AMBER : a near infrared focal instrument for the VLTI

10 pagesInternational audienceAMBER is the General User near-infrared focal instrument of the Very Large Telescope interferometer. Its specifications are based on three key programs on Young Stellar Objects, Active Galactic Nuclei central regions, masses and spectra of hot Extra Solar Planets. It has an imaging capacity because it combines up to three beams and very high accuracy measurement are expected from the spatial filtering of beams by single mode fibers and the comparison of measurements made simultaneously in different spectral channels

Effet bénéfique de l utilisation preopératoire des statines lors de chirurgie de revascularisation coronarienne

Introduction : les statines ont démontré leur efficacité en prévention primaire et secondaire de la maladie coronarienne. Elles diminuent la morbi-mortalité en post-opératoire de chirurgie vasculaire majeure. Qu en est-il en post-opératoire de chirurgie coronarienne ? Matériel et méthodes : 594 patients consécutifs ayant reçu en préopératoire des statines ont été rétrospectivement comparés à 335 patients n en recevant pas, opérés d une chirurgie coronaire isolée non urgente entre 1999 et 2004. La principale donnée étudiée a été la mortalité hospitalière ajustée sur 3 scores de risque : EuroSCORE additif et logistique, score de Parsonnet. Résultats : l utilisation préopératoire de Statines est associée à une réduction de la mortalité en analyse univariée (0,67% vs 4,4%, p=0,003) ou stratifiée sur chacun des scores de gravité (mortalité divisée par 5, odds ratio à 0,2). Discussion : même si les patients sous statines sont moins graves, les statines entraînent une importante réduction de la mortalité hospitalière.Introduction : statins are efficient in primary and secondary prevention of coronary disease. It decreases morbi-mortality after vascular surgery. What about statins and CABG? Methods: 594 consecutive patients receiving preoperative statin therapy were retrospectively compared with 335 patients without preoperative statin therapy. Every patients underwent primary CABG surgery with cadiopulmonary bypass (surgery in emergency was excluded) between 1999 and 2004. The main issue was the in-hospital mortality adjusted to three severity scores : EuroSCORE additive and logistic and Parsonnet. Results : preoperative statin use is associated with a significant reduction of in-hospital mortality (0,67% vs 4,4%). The impact of statin persist when the mortality is adjusted to severity scores (odds ratio = 0,2). Discussion: even if patients receiving preoperative statin therapy are less severe, preoperative statin therapy is associated with reduction of in-hospital mortality.GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Tara Pacific metabarcoding sequencing (16S, 18S, ITS2) reference & replication tables version 1

data setThe tables in this dataset associate metabarcoding sequencing files generated by Genoscope (i.e. fastq.gz files with informative filename structures; with sequencing file pairs associated to unique &#39;readset&#39; identifiers; housed on their FTP server at www.genoscope.cns.fr/sadc/tarapacific/METABARCODING; with the &#39;METAB&#39; sequence strategy identifier as part of the sequencing file name) with their associated &#39;sample-id_source&#39; identifier; as detailed in the &#39;TARA-PACIFIC_samples-provenance&#39; file part of the &#39;Tara Pacific samples provenance and environmental context&#39; Zenodo publication (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4068292) part of the &#39;tarapacific&#39; Zenodo community). The main purpose of these tables is to act as a reference to identify samples (i.e., with a single &#39;sample-id_source&#39;) for which sequencing replication exists, per primer set (i.e., more than one set of fastq.gz sequencing files were generated, pre primer set). In the case of replication, these tables classify the replication into three classes color coded as green (same DNA extraction, same PCR, same sequencing run, different sequencing lane), yellow (same DNA extraction, same PCR, different sequencing run) and red (different DNA extraction and/or different PCR). It should be noted that in the vast majority of cases a &#39;sample-id_source&#39; associates to only one readset per primer set. For a full description of the dataset, please see the included README.</p

Sea surface temperature reconstruction in the Pacific Ocean using multi-elemental proxy in Porites and Diploastrea corals: Application to Palau Archipelago

