212 research outputs found
The stone adze and obsidian assemblage from the Talasiu site, Kingdom of Tonga
Typological and geochemical analyses of stone adzes and other stone tools have played a significant role in identifying directionality of colonisation movements in early migratory events in the Western Pacific. In later phases of Polynesian prehistory, stone adzes are important status goods which show substantial spatial and temporal variation. However, there is a debate when standardisation of form and manufacture appeared, whether it can be seen in earliest populations colonising the Pacific or whether it is a later development. We present in this paper a stone adze and obsidian tool assemblage from an early Ancestral Polynesian Society Talasiu site on Tongatapu, Kingdom of Tonga. The site shows a wide variety of adze types; however, if raw material origin is taken into account, emerging standardisation in adze form might be detected. We also show that Tongatapu was strongly connected in a network of interaction to islands to the North, particularly Samoa, suggesting that these islands had permanent populations
Search for Extra Dimensions in Boson and Fermion Pair Production in e+e- Interactions at LEP
Extra spatial dimensions are proposed by recent theories that postulate the
scale of gravity to be of the same order as the electroweak scale. A sizeable
interaction between gravitons and Standard Model particles is then predicted.
Effects of these new interactions in boson and fermion pair production are
searched for in the data sample collected at centre-of-mass energies above the
Z pole by the L3 detector at LEP. In addition, the direct production of a
graviton associated with a Z boson is investigated. No statistically
significant hints for the existence of these effects are found and lower limits
in excess of 1 TeV are derived on the scale of this new theory of gravity
Measurement of the Probability of Gluon Splitting into Charmed Quarks in Hadronic Z Decays
We have measured the probability, n(g->cc~), of a gluon splitting into a
charm-quark pair using 1.7 million hadronic Z decays collected by the L3
detector. Two independent methods have been applied to events with a three-jet
topology. One method relies on tagging charmed hadrons by identifying a lepton
in the lowest energy jet. The other method uses a neural network based on
global event shape parameters. Combining both methods, we measure n(g->cc~)=
[2.45 +/- 0.29 +/- 0.53]%
Measurement of Hadron and Lepton-Pair Production at 130GeV < \sqrt{s} < 189 GeV at LEP
We report on measurements of e+e- annihilation into hadrons and lepton pairs.
The data have been collected with the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass
energies between 130 and 189 GeV. Using a total integrated luminosity of 243.7
pb^-1, 25864 hadronic and 8573 lepton-pair events are selected for the
measurement of cross sections and leptonic forward-backward asymmetries. The
results are in good agreement with Standard Model predictions
Measurement of Triple-Gauge-Boson Couplings of the W Boson at LEP
We report on measurements of the triple-gauge-boson couplings of the W boson
in e+e- collisions with the L3 detector at LEP. W-pair, single-W and
single-photon events are analysed in a data sample corresponding to a total
luminosity of 76.7 pb^{-1} collected at centre-of-mass energies between 161 GeV
and 183 GeV. CP-conserving as well as both C- and P-conserving
triple-gauge-boson couplings are determined. The results, in good agreement
with the Standard-Model expectations, confirm the existence of the self
coupling among the electroweak gauge bosons and constrain its structure
Search for Heavy Neutral and Charged Leptons in ee Annihilation at = 183 and 189 GeV
A search for unstable neutral and charged heavy leptons as well as for stable
charged heavy leptons is performed at center-of-mass energies = 183
and 189 GeV with the L3 detector at LEP. No evidence for their existence is
found. We exclude neutral heavy leptons which couple to the electron, muon or
tau family, of the Dirac type for masses below 92.4, 93.3 and 83.3 GeV, and of
the Majorana type for masses below 81.8, 84.1 and 73.5 GeV, respectively. We
exclude unstable charged heavy leptons for masses below 93.9 GeV for a wide
range of the associated neutral heavy lepton mass. If the unstable charged
heavy lepton decays to a light neutrino, we exclude masses below 92.4 GeV. The
production of stable charged heavy leptons with mass less than 93.5 GeV is also
excluded
An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics
For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types
Measurement of an Elongation of the Pion Source in Z Decays
We measure Bose-Einstein correlations between like-sign charged pion pairs in
hadronic Z decays with the L3 detector at LEP. The analysis is performed in
three dimensions in the longitudinal center-of-mass system. The pion source is
found to be elongated along the thrust axis with a ratio of transverse to
longitudinal radius of
Measurement of the Spectroscopy of Orbitally Excited B Mesons at LEP
We measure the masses, decay widths and relative production rate of orbitally
excited B mesons using 1.25 million hadronic Z decays recorded by the L3
detector. B-meson candidates are inclusively reconstructed and combined with
charged pions produced at the primary event vertex. An excess of events above
the expected background in the B\pi mass spectrum in the region 5.6-5.8 GeV is
interpreted as resulting from the decay B_u,d^** -> B^(*)\pi, where B_u,d^**
denotes a mixture of l=1 B-meson states containing a u or a d quark. A fit to
the mass spectrum yields the masses and decay widths of the B_1^* and B_2^*
spin states, as well as the branching fraction for the combination of l=1
states. In addition, evidence is presented for the existence of an excited
B-meson state or mixture of states in the region 5.9-6.0 GeV
Search for Heavy Isosinglet Neutrinos in ee Annihilation at 130189 GeV
A search for heavy neutrinos that are isosinglets under the standard
gauge group is made at center-of-mass energies 130 189
GeV with the L3 detector at LEP. Such heavy neutrinos are expected in many
extensions of the Standard Model. The search is performed for the first
generation heavy singlet neutrino, , through the decay mode
. We set upper limits on the mixing
parameter between the heavy and light neutrino for the heavy neutrino mass
range from 80 GeV to 185 GeV
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