Estratégias de combate às desigualdades sociais na rede municipal de São José

This article is subject to analyze the educational projects carried out in the Municipal Education Network and its implications for social change. The projects were developed by the Department of Education and Culture of St. Joseph in 2001 and 2006. For the analysis, were used, in particular concepts about the cultural capital and habitus school, the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, highlighting the issues field- school X family and unequal family heritage in their school implications.El presente artículo tiene por temática analizar proyectos educacionales realizados en la Red de Escuelas Municipales de Enseñanza y sus implicaciones en los cambios sociales. Los proyectos fueron desarrollados por la Secretaría de Educación y Cultura de “São José” en los años de 2001 y 2006. Para el análisis fueron utilizados, en especial, conceptos acerca de capital cultural y habitus escolar, del sociólogo francés Pierre Bourdieu, destacando los temas campo-escuela X familia y patrimonio familiar desigual, en sus implicaciones escolares.  O presente artigo tem por temática analisar os projetos educacionais realizados na Rede Municipal de Ensino e suas implicações nas mudanças sociais. Os projetos foram desenvolvidos pela Secretaria de Educação e Cultura de São José nos anos de 2001 e 2006. Para a análise, foram utilizados, em especial, conceitos acerca do capital cultural e habitus escolar, do sociólogo Francês Pierre Bourdieu, destacando os assuntos campo-escola X família e herança familiar desigual, em suas implicações escolares. 

Factores de riesgo de ideación suicida entre estudiantes universitarios atendidos por un servicio de atención médica estudiantil

Objective: to identify the risk factors for suicidal ideation among university students assisted at the student health care service of a Federal University in the state of Minas Gerais. Method: across-sectional and retrospective study with a quantitative approach, based on administrative data generated by the Health Division of a Federal University in the state of Minas Gerais. The SPSSsoftware, version 20.0, was used for all the analyses. A level of significance of 5% was adopted. Results: 545 forms of assistance were analyzed. Most of the assisted patients were female, the mean age was 22 years old, and there is higher prevalence in undergraduate students. The abuse of psychoactive substances was associated with suicidal ideation (p = 0.010), as well as with alcohol abuse (p = 0.020). Predictors for suicidal ideation are: use of psychotropic drugs (p = 0.022);previous suicide attempt (p=0.002); non-suicidal self-harming behavior (p = 0.038); alcohol abuse (p = 0.010), and studying at the Uberlândia Campus (p = 0.001). In contrast, the variablesrelated to conflicts at the university (p=0.004) and to interpersonal relationships (p = 0.007) wereconsidered protective. Conclusion: interventions based on the risk factors identified in the research are considered necessary  ...Objetivo: identificar os fatores de risco para ideação suicida entre universitários atendidos no serviço de assistência de saúde estudantil de uma Universidade Federal no estado deMinas Gerais. Método: pesquisa transversal, retrospectiva, de abordagem quantitativa, a partir de banco de dados administrativos gerados pela Divisão de Saúde de uma Universidade Federal no estado de Minas Gerais. Para todas as análises, utilizou-se o software SPSS versão 20.0. Adotouse significância de 5%. Resultados: foram analisados 545formulários de atendimentos. A maioria dos atendidos era do sexo feminino, a média de idade foi de 22 anos e há maior prevalência em estudantes de graduação. O uso abusivode substâncias psicoativas foi associado à ideação suicida (p=0,010), bem como o uso abusivo de álcool (p=0,020). Os preditores para ideação suicida são: uso de psicotrópico (p=0,022); tentativa de suicídio prévia (p=0,002); comportamento autolesivo não suicida (p=0,038); abuso de álcool (p= 0,010) e estudar no Campus de Uberlândia (p=0,001). Em contrapartida, as variáveis relacionadas aos conflitos na universidade (p=0,004) e relacionamento interpessoal (p=0,007) foram consideradas protetivas. Conclusão: consideram-se necessárias intervenções com base nos fatores de risco identificados na pesquisa, a fim de se obter êxito nas estratégias de prevenção do comportamento suicida. Objetivo: identificar los factores de riesgo de ideación suicida entre estudiantes universitarios atendidos en el servicio de atención de salud estudiantil de una Universidad Federal del estado de Minas Gerais. Método: estudio transversal, retrospectivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, basado en datos administrativos generados por la División de Salud de una Universidad Federal del estado de Minas Gerais. Para todos los análisis, se utilizó el software SPSS versión 20.0. Se adoptó una significancia del 5%. Resultados: se analizaron 545 formas de asistencia. La mayoría de los pacientes atendidos fueron mujeres, la edad promedio fue de 22 años con mayor prevalencia en estudiantes de pregrado. El abuso de sustancias psicoactivas se asoció con la ideación suicida (p=0,010), entre las que destaca el abuso de alcohol (p=0,020). Los predictores de ideación suicida son: uso de psicofármacos (p=0,022); intento de suicidio previo (p = 0,002); comportamiento autolesivo no suicida (p=0,038); abuso de alcohol (p=0,010) y estudios en el campus de Uberlândia (p=0,001). Por el contrario, las variables relacionadas con los conflictos en la universidad (p=0,004) y las relaciones interpersonales (p=0,007) se consideraron protectoras. Conclusión: se consideran necesarias las intervenciones basadas en los factores de riesgo identificados en la investigación para tener éxito en las ..

