Utilidad del método de Kärber para la obtención de las edades medias de erupción dentaria

Se realizó un estudio sobre cronología de la erupción de la dentición permanente aplicando, para ello, el procedimiento descrito por Hayes y Mantel, sobre el método de Kärber. Este método se utiliza para la evaluación estadística de la erupción dentaria y se fundamenta en el conocimiento que la distribu-ción de las edades de erupción sigue el patrón de una curva normal de probabilidades. La muestra constaba de 1.123 niños, de edades comprendidas entre 5 y 15 años, residentes en la población de Tona, provincia de Barcelona. Se presentan las tablas de las edades medias de erupción, para cada diente y grupo genérico. Se concluye que el método de Kärber es el mas idóneo para la obtención de este tipo de datos, siempre que se disponga del rango completo de porcentajes de erupción para los diferentes grupos de edad

Erupció de la dentició permanent en un grup de 1.123 nens i nenes catalans

Fonament. Els estudis que tracten de l'erupció de les dents permanents estan confeccionats per a països amb un clima, una alimentació, uns hàbits i uns mitjans de vida molt diferents als nostres. Objectiu. Determinar les edats mitjanes de l'erupció de la dentició permanent de la nostra mostra de població. Mètode. S'han estudiat 605 nens i 518 nenes de raça blanca i amb edats compreses entre els 5 i els 14 anys, tots residents a la població de Tona (Osona). Les exploracions es van dur a terme a les tres escoles que hi ha a la població seguint el mètode transversal. Les dades recollides van ser les següents: nom i cognoms de l'infant explorat, data de naixement, sexe, pes, estatura i odontograma de dentició permanent. Les estimacions de les mitjanes d'edat d'erupció de cada dent es van calcular mitjançant el mètode de Kärber. Resultats. Després de validar la mostra quant a mida, edat, pes i estatura, vam confirmar que ens trobàvem davant un grup homogeni i semblant a la resta d'infants catalans. Presentem les taules de les edats mitjanes d'erupció per a cada una de les dents permanents en els dos maxillars, per a tots dos sexes. Conclusions. Les dades de pes i estatura de la mostra estudiada no presenten diferències significatives amb les que va aportar De la Puente. S'han confeccionat les taules, per primera vegada, de les edats d'erupció de totes les dents permanents (exceptuant les terceres molars permanents) per a una mostra de nens i nenes catalans

Cronología de la erupción de la dentición permanente en la población española

Se realizó un estudio sobre cronología de la erupción de la dentición permanente en un grupo de 1.123 niños, de edades comprendidas entre 5 y 15 años, residentes en la población de Tona, provincia de Barcelona. La muestra fue validada en cuanto a tamaño, edad, peso y talla, y puede considerarse representativa de la población española. Se presentan las tablas y secuencias eruptivas para ambos sexos

Enabling data analytics and machine learning for 5G services within disaggregated multi-layer transport networks

Recent advances, related to the concepts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) and with applications across multiple technology domains, have gathered significant attention due, in particular, to the overall performance improvement of such automated systems when compared to methods relying on human operation. Consequently, using AI/ML for managing, operating and optimizing transport networks is increasingly seen as a potential opportunity targeting, notably, large and complex environments.Such AI-assisted automated network operation is expected to facilitate innovation in multiple aspects related to the control and management of future optical networks and is a promising milestone in the evolution towards autonomous networks, where networks self-adjust parameters such as transceiver configuration.To accomplish this goal, current network control, management and orchestration systems need to enable the application of AI/ML techniques. It is arguable that Software-Defined Networking (SDN) principles, favouring centralized control deployments, featured application programming interfaces and the development of a related application ecosystem are well positioned to facilitate the progressive introduction of such techniques, starting, notably, in allowing efficient and massive monitoring and data collection.In this paper, we present the control, orchestration and management architecture designed to allow the automatic deployment of 5G services (such as ETSI NFV network services) across metropolitan networks, conceived to interface 5G access networks with elastic core optical networks at multi Tb/s. This network segment, referred to as Metro-haul, is composed of infrastructure nodes that encompass networking, storage and processing resources, which are in turn interconnected by open and disaggregated optical networks. In particular, we detail subsystems like the Monitoring and Data Analytics or the in-operation planning backend that extend current SDN based network control to account for new use cases.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Added value of intraoperative real-time imaging in searches for difficult-to-locate sentinel nodes.

