Comparación en la implementación del protocolo ovsynch frete al cosynch en vacas brahman

Más importante que la parte productiva es la parte reproductiva de los animales. El ciclo estral de la vaca es un proceso dinámico, continuo y dependiente de la interacción de órganos como el cerebro y el tracto reproductivo de la vaca, varias hormonas y efectos medioambientales; el crecimiento y desarrollo de los folículos y del cuerpo lúteo está regulado por la interacción coordinada de todos estos elementos y hormonas. Para todos aquellos que intervienen en los programas reproductivos y de manejo, es de vital importancia el entendimiento de cómo es el ciclo estral y de cómo todos estos elementos interactúan, lo que nos permite mejorar los diferentes programas de sincronización de celos lo cual se reflejara en disminución de días abiertos, aumento de la fertilidad y rentabilidad de las explotaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar el uso del protocolo ovsynch frente al cosynch con el fin de aproximarnos al protocolo que nos garantice más preñeces en menor tiempo logrando así la reducción en los días abiertos en la hacienda La Fe en el municipio de Ansermanuevo Valle del Cauca, vereda La Raíz. Para desarrollar este trabajo se encogieron 20 vacas brahman con cría, con similar condición corporal y similar número de partos y sus crías tienen como característica que tienen entre 2 meses y 5 meses de edad

Caracterización de las propiedades mecánicas y de durabilidad del concreto hidráulico con sustitución parcial de agregado ligero

Trabajo de InvestigaciónEl presente trabajo de grado se presenta la caracterización de las propiedades mecánicas y de durabilidad del concreto hidráulico con sustitución parcial de agregado ligero comparándolo con el concreto convencional. Para realizar esta investigación, se procede a la caracterización de la materia prima de ambos agregados, tanto el agregado normal, como el agregado ligero. Esta caracterización permitirá realizar un análisis granulométrico y conocer las propiedades intrínsecas del agregado (densidad y absorción). Luego se procederá a realizar el diseño de mezcla correspondiente a cada variación porcentual de agregado ligero y de esta forma, llegar a la elaboración de muestras de concretoRESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN 1. GENERALIDADES 2. MARCO REFERENCIAL 3. CARACTERIZACIÒN DE MATERIAS PRIMAS 4. DISEÑO DE MEZCLA 5. RESULTADOS OBTENIDOS 6. ANÀLISIS DE RESULTADOS 7.CONCLUSIONES 8. RECOMENDACIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANEXOSPregradoIngeniero Civi

Estudio de Mercado para establecer una Empresa de venta de Fertilizantes en el Rosales, Chihuahua.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar un estudio de mercado para establecer una empresa de venta de fertilizantes en el municipio de Rosales, Chihuahua, la cual se llevó a cabo entrevistando a los ejidatarios registrados en el padrón del Distrito de Riego 06, esto debido a la importancia que tiene el municipio en cuanto al consumo de fertilizantes, y sin embargo se carece de una empresa, que les provea de estos, en el mismo municipio. El estudio también permitió identificar cuáles son los productos más consumidos y su respectiva presentación, dando como resultado información básica para el plan de ventas y desarrollo de estrategias de mercado. Concluyendo que es viable la implementación de la empresa debido a la demanda e importancia de los fertilizantes en el municipio

Consideraciones gerenciales para el direccionamiento estratégico de la investigación en las universidades

The objective was to develop managerial considerations on which to base the strategic direction of research in universities. It was a qualitative study, of bibliographic design, explanatory level and under the hermeneutic-dialectic method, developed on the basis of texts and background on the university academy. The results reveal that in the global context, there are still weaknesses in the management of research in universities, which determines the need for strategic direction. Management considerations point to the inexorable transposition of research, going from academic activity to missionary, productive and competitive strategy of the university.El objetivo fue desarrollar consideraciones gerenciales en las cuales cimentar el direccionamiento estratégico de la investigación en las universidades. Fue un estudio cualitativo, de diseño bibliográfico, nivel explicativo y bajo el método hermenéutico-dialéctico, desarrollado sobre la base de textos y antecedentes en torno a la academia universitaria. Los resultados revelan que en el contexto mundial, persisten sendas debilidades en la gestión de la investigación en las universidades, lo cual determina la necesidad de direccionamiento estratégico. Las consideraciones gerenciales apuntan a la inexorable transposición de la investigación, pasando de actividad académica, a estrategia misional, productiva y competitiva de la universidad

