Observed modes of sea surface temperature variability in the South Pacific region

The South Pacific (SP) region exerts large control on the climate of the Southern Hemisphere at many times scales. This paper identifies the main modes of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the SP which consist of a tropical-driven mode related to a horseshoe structure of positive/negative SST anomalies within midlatitudes and highly correlated to ENSO and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) variability, and another mode mostly confined to extratropical latitudes which is characterized by zonal propagation of SST anomalies within the South Pacific Gyre. Both modes are associated with temperature and rainfall anomalies over the continental regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Besides the leading mode which is related to well known warmer/cooler and drier/moister conditions due to its relationship with ENSO and the IPO, an inspection of the extratropical mode indicates that it is associated with distinct patterns of sea level pressure and surface temperature advection. These relationships are used here as plausible and partial explanations to the observed warming trend observed within the Southern Hemisphere during the last decades.The authors would like to thank Scott Power for his comments on an earlier version of the manuscript and the two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions led to a substantial improvement of the paper. This study was supported by Grants UBACyT-20020100100803, UBACyT-20020120300051, PIP-11220120100586 and the SPECS (GA 308378) EU-funded Project. JG-S was partially supported by the H2020-funded MSCA-IF-EF DPETNA project (GA No. 655339). The authors acknowledge the Red Española de Supercomputación (RES) and PRACE for awarding access to MareNostrum 3 at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center through the HiResClim project. The support of Virginie Guémas and Oriol Mula-Valls at the Barcelona Supercomputing Center is warmly appreciated.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

El currículo, orígenes y conceptos: aplicación a un caso real en el Instituto de Educación a Distancia de la Universidad del Tolima

Hablar del currículo implica retomar losprocesos sociales, culturales y económicos en suvasta y amplísima relación, lo cual permiteencontrar las imbricaciones y articulacionesespacio-temporales que generan las construccionessociales, y que por ende se encuentranestrechamente ligadas a las concepciones ysignificados que se han conferido a la “educación” yal “currículo”.Esta reflexión parte de los resultados del trabajode investigación realizado sobre “Factores queinciden en la deserción estudiantil del programa deAdministración Financiera en las diferentesregiones del Departamento del Tolima donde hacepresencia el Instituto de Educación a Distancia –IDEAD de la Universidad del Tolima”, dónde seconsideró la categoría del currículo del programa deAdministración Financiera por su trayectoriaacadémica en la universidad

Detección de introgresión genética en la perdiz roja (Alectoris Rufa), mediante análisis del ADN mitocondrial

The analysis of D-Loop, the source of mtDNA replication, in populations from different species of partridges, has proved the existence of differential haplotypes for the Red, Greek and Chuckar partridges. Based on this, we have used a technique using the mitochondrial D-Loop amplification and sequencing which allows the detection of specific mutations, so that inter-specific crossings in the maternal line can be traced. A total of 1410 partridges divided into 282 groups of 5 individuals have been analysed. Results show that in 87 of these groups, there is genetic introgression of partridge species different from the red in at least one individual

Ibero-American Science and Education Consortium (ISTEC): New challenges in a global collaborative environment

The Ibero-American Science and Technology Education Consortium (ISTEC) is a non-profit organization comprised of educational, research, industrial, and multilateral organizations throughout the Americas and the Iberian Peninsula. The Consortium was established in 1990 to foster scientific, engineering, and technology education, joint international research and development efforts among its members, and to provide a cost-effective vehicle for the application and transfer of technology. After twenty years, ISTEC has established a presence in the region, but it also has experienced problems to interact with different cultures and interests. During 2010 it suffered important changes in its organization and big efforts were realized to accomplish new goals and to share worldwide expertise, to facilitate distributed problem solving, creating the local critical mass needed for the development of regional projects in areas such as: continuing education, libraries and repositories, globalization of the culture of quality and accreditation standards, R&D, intellectual property development, capital acquisition, and social responsibility, among others. ISTEC continues to be dedicated to the improvement of Science, Engineering, Technology, Math education, R&D, and Entrepreneurship. The Consortium will foster technology transfer and the development of social and business entrepreneurs through the implementation of a global network that pretends to reach other countries in the world creating clusters of businesses and institutions that share common interest, assisting in the establishment of strategic alliances/joint ventures, and the promotion of collaborative partnerships in general