Localization of sentinel lymph nodes can be challenging if they are in difficult anatomic locations or near high radiotracer activity The purpose of this study was to assess the value of intraoperative real-time imaging using a portable gamma-camera in conjunction with a conventional gamma-counting probe when it is difficult to localize the sentinel node

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in household domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) in Spain, 2019–2023

SARS-CoV-2 is the causal agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans that emerged in late 2019. This virus is able to infect humans and different animal species. Among pets, cats and ferrets are more susceptible to be infected by the SARS-CoV-2. Epidemiological studies are an important tool to provide information under natural conditions of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus. In comparison to cats, limited epidemiological studies have been performed in domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) reporting the presence of antibodies in this species. This study analysed the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 432 cliend-owned ferrets from different geographical areas of Spain during the different waves of COVID-19 outbreaks from December 2019 to May 2023 (42 months). For this purpose, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent method (ELISA) using the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Spike antigen and confirmed by serum virus neutralization assay. Eighteen of the 432 ferrets included were seroreactive by the in-house ELISA (4.17%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.65–6.49). In this sense, the wave of COVID-19 with the higher number of seropositive ferrets occurred during the seventh wave when the different Omicron subvariants were the dominant virus variants. Our results suggest that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in domestic ferrets in natural conditions is low. Further research is need to evaluate the potential risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from human to pets

Reportatge: Biblioteca Joan Oliver al barri de Sant Antoni

Si passegem per l’Eixample de Barcelona, podem trobar veritables joies arquitectòniques, com són les conegudíssimes casa Batlló, casa Milà, casa Ametller... i un etcètera ben llarg. Però també podem trobar moltes sorpreses, com per exemple un temple romà construït fa un segle (c. Bailèn - Consell de Cent ), o la casa dels cargols (c. Tamarit - Entença - Av. Parallel)... i molts altres exemples d’arquitectures molt especials, que s’integren i conviuen en harmonia dins la trama Cerdà. Els darrers 150 anys han anat teixint un Eixample ric en matisos i noves complexitats. El projecte ideal i regular d’Ildefons Cerdà s’ha anat modelant i enriquint al llarg de tot aquest temps com a resposta de noves necessitats, noves maneres de construir i noves tecnologies. La biblioteca Joan Oliver és una d’aquestes aportacions. (I, per cert, una molt enriquidora aportació).Cinco artículos sobre Biblioteca Joan Oliver al barri de Sant Antoni: - L’Eixample en el segle XXI / Cristina Arribas Sánchez - Ús total = rendibilitat total / Jordi Olivés Salvadó - Un espai públic per a les relacions socials /Rafael Aranda i Quiles, Carme Pigem Barceló, Ramón Vilalta Pujol - Seguiment exhaustiu de l’obra / Cristina Carrasco - Arquitectura global / M. Neus Montserrat Vintr

