Analysis of disaggregation techiques applied to satellite images for the estimation of surface termal parameters at different scales

During the last years, both the technological development and the greater availability of geospatial information have led to the emergence of new application areas for remote sensing techniques. This is also relevant in the case of thermal remote sensing. Applications such as crop tracking require a greater availability of thermal information with spatial resolutions appropriate for a more local level scope. However, and despite the increasing availability of remote sensing products that have appeared and are expected to appear in the coming years, thermal infrared data continue to be available at lower spatial resolutions than the visible and nearinfrared data. Numerous authors have developed or tested methods to extract information at the sub-pixel level by using complementary remote sensing products with suitable results for using in applications at higher scales. Most of these methods are based on correlations between some vegetation indexes, such as NDVI, and radiative temperatures for a given cover. They are based on traditional mathematical models, such as linear or quadratic regression. Despite newer analysis tools like Support Vector Machines (SVM) or Neural Networks (NN) have become relevant in the last decade, their application on thermal remote sensing is in an relatively early stage of research and the use of traditional methods remains nowadays. The objective of this study is carrying out a comparison of these methods. A downscaling process from a MODIS temperature product scene has been developed using different methodologies. The results have been evaluated using “in situ” (ground-truth) temperature measurements showing an estimate of the accuracy and the potential of two different techniques

Physics demos for all UVEG degrees: a unique project in Spain

The Physics Demo Project at the University of Valencia (www.uv.es/fisicademos) has developed a collection of physics demonstrations to be used during lectures. It consists of more than 130 experimental demos about different physics topics. More than 30 professors borrow them whenever they lecture on physics in any of our 40 courses in 17 different science or technical degrees, involving 246 ECTS and more than 3500 students. Each demo kit with a simple experimental set displays a particular physics phenomenon. An on-line user guide highlights the main physics principles involved, instructions on how to use it and advices of how to link it to the theoretical concepts or to technical applications. Demo lectures (and collections) are a usual and widespread practice in many countries but not in Spain. This unique initiative aims at the recovery of this practice by involving a growing collaborative team of users and with the aid of educational innovation projects. Here we explain the project content, organization and recent developments. Our experience, together with the positive students comments, allows us to draw the following conclusions: demos introduce the real sensible world in the lecture hall, providing the necessary link between concepts and everyday life, and becoming, again, something more than "chalk and talk"

Desarrollo de una ecuación operativa para el cartografiado de la emisividad

Basándose en el Método de la Cobertura Vegetal, desarrollado por Valor y Caselles (1996), se propone una expresión operativa para el cartografiado de la emisividad de la superficie terrestre. Esta ecuación fue validada para tres sensores diferentes (AVHRR, TM y DAIS) y cuatro zonas experimentales distintas (Turco en Bolivia, Barrax en Albacete, Bunyol en Valencia y Alpilles en Francia); obteniéndose un error de estimación de la emisividad de (0,011 para la región espectral 10,5-12,5 µm y de (0,02 para la banda 8-9 µm. Estos resultados confirman la efectividad del Método de la Cobertura Vegetal a la vez que establecen el límite superior de su error

Análisis comparativo de las ventanas espectrales 8-9um y 10'5-12'5um para la determinación precisa de la temperatura

Hasta ahora se ha utilizado la región espectral de 10,5-12,5 µm para determinar la temperatura de la superficie terrestre mediante el método de split-window. Sin embargo, una posible alternativa podría ser la banda 8-9 µm. En este trabajo se comparan ambas posibilidades, utilizando para ello datos del sensor aerotransportado TIMS, tomados en el marco del proyecto HAPEXSahel. Los resultados confirman que la región óptima para la aplicación del método de split-window es la de 10,5-12,5 µm

A Tetranuclear Ni(II)-Cubane Cluster Molecule Build by Four µ3-O-Methanolate (MeO) Ligands, Externally Cohesive by Four Unprecedented Bridging µ2-N7,O6-Acyclovirate (acv-H) Anions

Metal ion interactions with nuclei acids and their constituents represent a multi-faceted and growing research field. This contribution deals with molecular recognition between synthetic purine 17 nucleosides and first-row transition metal complexes, with O- and/or N-amino chelators which are able to 18 engage in intra-molecular N-H···(N or O) and O-H···(N or O) interligand interactions. Crystals of these complexes can also display inter-molecular aromatic π-stacking and/or other non-conventional interactions. In this manuscript, we used 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol (2aee) as a potential N,O(e),O(ol)-chelator for nickel(II). However, unexpectedly, the reaction between NiCl, acyclovir (acv), and 2aee in methanol afforded parallelepiped apple-green crystals of [Ni(acv-H)(MeO)(HO)]·8HO, (1) a tetranuclear molecule with an equimolar Ni(II):µ-methanolate(1-):µ-N7,O6-acyclovirate(1-) (acv-H) ratio. The µ-N7,O6-(acv-H) metal-binding pattern (MBP) is unprecedented in terms of both its anionic and bridging roles. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure as well as thermogravimetric analysis and the (FT-IR +Vis-UV) spectra of 1 are reported. Theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to analyse the antiparallel π-stacking interactions that govern the formation of self-assembled dimers in the solid state.his research was funded by MICINN of Spain (project PGC2018-102047-B-I00), MICIU/AEI of Spain (project PID2020-115637GB-I00, FEDER), Project B-FQM-478-UGR20 (FEDER-Universidad de Granada, Spain) and the Research groups FQM-283 and FQM-243 (Junta de Andalucía, Spain)