Anti-Aspergillus fumigatus IgG in patients with bronchiectasis and its relationship with clinical outcome

Aspergillosis is a mycosis, most commonly afecting the airways. This mycosis can worsen the clinical condition of patients with concurrent lung diseases. We assayed for the presence of serum anti-A. fumigatus IgG in bronchiectasis patients from a tertiary hospital in south Brazil and evaluated the relationship with clinical outcome. Thirty-one patients with bronchiec tasis, without cystic fbrosis, were included. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from all participants. Positive serological tests were detected in 13% (4/31) of the patients. The mortality rate for the year following the assay was, in the seropositive group, 75% (3/4), whereas in the seronegative group, 15% (4/27). An illustrative case is also shown and discussed. Our study highlights the diagnostic challenge and the possible impact of Aspergillus infection on these patients, indicating the necessity of more and larger investigations in the feldinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sequential application of herbicide options for controlling Conyza sumatrensis in soybean pre-sowing

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sequentially applied herbicides to control Conyza sumatrensis, one of the most widely distributed weeds worldwide, in soybean pre-sowing burndown. The study was conducted under field conditions in the state of Paraná, Brazil, at 2018-2019 growing season. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with four replicates, with 12 treatments consisting of different herbicide mixtures applied before sowing. Control of C. sumatrensis, injury to soybean plants, and variables related to agronomic performance were evaluated. The control levels were high for all treatments, except for the one that was free of saflufenacil in either of the two applications. These results highlight the importance of saflufenacil in the control of C. sumatrensis and show promise for the use of saflufenacil/imazethapyr when considering the system and other weeds. All studied treatments were selective to soybean, which showed higher injury values in the presence of diclosulam; however, this did not compromise the agronomic performance of soybean. Highlights • Application of systemic herbicides with sequential application of burndown herbicides, is essential for the control of Conyza sumatrensis (>15 cm height).• Saflufenacil, flumioxazin, and imazethapyr stand out in the control of Conyza sumatrensis.• Protox and ALS inhibitors can replace paraquat in sequential application with equal efficacy in the control of Conyza sumatrensis.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sequentially applied herbicides to control Conyza sumatrensis, one of the most widely distributed weeds worldwide, in soybean pre-sowing burndown. The study was conducted under field conditions in the state of Paraná, Brazil, at 2018-2019 growing season. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with four replicates, with 12 treatments consisting of different herbicide mixtures applied before sowing. Control of C. sumatrensis, injury to soybean plants, and variables related to agronomic performance were evaluated. The control levels were high for all treatments, except for the one that was free of saflufenacil in either of the two applications. These results highlight the importance of saflufenacil in the control of C. sumatrensis and show promise for the use of saflufenacil/imazethapyr when considering the system and other weeds. All studied treatments were selective to soybean, which showed higher injury values in the presence of diclosulam; however, this did not compromise the agronomic performance of soybean. Highlights • Application of systemic herbicides with sequential application of burndown herbicides, is essential for the control of Conyza sumatrensis (>15 cm height).• Saflufenacil, flumioxazin, and imazethapyr stand out in the control of Conyza sumatrensis.• Protox and ALS inhibitors can replace paraquat in sequential application with equal efficacy in the control of Conyza sumatrensis

The exposure to formaldehyde causes renal dysfunction, inflammation and redox imbalance in rats.

