442 research outputs found
Strangeness â from fear to fascination:or: the sunny side of strangeness
Abstract. Xenophobic tendencies have been observed in Germany, which are mainly directed against immigrants from Muslim countries. Still, many Germans are attracted to countries in the Near and Middle East as travel destinations.
How does the perception of strangeness differ in everyday life and on holiday and which situational conditions on holiday can favor a reverse attitude of German tourists towards people from countries of the Near and Middle East? An answer to these questions not only gives conclusions about the social order and reality of Germans but also points out how intercultural sensitivity could be strengthened in their everyday life.
To better understand the ambivalent perception of strangeness in the different situations, German tourists were consulted about their intercultural experiences in qualitative in-depth interviews. The interviewees were acquired through a quantitative study conducted in advance and selected according to their answers regarding their travel behavior and political attitudes towards migrants from countries of the Near and Middle East.
Encounters play a central role in the perception of strangeness, as they create relationships between strangers. In everyday life, there are hardly any points of contact and therefore interaction between Germans and immigrants. A lack of understanding and insecurity characterize the handling and lead to prejudices, which in turn end in avoidance of encounters with immigrants. Holiday experiences at least enable experiences of foreignness. Therefore, the way in which experiences of strangeness take place on vacation is important. The generated images and experiences with foreigners on vacation can also influence the way strangeness is dealt with in everyday life
Evidence for the Galactic X-ray Bulge II
A mosaic of 5 \ros~PSPC pointed observations in the Galactic plane
() reveals X-ray shadows in the keV band cast by
distant molecular clouds. The observed on-cloud and off-cloud X-ray fluxes
indicate that % and % of the diffuse X-ray background in this
direction in the \tq~keV and 1.5 keV bands, respectively, originates behind the
molecular gas which is located at 3 kpc from the Sun. The implication of
the derived background X-ray flux beyond the absorbing molecular cloud is
consistent with, and lends further support to recent observations of a Galactic
X-ray bulge.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Effect of remobinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on leukopenia in AIDS
Absorption of femtosecond laser pulses in high-density plasma.
The absorption of 250-fs KrF laser pulses incident on solid targets of aluminum and gold has been measured as a function of polarization and angle of incidence for the intensity range of 1014â2.5Ă1015 W cmâ2. Maximum absorption of over 60% occurs for p-polarized radiation at angles of incidence in the range of 48°â57°. The measured results are in agreement with absorption on a steep density gradient
Forever Young: High Chromospheric Activity in M subdwarfs
We present spectroscopic observations of two halo M subdwarfs which have H
alpha emission lines. We show that in both cases close companions are the most
likely cause of the chromospheric activity in these old, metal-poor stars. We
argue that Gl 781 A's unseen companion is most likely a cool helium white
dwarf. Gl 455 is a near-equal-mass M subdwarf (sdM) system. Gl 781 A is rapidly
rotating with v sin i = 30 km/s. The properties of the chromospheres and X-ray
coronae of these systems are compared to M dwarfs with emission (dMe). The
X-ray hardness ratios and optical chromospheric lines emission ratios are
consistent with those seen in dMe stars. Comparison to active near-solar
metallicity stars indicates that despite their low metallicity ([m/H] = -1/2),
the sdMe stars are roughly as active in both X-rays and chromospheric emission.
Measured by L_X/L_bol, the activity level of Gl 781 A is no more than a factor
of 2.5 subluminous with respect to near-solar metallicity stars.Comment: 16 pages including 1 figure, AASTeX, to appear in May 1998 A.
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Magnetoelastic coupling and ferromagnetic-type in-gap spin excitations in multiferroic α-Cu2V2O7
We investigate magnetoelectric coupling and low-energy magnetic excitations in multiferroic α-Cu2V2O7 by detailed thermal expansion, magnetostriction, specific heat and magnetization measurements in magnetic fields up to 15 T and by high-field/high-frequency electron spin resonance studies. Our data show negative thermal expansion in the temperature range â€200 K under study. Well-developed anomalies associated with the onset of multiferroic order (canted antiferromagnetism with a significant magnetic moment and ferroelectricity) imply pronounced coupling to the structure. We detect anomalous entropy changes in the temperature regime up to âŒ80 K which significantly exceed the spin entropy. Failure of GrĂŒneisen scaling further confirms that several dominant ordering phenomena are concomitantly driving the multiferroic order. By applying external magnetic fields, anomalies in the thermal expansion and in the magnetization are separated. Noteworthy, the data clearly imply the development of a canted magnetic moment at temperatures above the structural anomaly. Low-field magnetostriction supports the scenario of exchange-striction driven multiferroicity. We observe low-energy magnetic excitations well below the antiferromagnetic gap, i.e., a ferromagnetic-type resonance branch associated with the canted magnetic moment arising from Dzyaloshinsii-Moriya (DM) interactions. The anisotropy parameter meV indicates a sizeable ratio of DM- and isotropic magnetic exchange
Quiescent and flare analysis for the chromospherically active star Gl355 (LQHya)
We discuss ROSAT and ASCA observations of the young active star Gl355}.
During the ROSAT observation a strong flare was detected with a peak flux more
than an order of magnitude larger than the quiescent level. Spectral analysis
of the data allows us to study the temperature and emission measure
distribution, and the coronal metal abundance, for the quiescent phase and, in
the case of ROSAT, also during the evolution of the flare. The global coronal
metallicity derived from both ROSAT and ASCA data is
much lower than solar and presumably also much lower than the photospheric
abundance expected for this very young star. The temperature structure of the
quiescent corona was about the same during the various observations, with a
cooler component at MK and a hotter component (to which only ASCA
was sensitive) at MK. During the flare, the low temperature
component remained approximately constant and equal to the quiescent value,
while the high-temperature component was the only one that varied. We have
modeled the flare with the hydrodynamic-decay sustained-heating approach of
Reale at al. (1997) and we have derived a loop semi--length of the order of
stellar radii, i.e. much larger than the dimensions of flares on the
Sun, but comparable with the typical dimensions inferred for other stellar
flares. We have compared the derived loop size with that estimated with a
simpler (but physically inconsistent) approach, finding that for this, as well
for several other stellar flares, the two methods give comparable loop sizes.
Possible causes and consequences of this result are discussed.Comment: A&A, in pres
ASCA Observation of an "X-ray Shadow" in the Galactic Plane
The diffuse X-ray background (DXB) emission near the Galactic plane () has been observed with . The observed
region is toward a Galactic molecular cloud which was recently reported to cast
a deep X-ray shadow in the 0.5 2.0 keV band DXB. The selection of this
particular region is intended to provide a constraint on the spatial
distribution of the DXB emission along the line of sight: i.e., the molecular
cloud is optically thick at 2 keV and so the bulk of the observed soft
X-rays {\it must} originate in the foreground of the cloud, which is at 3
kpc from the Sun. In the 0.8 9.0 keV band, the observed spectrum is
primarily from multiple components of thermal plasmas. We here report a
detection of soft X-ray (0.5 2 keV) emission from an K thermal
plasma. Comparisons with the {\it ROSAT} data suggest that this soft X-ray
emission is absorbed by = 1 3 10 cm, which
implies a path-length through the soft X-ray emitting regions of \la1 kpc
from the Sun.Comment: 24 pages including 8 figures, accepted for Ap
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