Iron III and aluminium III complexes with substituted salicyl-aldehydes and salicylic acids

The chelating properties toward ironIII and aluminium III of variously substituted salicyl-aldehydes and salicylic acids have been evaluated, together with the effect of methoxy and nitro substituents in ortho and para position with respect to the phenolic group. The protonation and iron and aluminium complex formation equilibria have been studied by potentiometry, UV-visible spectrophotometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The overall results highlight that salicyl-aldehydes present good chelating properties toward ironIII, with pFe ranging from 14.2 with nitro to 15.7 with methoxy substituent, being ineffective toward aluminium; the pFe values for salicylic acids are generally lower than those for salicyl-aldehydes, and about 4 units higher than the corresponding pAl values. The effect of the two substituents on the chelating properties of the ligands can be rationalized in terms of the Swain-Lupton treatment which accounts for the field and resonance effects. The structural characterization of the 1:2 iron complex with p-nitro salicylic acid shows that ironIII ion exhibits an octahedral surrounding where two salicylate chelating ligands supply two O-phenolate and two O-carboxylate donor atoms in a roughly equatorial plane. The trans-apical sites are occupied by two aqua ligands

Report of a Vegetables Network: Third meeting, 10-12 November 2009, Catania, Italy

The Third Meeting of the ECPGR Vegetables Network was hosted by the University of Catania in Sicily, Italy, on 10-12 November 2009. About 60 representatives of the six ECPGR Vegetables Working Groups (WGs) gathered from 30 countries to discuss about cooperative action for vegetable genetic resources conservation and use. The main focus of the meeting was on the initiative for “A European Genebank Integrated System” (AEGIS). The general concepts of AEGIS – the Strategic Framework, the Memorandum of Understanding, the Most Appropriate Accessions (MAAs) and A Quality Management System for AEGIS (AQUAS) – were presented and discussed. All WGs intend to make progress in the implementation of AEGIS and this requires quality data in the databases. Therefore, efforts will be made to complete the Central Crop Databases as well as include missing data into EURISCO. Efforts to identify MAAs will focus, as a priority, on leek and wild alliums, lettuce and spinach, carrot, melon, Brassica rapa and various Solanaceae crops. A general consensus was expressed by the group about the principles of AQUAS, and the need to reach pragmatic solutions when it comes to defining common standards. Activities specific to each WG were also presented

Selection and breeding of tomato for organic conditions

[EN] One of the main aims of the H2020 Framework Programme BRESOV project is the development of tomato materials specifically adapted to organic agriculture. Germplasm of potential interest for organic agriculture was assembled in a core collection (CC; 233 accessions) for pre-breeding, and in a breeding set (BS; 217 accessions) for selection and breeding. Both the CC and BS have been characterized for multiple morphological, agronomic, and quality traits under organic conditions in Italy and Spain. Also, the CC and BS, and a collection of EMS mutants have been characterized for tolerance to drought and high temperature. A wide diversity was found in the materials for most traits. Most of the cultivated tomato materials of the CC and BS were also genotyped using the high-throughput ddRAD sequencing technique revealing a high genetic diversity in the collection and allowing the detection of candidate genes and associations for relevant traits under organic conditions. The screening of BS for several diseases (Phytophthora, Fusarium, TSWV, ToMV) has allowed the identification of new sources of tolerance and resistance. A selected set of materials has been screened both in Italy and in Spain under control, drought and low N fertilization conditions, and resilient materials under these conditions have been identified. Hybrids obtained between selected materials has allowed the identification of promising hybrids heterotic for yield and with high fruit quality. In addition, several backcross programmes have been undertaken in order to introduce resistance to several diseases, and advanced backcrosses with introgressed resistances have been obtained. New intraspecific and interspecific hybrids have been developed and tested as rootstocks. Some of them outperformed control rootstocks commonly used for grafting tomato. The new improved tomato materials specifically selected for organic conditions can have a dramatic impact in the production of organically grown tomato.This research has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 774244 (BRESOV project).Prohens Tomás, J.; Soler Aleixandre, S.; Tripodi, P.; Campanelli, G.; Sestili, S.; Figás-Moreno, MDR.; Casanova-Calancha, C.... (2022). Selection and breeding of tomato for organic conditions. Acta Horticulturae. 1354:95-103. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1354.1395103135