Conocimiento compartido y razonamiento argumentativo colaborativo para entornos de múltiples agentes en ambientes distribuidos

Los Sistemas Multi-Agente constituyen un área en continuo crecimiento para el desarrollo de aplicaciones comerciales e industriales de gran escala ya que proveen de manera más natural soluciones a problemas complejos. En este tipo de sistemas, cada agente tiene capacidades limitadas e información incompleta sobre su entorno. Dicha información puede estar en contradicción con la información de otros agentes del sistema, y la resolución de este tipo de conflictos no es trivial. Esta línea de investigación se enfoca en mejorar las capacidades de razonamiento, representación de conocimiento, e interacción de agentes que participan en Sistemas Multi-Agente, los cuales colaboran y comparten su conocimiento en entornos dinámicos.Eje: Agentes y Sistemas Inteligentes.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Tumoral volume measured preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging is related to survival in endometrial cancer.

Background. The aim of the study was to determine if the endometrial tumor volume (TV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-TV) is associated with survival in endometrial cancer and lymph nodes metastases (LN+). Patients and methods. We evaluated the MRI imaging and records of 341 women with endometrial cancer and preoperative MRI from 2008 to 2018. The MRI-TV was calculated using the ellipsoid formula measuring three perpendicular tumor diameters. Tumor myometrial invasion was also analyzed. Results. Higher MRI-TV was associated with age ≥ 65y, non-endometrioid tumors, grade-3, deep-myometrial invasion, LN+ and advanced FIGO stage. There were 37 patients with LN+ (8.8%). Non-endometrioid tumors, deep-myometrial invasion, grade-3 and MRI-TV ≥ 10 cm3 were the factors associated with LN+. Using a receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve, the MRI-TV cut-off for survival was 10 cm3 (area under curve [AUC] = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.61–0.73). 5 years disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in MRI-TV ≥ 10 cm3 (69.3% vs. 84.5%, and 75.4% vs. 96.1%, respectively). MRI-TV was considered an independent factor of DFS (HR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.09–4.45, p = 0.029) and OS (HR: 3.88, 95% CI: 1.34–11.24, p = 0.012) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions. MRI-TV was associated with LN+, and MRI-TV ≥ 10 cm3 was an independent prognostic factor of lower DFS and OS. The MRI-TV can be auxiliary information to plan the surgery strategy and predict the adjuvant treatment in women with endometrial cancer.post-print403 K

Decadal predictability and prediction skill of sea surface temperatures in the South Pacific region

The South Pacific Ocean is a key driver of climate variability within the Southern Hemisphere at different time scales. Previous studies have characterized the main mode of interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variability in that region as a dipolar pattern of SST anomalies that cover subtropical and extratropical latitudes (the South Pacific Ocean Dipole, or SPOD), which is related to precipitation and temperature anomalies over several regions throughout the Southern Hemisphere. Using that relationship and the reported low predictive skill of precipitation anomalies over the Southern Hemisphere, this work explores the predictability and prediction skill of the SPOD in near-term climate hindcasts using a set of state-of-the-art forecast systems. Results show that predictability greatly benefits from initializing the hindcasts beyond the prescribed radiative forcing, and is modulated by known modes of climate variability, namely El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. Furthermore, the models are capable of simulating the spatial pattern of the observed SPOD even without initialization, which suggests that the key dynamical processes are properly represented. However, the hindcast of the actual phase of the mode is only achieved when the forecast systems are initialized, pointing at SPOD variability to not be radiatively forced but probably internally generated. The comparison with the performance of an empirical prediction based on persistence suggests that initialization may provide skillful information for SST anomalies, outperforming damping processes, up to 2–3 years into the future.Fil: Saurral, Ramiro Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; ArgentinaFil: García Serrano, Javier. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Doblasreyes, Francisco. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats; EspañaFil: Díaz, Leandro Baltasar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Carolina Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; Argentin

Segunda fractura de cadera en el paciente anciano: localización, supervivencia, resultados funcionales y factores de riesgo

