lagoon (MOSE project, almost terminated), which has been strongly debated since the beginning, due to possible negative consequences on the environment. At last, the paper analyses drawbacks and benefits of the above said intervention, and suggests further proposals for the global safeguard of Venice and its lagoon

Stochastic Modeling of the Al Hoceima (Morocco) Aftershock Sequences of 1994, 2004 and 2016

The three aftershock sequences that occurred in Al Hoceima, Morocco, in May 1994 (Mw 6.0), February 2004 (Mw 6.4) and January 2016 (Mw 6.3) were stochastically modeled to investigate their temporal and energetic behavior. A form of the restricted trigger model known as the restricted epidemic type aftershock sequence (RETAS) was used for the temporal analysis of the selected series. The best-determined fit models for each sequence differ based on the Akaike information criteria. The revealed discrepancies suggest that, although the activated fault systems are close (within 10 to 20 km), their stress regimes change and shift across each series. In addition, a stochastic model was presented to study the strain release following a specific strong earthquake. This model was constructed using a compound Poisson process and depicted the progression of the strain release during the aftershock sequence. The proposed model was then applied to the data. After the RETAS model was used to evaluate the behavior of the aftershock decay rate, the best-fit model was obtained and integrated into the strain-release stochastic analysis. By detecting the potential disparities between the observed data and model, the applied stochastic model of strain release allows for a more comprehensive examination. Furthermore, comparing the observed and expected cumulative energy release numbers revealed some variations at the start of all three sequences. This demonstrates that significant aftershock clusters occur more frequently shortly after the mainshock at the start of the sequence rather than if they are assumed to occur randomly

NONLINEARITIES AND FRACTAL PROPERTIES OF THE EUROPEAN-MEDITERRANEAN SEISMOTECTONIC MODEL

This paper presents research results of the study which aim is to reveal and quantitatively describe fractal properties of the European-Mediterranean seismotectonic model applied for seismic hazard assessment of the region under study.Several seismotectonic provinces are defined, and their nonlinear properties are calculated using both linear elements (boundaries of seismogenic units) and surface areas of the seismogenic units.The research is conducted on the basis of only formal relationships, not with data on real fault structures or other seismogenic elements, as the relationships have been accepted for seismic hazard calculations by the team of SESAME Project (Project Leader M. Jimenec) and published by Jimenec et al. [2001].Special attention is paid to the Balkan seismotectonic model in order to develop a common seismotectonic model which uses data from the seismic hazard map for a period of 475 years (according the EUROCODE8), that was published in Muco et al. [2008].All the calculations considered only the seismogenic units located in the earth crust, but not deeper seismogenic layers.It is concluded that most of the seismogenic provinces are similar in their fractal properties, which varied in a narrow range, except for the Adriatic one. The formal approach does not permit to explain these peculiarities