Primeiro registro do uso medicinal do gênero Cleoserrata (Cleomaceae)

Medicinal use of Cleoserrata (Cleomaceae)Uso medicinal de Cleoserrata (Cleomaceae

Ensino de química através da Interdisciplinaridade: proposta de material Didático / Chemical teaching through Interdisciplinarity: material proposal Teaching

Quando se trabalha com a disciplina de Química , pensa-se logo em algo complexo, onde é necessária a utilização de conhecimentos mais específicos para obter um bom desempenho na resolução de problemas e no domínio do componente, entretanto, não basta ter propriedade apenas sobre os fenômenos químicos que ocorrem a todo instante, É preciso, para esse objetivo ser atingido, um algo mais, É imprescindível que haja interação com outros conhecimentos, com outros componentes curriculares da mesma Área de conhecimento e de outras Áreas. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho tem como finalidade propor a elaboração de um livro composto por questões apenas de caráter interdisciplinar onde é abordada a relação de disciplinas de outras áreas do conhecimento com o componente curricular Química. O livro deverá apresentar as questões interdisciplinares e suas resoluções comentadas, que envolvem a disciplina de Química

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Gurguéia nut: a new and potential fruit crop

Still practically unknown in the world fruit market, Gurguéia nut (Dipteryx lacunifera Ducke) is leguminous fruit species native to Brazilian Mid-North region) whose almond is very appreciated by native people. Nevertheless, these species are not very well known. The aims of our work were first to evaluate thoroughly the literature currently available on Gurguéia nut and secondly to supplement this review by agronomic works published about it. Origin and distribution. The study includes a presentation of the origin, geographical distribution and phenotypic variability of Gurguéia nut. Botanical classification and taxonomy. The study includes a presentation of the botany, morphology and floral biology of Gurguéia nut. Plant propagation. The methods available for plant propagation of Gurguéia nut are focused and properly described, with examples of published manuscripts. Compositions and uses. The many uses of Gugrguéia nut plant parts are presented with especial consideration for its almond composition in relation to nutrients, vitamins, proteins and fatty acids, as well as the various possibilities of processing. Conclusion. Our review highlights the fact that the interest shown in Gurguéia nut is recent and, for these reasons, more detailed knowledge on these species is required (agronomic, genetic and technological)

Laranja-da-terra: potential citric fruit for Piauí State

O trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização físico-química de frutos de laranja-da-terra (Ctrius aurantium L). Cinco amostras de dez frutos cada foram colhidas em plantas de laranja-da-terra produzidos em pomares domésticos do município de Bom Jesus/PI e caracterizadas pela avaliação de diâmetro e altura, número de sementes por fruto, massa de frutos sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulavel (AT), vitamina C e relação SS/AT. A laranja-da-terra tem boas qualidades físico-quimicas e é uma fonte natural de vitamina C com media de 125,76 mg/100g de fruta fresca, com acidez baixa e elevados sólidos solúveis e “ratio”.The work had as objecive the phisico-chemical caracterization of laranja-da-terra fruits. Five samples of 10 fruits were harvested in laranja-da-terra plants produced in home orchards of the municipality of Bom Jesus/PI and caracterized by evaluation of lenght and width, number of the seeds per fruits, weigth, soluble solids (SS), titulable acidity (TA), vitamin C and SS/AT ratio. Laranja-da-terra has good quality phisico-chemical and is a natural source of vitamin C with an average of 125.76 mg/100g of fresh fruit, low titratable acidity and high values of soluble solids and SS/AT ratio

Adubação orgânica e intensidade luminosa no crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial da Pitaya em Bom Jesus-PI

A pitaya é uma cactácea de sub-bosque, originária de florestas tropicais do México e das Américas Central e do Sul, pouco estudada no Brasil, principalmente quanto à sua resposta à intensidade luminosa e adubação. Nesse sentido, realizou-se um experimento objetivando avaliar crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial da pitaya em função da intensidade luminosa e adubação orgânica. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, com tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 5 x 3, referentes, respectivamente, aos níveis de adubação orgânica (0; 5; 10; 20 e 30 L de esterco bovino cova-1) e aos percentuais de luz (0; 50 e 75% de sombreamento), com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados semanalmente diâmetro do cladódio (mm), altura de estacas (cm) e comprimento do ramo secundário (cm); ao final do experimento, massa fresca da parte aérea e massas secas de raiz e parte aérea (g), sendo que para as variáveis mensuradas, semanalmente, foram calculados os respectivos incrementos percentuais semanais. Segundo os resultados do presente trabalho, no cultivo da pitaya, é necessário o uso de cobertura contra a incidência direta dos raios solares, onde as estruturas com 50% ou 75% de luminosidade podem ser usadas. O fornecimento de 20 L cova-1 de esterco bovino pode ser adotado como quantitativo no preparo de covas de pitaya, nas condições de clima e solo de Bom Jesus-PI.Pitaya is a hemiepiphytic cactus native to tropical rainforests of Mexico and Central and South America little studied in Brazil especially in relation to light intensity and fertilizing. In this way, an experiment was realized in 2007 aiming to evaluate the initial growth and development as a function of light intensity and organic fertilizing. A complete randomized blocks design was adopted with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement 5 x 3 referring respectively to organic fertilizing levels (0, 5, 10, 20 e 30 L of bovine manure plant-1) and light percentage (0, 50 e 75% of shade), with four repetitions. Stem diameter, plant height and length of the secondary shoot were evaluated weekly, instead of shoot and root dry mass and shoot fresh mass were determined at the end of the experiment. For week variables, the respective week increases were measured. For pitaya cultivation it's necessary a covering system with nets and those with 50% or 75% of light intensity should be used. The dose of 20 L plant-1 of bovine manure could be adopted as a quantitative for preparation of pitaya caves under soil and climate conditions of Bom Jesus, Piaui State, Brazil

Crude extract and fractions from Eugenia uniflora Linn leaves showed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities

Abstract Background This study showed phytochemical composition and evaluates the anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of crude extract (CE) and fractions from E. uniflora Linn leaves. Methods Polyphenols present in crude extract (CE), in aqueous fraction (AqF), and ethyl acetate (EAF) treated fractions from E. uniflora Linn leaves were shown by chromatographic analysis in order to conduct a phytochemical characterization. Antibacterial activity was evaluated based on minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) determined using the agar dilution method. Doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of the CE and fractions were applied for conducting in vivo models (male Swiss mice, 8–10 weeks old). The peritonitis experimental model was induced by carrageenan following of Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), Total glutathione and malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-1β and TNF-α levels by spectroscopic UV/VIS analysis. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated based on an abdominal writhing model and hot plate test. The results were statistically evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test. The level of statistical significance was p < 0.05. Results High-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) detected varying concentrations of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and myricitrin in the CE and fractions obtained from E. uniflora Linn leaves (0.05–0.87%w/w, 0.20–0.32%w/w, and 1.71–6.56%w/w, respectively). In general, the CE had lower MIC values than the fractions, including the lowest MIC against the MRSA strain. The CE and AqF also significantly reduced leukocyte migration and MPO activity (p < 0.05). In addition, AqF significantly reduced IL-1β and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the CE and fractions exhibited an antioxidant effect (p < 0.05) and peripheral analgesic activity (p < 0.05). Conclusions The CE and fractions from the studied E. uniflora Linn leaves exhibited antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic activity in the performed assays