Agricultural Homoeopathy: A New Insight into Organics

At present, agricultural homoeopathy is being increasingly implemented worldwide to mitigate the negative effects caused by the indiscriminate use of chemical products in conventional agricultural practices. It is a viable alternative to improve organic agriculture, since homoeopathic medicines are innocuous substances with a capability to activate measurable response mechanisms when used in plants, animals and humans. Experimental research results allow us to conclude in this chapter that agricultural homoeopathy is able to stimulate favourable biological and even genetic responses in plants (basil Ocimum basilicum L., bean Phaseolus vulgaris L., cucumber Cucumis sativus L., tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.), which shows a novelty insight for organic agriculture

Phenolic Compounds in Organic and Aqueous Extracts from Acacia farnesiana Pods Analyzed by ULPS-ESI-Q-oa/TOF-MS. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Inflammatory Response in CD-1 Mice

Abstract: Background: Acaciafarnesiana (AF) pods have been traditionally used to treat dyspepsia, diarrhea and topically for dermal inflammation. Main objectives: (1) investigate the antioxidant activity and protection against oxidative-induced damage of six extracts from AF pods and (2) their capacitytocurbtheinflammationprocessaswellastodown-regulatethepro-inflammatorymediators. Methods: Five organic extracts (chloroformic, hexanic, ketonic, methanolic, methanolic:aqueous and one aqueous extract) were obtained and analyzed by UPLC-ESI-Q-oa/TOF-MS. Antioxidant activity (DPPH•, ORAC and FRAP assays) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS assay) were performed. Assessmentofanti-inflammatorypropertieswasmadebytheearedemainducedmodelinCD-1mice andMPOactivityassay. Likewise,histologicalanalysis,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α,COXmeasurements plus nitrite and immunohistochemistry analysis were carried out. Results: Methyl gallate, gallic acid,galloyl glucose isomer 1, galloyl glucose isomer 2, galloyl glucose isomer 3, digalloyl glucose isomer 1, digalloyl glucose isomer 2, digalloyl glucose isomer 3, digalloyl glucose isomer 4, hydroxytyrosol acetate, quinic acid, and caffeoylmalic acid were identified. Both organic and aqueous extracts displayed antioxidant activity. All extracts exhibited a positive effect on the interleukins, COX and immunohistochemistry assays. Conclusion: All AF pod extracts can be effective as antioxidant and topical anti-inflammatory agents. Keywords: Acacia farnesiana pods; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; bioactive compounds; polyphenol

Associated factors for mortality in a COVID-19 colombian cohort : is the third wave relevant when Mu variant was predominant epidemiologically?

Q1Q1Pacientes con COVID-19Objectives: To evaluate the association between Colombia's third wave when the Mu variant was predominant epidemiologically (until 75%) in Colombia and COVID-19 all-cause in-hospital mortality. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, we included hospitalized patients ≥18 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 to September 2021 in ten hospitals from three cities in Colombia. Description analysis, survival, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the third epidemic wave and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 25,371 patients were included. The age-stratified time-to-mortality curves showed differences according to epidemic waves in patients ≥75 years (log-rank test p = 0.012). In the multivariate Cox analysis, the third wave was not associated with increased mortality relative to the first wave (aHR 0.95; 95%CI 0.84–1.08), but there was an interaction between age ≥75 years and the third wave finding a lower HR for mortality (aHR 0.56, 95%CI 0.36–0.86). Conclusions: We did not find an increase in in-hospital mortality during the third epidemic wave in which the Mu variant was predominant in Colombia. The reduced hazard in mortality in patients ≥75 years hospitalized in the third wave could be explained by the high coverage of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in this population and patients with underlying conditions.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1833-1599https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-5729https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6964-2229https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3975-2835https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9441-4375Revista Internacional - IndexadaA1N