International audienc

TARA Pacific Bleaching Prevalence of Sampling Sites (Islands)

data setSummary To obtain a proxy for the stress level of collected corals,&nbsp;we checked for previous occurrences of bleaching events at sampled reef sites by matching island GPS coordinates to the Reef Check dataset (reefcheck.org) obtained from Sully et al (2019). For each Tara Pacific island&nbsp;coordinate, we determined the Reef Check site that was closest (in terms of distance in km); we only considered Reef Check data that was within a 10 km circumference. We further determined short- and long-term climate variables that are known to affect coral stress resilience&nbsp;for all Tara Pacific collection sites that are available from Lombard et al (2022). These data allow to assess if corals from a given site were exposed higher/lower prevalence of thermal stress events and bleaching prior to sampling (over previous years). References Sully, S., Burkepile, D. E., Donovan, M. K., Hodgson, G. &amp; van Woesik, R. A global analysis of coral bleaching over the past two decades.&nbsp;Nature Communications&nbsp;10, 1264 (2019). Fabien Lombard, Guillaume Bourdin, Stephane Pesant, Sylvain Agostini, Alberto Baudena, Emilie Boissin, Nicolas Cassar, Megan Clampitt, Pascal Conan, Oph&eacute;lie Da Silva, Celine Dimier, Eric Douville, Amanda Elineau, Jonathan Fin, J. Michel Flores, Jean Fran&ccedil;ois Ghiglione, Benjamin C.C. Hume, Laetitia Jalabert, Seth G. John, Rachel L. Kelly, Ilan Koren, Yajuan Lin, Dominique Marie, Ryan McMinds, Zo&eacute; M&eacute;riguet, Nicolas Metzl, David A. Paz-Garc&iacute;a, Maria Luiza Pedrotti, Julie Poulain, Mireille Pujo-Pay, Josephine Ras, Gilles Reverdin, Sarah Romac, Eric R&ouml;ttinger, Assaf Vardi, Christian R. Voolstra, Cl&eacute;mentine Moulin, Guillaume Iwankow, Bernard Banaigs, Chris Bowler, Colomban de Vargas, Didier Forcioli, Paola Furla, Pierre E. Galand, Eric Gilson, St&eacute;phanie Reynaud, Shinichi Sunagawa, Olivier Thomas, Romain Troubl&eacute;, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Patrick Wincker, Didier Zoccola, Denis Allemand, Serge Planes, Emmanuel Boss, Gaby Gorsky.&nbsp;Open science resources from the Tara Pacific expedition across the surface ocean and coral reef ecosystems. Submitted (2022)</p

Multi-omics determination of metabolome diversity in natural coral populations in the Pacific Ocean

Coral reefs are considered one of the most emblematic ecosystems in our oceans, but their existence is increasingly threatened by climate change. In this study, natural populations of two reef-building coral genera, Pocillopora spp. and Porites spp., and one hydrocoral Millepora cf. platyphylla from two different marine provinces in the Pacific Ocean were investigated using a multi-omics approach as part of the Tara Pacific expedition. Here, we propose a standardised method consisting of a biphasic extraction method followed by metabolomics analysis using mass spectrometry for the lipidome and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance for hydrophilic metabolites. Our study assessed a broad range of the metabolome and is the first to identify and add 24 compounds by NMR and over 200 lipids by MS analyses for corals. Metabolic profiles were distinct among genera but not within genotypes of the cnidarian corals. Although endosymbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae are known to play a central role in the metabolomic signature of the coral holobiont, they did not account for all differences. This suggests that a combined effect by different members of the coral holobiont and an interaction with the environment might be at play. Our study provides foundational knowledge on the coral holobiont metabolome

Disparate genetic divergence patterns in three corals across a pan-Pacific environmental gradient highlight species-specific adaptation

Tropical coral reefs are among the most affected ecosystems by climate change and face increasing loss in the coming decades. Effective conservation strategies that maximize ecosystem resilience must be informed by the accurate characterization of extant genetic diversity and population structure together with an understanding of the adaptive potential of keystone species. Here we analyzed samples from the Tara Pacific Expedition (2016-2018) that completed an 18,000 km longitudinal transect of the Pacific Ocean sampling three widespread corals-Pocillopora meandrina, Porites lobata, and Millepora cf. platyphylla-across 33 sites from 11 islands. Using deep metagenomic sequencing of 269 colonies in conjunction with morphological analyses and climate variability data, we can show that despite a targeted sampling the transect encompasses multiple cryptic species. These species exhibit disparate biogeographic patterns and, most importantly, distinct evolutionary patterns in identical environmental regimes. Our findings demonstrate on a basin scale that evolutionary trajectories are species-specific and can only in part be predicted from the environment. This highlights that conservation strategies must integrate multi-species investigations to discern the distinct genomic footprints shaped by selection as well as the genetic potential for adaptive change