Effect of time to sentinel-node biopsy on the prognosis of cutaneous melanoma

Introduction: In patients with primary cutaneous melanoma, there is generally a delay between excisional biopsy of the primary tumour and sentinel-node biopsy. The objective of this study is to analyse the prognostic implications of this delay. Patients and method: This was an observational, retrospective, cohort study in four tertiary referral hospitals. A total of 1963 patients were included. The factor of interest was the interval between the date of the excisional biopsy of the primary melanoma and the date of the sentinel-node biopsy (delay time) in the prognosis. The primary outcome was melanoma-specific survival and disease-free survival. Results: A delay time of 40 days or less (hazard ratio (HR), 1.7; confidence interval (CI), 1.2-2.5) increased Breslow thickness (Breslow ⩾2 mm, HR, >3.7; CI, 1.4-10.7), ulceration (HR, 1.6; CI, 1.1-2.3), sentinel-node metastasis (HR, 2.9; CI, 1.9-4.2), and primary melanoma localised in the head or neck were independently associated with worse melanoma-specific survival (all P < 0.03). The stratified analysis showed that the effect of delay time was at the expense of the patients with a negative sentinel-node biopsy and without regression. Conclusion: Early sentinel-node biopsy is associated with worse survival in patients with cutaneous melanoma

Stroke prevalence among the Spanish elderly: an analysis based on screening surveys

BACKGROUND: This study sought to describe stroke prevalence in Spanish elderly populations and compare it against that of other European countries. METHODS: We identified screening surveys -both published and unpublished- in Spanish populations, which fulfilled specific quality requirements and targeted prevalence of stroke in populations aged 70 years and over. Surveys covering seven geographically different populations with prevalence years in the period 1991–2002 were selected, and the respective authors were then asked to provide descriptions of the methodology and raw age-specific data by completing a questionnaire. In addition, five reported screening surveys in European populations furnished useful data for comparison purposes. Prevalence data were combined, using direct adjustment and logistic regression. RESULTS: The overall study population, resident in central and north-eastern Spain, totalled 10,647 persons and yielded 715 cases. Age-adjusted prevalences, using the European standard population, were 7.3% for men, 5.6% for women, and 6.4% for both sexes. Prevalence was significantly lower in women, OR 0.79 95% CI 0.68–0.93, increased with age, particularly among women, and displayed a threefold spatial variation with statistically significant differences. Prevalences were highest, 8.7%, in suburban, and lowest, 3.8%, in rural populations. Compared to pooled Spanish populations, statistically significant differences were seen in eight Italian populations, OR 1.39 95%CI (1.18–1.64), and in Kungsholmen, Sweden, OR 0.40 95%CI (0.27–0.58). CONCLUSION: Prevalence in central and north-eastern Spain is higher in males and in suburban areas, and displays a threefold geographic variation, with women constituting the majority of elderly stroke sufferers. Compared to reported European data, stroke prevalence in Spain can be said to be medium and presents similar age- and sex-specific traits

A review of the combination among global change factors in forests, shrublands and pastures of the Mediterranean Region : beyond drought effects

Research in CRAG is also supported byCERCA institution (Generalitat de Catalunya).Climate change, alteration of atmospheric composition, land abandonment in some areas and land use intensification in others, wildfires and biological invasions threaten forests, shrublands and pastures all over the world. However, the impacts of the combinations between global change factors are not well understood despite its pressing importance. Here we posit that reviewing global change factors combination in an exemplary region can highlight the necessary aspects in order to better understand the challenges we face, warning about the consequences, and showing the challenges ahead of us. The forests, shrublands and pastures of the Mediterranean Basin are an ideal scenario for the study of these combinations due to its spatial and temporal heterogeneity, increasing and diverse human population and the historical legacy of land use transformations. The combination of multiple global change factors in the Basin shows different ecological effects. Some interactions alter the effects of a single factor, as drought enhances or decreases the effects of atmospheric components on plant ecophysiology. Several interactions generate new impacts: drought and land use changes, among others, alter water resources and lead to land degradation, vegetation regeneration decline, and expansion of forest diseases. Finally, different factors can occur alone or simultaneously leading to further increases in the risk of fires and biological invasions. The transitional nature of the Basin between temperate and arid climates involves a risk of irreversible ecosystem change towards more arid states. However, combinations between factors lead to unpredictable ecosystem alteration that goes beyond the particular consequences of drought. Complex global change scenarios should be studied in the Mediterranean and other regions of the world, including interregional studies. Here we show the inherent uncertainty of this complexity, which should be included in any management strategy