La fractura de cadera del anciano que se asocia a considerables gastos sanitarios en los países industrializados. Son las fracturas de mayor impacto desbastador en la vida del paciente con tasas de mortalidad al año de un 18-32%. Las complicaciones de la fractura de cadera suponen desde la muerte, incapacidad, cuidados a largo plazo, a la pérdida de la independencia social. Aunque se dispone de una gran cantidad de información sobre la primera fractura de cadera, poco se sabe acerca de los pacientes que sufren una segunda. Este trabajo pretende determinar la localización de la segunda fractura de cadera en relación con la primera, medir el tiempo transcurrido entre ambas, establecer la supervivencia de la segunda fractura de cadera, valorar la funcionalidad tras la misma y estudiar los factores de riesgo que pueden predisponer a ella

Comercio de carne de monte en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena, Colombia

The bushmeat trade is an activity that has caused the persistent decline and local extinction of a large number of species, its irrational extraction is producing changes in the plant composition and depletion of wildlife in the forests. In this work, the species of wild fauna that are used for sale in the urban market of Plato, Magdalena, Colombia, were reported. Non-structured conversations were held with the vendors located in the urban market, the species used for trade, their local prices in Colombian pesos per kilogram and the regularity of the products at the points of sale were recorded. Twelve species of wildlife are sold in the urban market of Plato, Magdalena. The highest prices are presented by Sylvilagus sp. and Dasypus novemcinctus, while Hydrochoerus isthmius and Trachemys callirostris are the most common species in the stalls. This is the first report on the illegal trade of wild animal meat in the central region of the department of Magdalena. It is important to monitor this activity in the other municipalities of this subregion in order to know the possible impact that it may be generating in wild populations of this subregion in order to know the possible impact that it may be generating in wild populations.El comercio de carne de monte es una actividad que ha ocasionado la disminución persistente y la extinción local de un gran número de especies, cuya extracción irracional está produciendo cambios en la composición vegetal y agotamiento de la vida silvestre en los bosques. En este trabajo se reportaron las especies de fauna silvestre que son utilizadas para la venta en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena, Colombia. Se realizaron conversaciones no estructuradas con los vendedores ubicados en el mercado urbano, y se registraron las especies usadas para el comercio, los precios locales del kilogramo en pesos colombianos y la regularidad de los productos en los puntos de venta. Doce especies de fauna silvestre son vendidas en el mercado urbano de Plato, Magdalena. Los mayores precios los presentan Sylvilagus floridanus y Dasypus novemcinctus, mientras que Hydrochoerus isthmius y Trachemys callirostris son las especies más comunes en los puestos de venta. Este es el primer reporte sobre el comercio ilegal de carne de animales silvestre en la región centro del departamento del Magdalena. Es importante hacer seguimiento de esta actividad en los demás municipios de esta subregión con el fin de conocer el posible impacto que se pueda estar generando en las poblaciones silvestres

Evaluation of the combined glucose-insulin and intravenous glucose tolerance tests for insulin dysregulation diagnosis in donkeys

Background. Insulin dysregulation (ID) and donkey metabolic syndrome (DMS) are common in this species. Contrary to horses, diagnostic guidelines compiling insulin cut-offs values and dynamic testing interpretations have not been reported for this species. Objectives. To evaluate resting serum insulin concentrations, the combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT) and the glucose intravenous tolerance test (IVGTT) for the diagnosis of DMS with ID suspicion. Study design. Diagnostic test comparison.Methods. Six of 80 mix-breed adult donkeys fulfilled the inclusion criteria for DMS based on history or clinical evidence of recurrent laminitis, body condition >6 and neck score >2 or baseline insulin and leptin concentrations >20 µIU/mL and >12 ng/mL respectively. CGIT and IVGTT were performed in all donkeys within a week and interpreted following guidelines reported for equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). Insulin and glucose curves were analysed, proxies calculated and correlations and multivariate analysis assessed. Results. Following EMS guidelines, CGIT classified 2 (using glucose-positive phase duration) or 3 (using insulin concentration) and IVGTT classified 5 donkeys as ID. ID donkeys showed a lower glucose/insulin ratio, QUICKI and RISQI, and a higher insulin/glucose ratio, MIRG and HOMA-B%. Main limitations. Comparison of these tests with additional dynamic testing including a larger number of ID donkeys is necessary. Conclusions. This is the first study evaluating dynamic tests to assess ID/DMS in DMS-suspected donkeys. IVGTT detected more ID donkeys than CGIT. EMS recommendations could also be used for DMS diagnosis, although a baseline insulin cut-off value is needed