State of the climate in 2018

In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth’s surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m−2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year’s end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981–2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June’s Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°–0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the highest rate of warming ever observed in the region. On 17 March, Arctic sea ice extent marked the second smallest annual maximum in the 38-year record, larger than only 2017. The minimum extent in 2018 was reached on 19 September and again on 23 September, tying 2008 and 2010 for the sixth lowest extent on record. The 23 September date tied 1997 as the latest sea ice minimum date on record. First-year ice now dominates the ice cover, comprising 77% of the March 2018 ice pack compared to 55% during the 1980s. Because thinner, younger ice is more vulnerable to melting out in summer, this shift in sea ice age has contributed to the decreasing trend in minimum ice extent. Regionally, Bering Sea ice extent was at record lows for almost the entire 2017/18 ice season. For the Antarctic continent as a whole, 2018 was warmer than average. On the highest points of the Antarctic Plateau, the automatic weather station Relay (74°S) broke or tied six monthly temperature records throughout the year, with August breaking its record by nearly 8°C. However, cool conditions in the western Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea sector contributed to a low melt season overall for 2017/18. High SSTs contributed to low summer sea ice extent in the Ross and Weddell Seas in 2018, underpinning the second lowest Antarctic summer minimum sea ice extent on record. Despite conducive conditions for its formation, the ozone hole at its maximum extent in September was near the 2000–18 mean, likely due to an ongoing slow decline in stratospheric chlorine monoxide concentration. Across the oceans, globally averaged SST decreased slightly since the record El Niño year of 2016 but was still far above the climatological mean. On average, SST is increasing at a rate of 0.10° ± 0.01°C decade−1 since 1950. The warming appeared largest in the tropical Indian Ocean and smallest in the North Pacific. The deeper ocean continues to warm year after year. For the seventh consecutive year, global annual mean sea level became the highest in the 26-year record, rising to 81 mm above the 1993 average. As anticipated in a warming climate, the hydrological cycle over the ocean is accelerating: dry regions are becoming drier and wet regions rainier. Closer to the equator, 95 named tropical storms were observed during 2018, well above the 1981–2010 average of 82. Eleven tropical cyclones reached Saffir–Simpson scale Category 5 intensity. North Atlantic Major Hurricane Michael’s landfall intensity of 140 kt was the fourth strongest for any continental U.S. hurricane landfall in the 168-year record. Michael caused more than 30 fatalities and $25 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages. In the western North Pacific, Super Typhoon Mangkhut led to 160 fatalities and$6 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages across the Philippines, Hong Kong, Macau, mainland China, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Tropical Storm Son-Tinh was responsible for 170 fatalities in Vietnam and Laos. Nearly all the islands of Micronesia experienced at least moderate impacts from various tropical cyclones. Across land, many areas around the globe received copious precipitation, notable at different time scales. Rodrigues and Réunion Island near southern Africa each reported their third wettest year on record. In Hawaii, 1262 mm precipitation at Waipā Gardens (Kauai) on 14–15 April set a new U.S. record for 24-h precipitation. In Brazil, the city of Belo Horizonte received nearly 75 mm of rain in just 20 minutes, nearly half its monthly average. Globally, fire activity during 2018 was the lowest since the start of the record in 1997, with a combined burned area of about 500 million hectares. This reinforced the long-term downward trend in fire emissions driven by changes in land use in frequently burning savannas. However, wildfires burned 3.5 million hectares across the United States, well above the 2000–10 average of 2.7 million hectares. Combined, U.S. wildfire damages for the 2017 and 2018 wildfire seasons exceeded $40 billion (U.S. dollars)

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Criteria for the optimization of public investment in the environmental dimension for the municipality of Anolaima, Cundinamarca

Dentro de los planes de desarrollo municipal que se estipulan en cada nueva administración con los planes, programas y proyectos para llevarse a cabo en los próximos 4 años, están basados en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de los habitantes, es decir enfocados a salud, educación, vivienda, infraestructura, empleo, alimento; también se invierte en medio ambiente, pero se encuentra algo relegado de los demás aspectos, siendo este de vital importancia para las actividades del día a día. Para darle la importancia que ésta dimensión tiene, se reconocerá mediante este trabajo donde se generan unos criterios para la optimización de la inversión pública, aplicados al municipio de Anolaima, donde por medio de la caracterización tanto ambiental que se realiza con la metodología de Groot identificando la estructura ecológica principal y la infraestructura ecológica como de la inversión pública (Programas ambientales definidos en el Plan de Desarrollo Municipal 2008–2011) se comete una correspondencia mediante la relación de estas dos dimensiones con la Clasificación de Actividades para la Protección Ambiental–CAPA, la cual identifica a donde se le está apuntando y a qué hace falta apuntarle con respecto a la inversión. El valor agregado de este trabajo es que sea posible su aplicación tanto en el municipio de estudio como en los demás municipios, para así mejorar las condiciones ambientales de la región y posteriormente del país.Within the municipal development plans that are stipulated in each new administration with the plans, programs and projects to be carried out in the next 4 years, are based on the improvement of the living conditions of the inhabitants, ie focused on health , education, housing, infrastructure, employment, food; is also invested in the environment, but is somewhat relegated from other aspects, which is vital for day-to-day activities. To give it the importance that this dimension has, it will be recognized by this work where some criteria are generated for the optimization of public investment, applied to the municipality of Anolaima, where by means of the environmental characterization that is done with Groot's methodology, identifying the main ecological structure and ecological infrastructure as well as public investment (Environmental programs defined in the Municipal Development Plan 2008 - 2011) correspondence is made through the relationship of these two dimensions with the Environmental Protection Activities Classification (CAPA) which identifies where it is being targeted and what needs to be pointed out regarding the investment. The added value of this work is that it is possible to apply both in the study municipality and in other municipalities, in order to improve the environmental conditions of the region and later the country