Twenty-eight Fischer male rats were divided into four groups: control group (CG), exposed to the ambient air, and groups exposed to formaldehyde (FA) at concentrations of 1% (FA1%), 5% (FA5%) and 10% (FA10%). Kidney function was assessed by dosage of uric acid, creatinine and urea. Morphometry was performed on the thickness of the lumen of Bowman's capsule and diameter of the lumen of the renal tubules. We evaluated the redox imbalance through the catalase and superoxide dismutase activity as well as oxidative damage by lipid peroxidation. Inflammatory chemokines CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5 were analyzed by enzyme immunoassays. There was an increase in the concentration of urea in FA10% compared with CG and FA1%. The levels of creatinine, renal lumen and lipid peroxidation increased in all FA-treated groups compared with CG. The concentration of uric acid in FA10% was lower compared with all other groups. There was an increase in the space of Bowman's capsule in FA5% and FA10% compared with CG and FA1%. However, the superoxide dismutase activity was higher in FA5% compared with other groups while CCL5 was higher in FA1% compared with CG. The exposure to formaldehyde in a short period of time leads to changes in the kidney function, inflammation and morphology, as well as promoted the increase of superoxide dismutase activity and oxidative damage

Anestesia Regional vs. Anestesia Geral em Procedimentos Ginecológicos: Análise Comparativa

Objective: The aim of the article is to conduct a comparative review between regional and general anesthesia in gynecological procedures, exploring intraoperative risks, complications, patient satisfaction, and economic impacts. The goal is to provide a comprehensive analysis to guide clinical decision-making, considering both clinical and economic aspects in the choice of the most appropriate anesthetic modality. Introduction: The importance of choosing between regional and general anesthesia in gynecological procedures is emphasized. It underscores the complexity of the decision, considering risks, complications, and the need for a personalized approach. The significance of a comprehensive analysis is highlighted to guide clinical practices and promote informed decisions in the pursuit of safe and effective anesthesia. Methodology: An integrative review was conducted on the PubMed, Scielo, and BVS databases, using specific terms such as "Regional Anesthesia," "General Anesthesia," and "Gynecological Surgical Procedures." The use of boolean operators AND and OR was adopted to refine the search, aiming to identify relevant clinical studies, systematic reviews, integrative reviews, and meta-analyses, with priority given to original articles. Conclusion: The review highlights the complexity in choosing between regional and general anesthesia in gynecological procedures, emphasizing risks, patient satisfaction, and economic impacts. Flexibility in approach, effective communication, and strategies for financial optimization are crucial for patient-centered anesthesia practice. The ongoing pursuit of a balance between clinical efficacy and economic efficiency is fundamental to enhance the quality of anesthesia care.Objetivo: O objetivo do artigo é realizar uma revisão comparativa entre anestesia regional e geral em procedimentos ginecológicos, explorando riscos intraoperatórios, complicações, satisfação da paciente e impactos econômicos. O intuito é fornecer uma análise abrangente para orientar a tomada de decisão clínica, considerando aspectos clínicos e econômicos na escolha da modalidade anestésica mais apropriada. Introdução: Destaca-se a importância da escolha entre anestesia regional e geral em procedimentos ginecológicos. Enfatiza a complexidade da decisão, considerando riscos, complicações e a necessidade de uma abordagem personalizada. Importância da análise abrangente para orientar práticas clínicas e promover decisões informadas na busca por uma anestesia segura e eficaz. Metodologia: Conduziu-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e BVS, empregando termos específicos como "Anestesia Regional," "Anestesia Geral," e "Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia." A utilização de operadores booleanos AND e OR foi adotada para aperfeiçoar a busca, visando identificar estudos clínicos, revisões sistemáticas, revisões integrativas e meta-análises pertinentes, com prioridade para artigos originais. Conclusão: A revisão evidencia a complexidade na escolha entre anestesia regional e geral em procedimentos ginecológicos, ressaltando riscos, satisfação da paciente e impactos econômicos. A flexibilidade na abordagem, comunicação eficaz e estratégias para otimização financeira são cruciais para uma prática anestésica centrada no paciente. A constante busca por equilíbrio entre eficácia clínica e eficiência econômica é fundamental para aprimorar a qualidade dos cuidados anestésicos

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educomunicação em Tempos de Pandemia:

Os textos que compõem esta obra são oriundos do VIII Colóquio Ibero-americano de Educomunicação (VIII CIEducom) e IX Colóquio Catarinense de Educomunicação (IX CCEducom), realizados em março de 2021. Em um ano no qual o vírus SARS-CoV-2 e variantes circularam por diversos territórios, Educomunicação em tempos de pandemia: práticas e desafios foi o tema discutido nos eventos. Este livro colocado à disposição do público é um modo de compartilhar caminhos e convidar pessoas curiosas a percorrerem, por meio das palavras e recursos gráficos, desafios identificados e estratégias para o enfrentamento deste inesperado período de pandemia

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost