Reclamation of Dye Affected Soil at Tirupur Region by Using Vermitechnology, South India

Soil from the dye affected area is taken for various analysis. Similarly soil from the fertile land is also taken for analysis in the same region. Most of the soils polluted by heavy metals can be reclaimed using a number of expensive tactics that either remove the contaminants or stabilize them within the soil .To analyze the parameters such as soil pH, temperature, soil fungal, bacterial and actinomycetes population of both the samples. Find out what are the metals present in the soil samples. Apply vermicompost to the dye affected soil for reclamation. Again we should analyze soil pH, temperature, fungal, bacterial and actinomycetes population of both the soil samples .The results are discussed with the literature.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------V. Prabhu, M. Ishwarya, S.R. Kayalvizhi, R. Hariprakash, and V. Balakrishnan*Department of Biotechnology, K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637 215, Tamilnadu, India*Corresponding Author, Email: [email protected] Please Cite This Article As:  V. Prabhu, M. Ishwarya, S.R. Kayalvizhi, R. Hariprakash, and V. Balakrishnan. 2010. Reclamation of Dye Affected Soil at Tirupur Region by Using Vermitechnology, South India. J. Ecobiotechnol. 2(4):16-21. Â

Behaviour of Consistency Limit on Stabilized Soil in Effect to Temperature Changes

Soil engineering properties are usually determined in a laboratory setting at room temperature of 270C. Seasonal changes, which is mainly the alteration in thermal condition in surrounding soil, causes reasonable concern about the nature and magnitude of temperature changes which influences soil engineering properties. The particle size distribution, consistency limit, strength, mineralogy, and permeability of the soil are all accompanied by rise in temperature. In clayey soils, as the temperature rises, the average particle size increases as a result of agglomeration and cementation of the clay particles. In this paper, an attempt is made to study the change in temperature which directly influences the consistency limit of clayey soil stabilized with Lime and Rice husk ash at different proportions

Immune indices and identical functions of two prophenoloxidases from the haemolymph of green tiger shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus and its antibiofilm activity

In the present study, we purified two prophenoloxidases (proPO) from haemolymph of green tigershrimp,Penaeus semisulcatusby gel fermentation chromatography using blue Sepharose matrix. The twopurified prophenoloxidase macromolecules are of about 76 and 75 kDa determined through SDS-PAGEand named asPenaeus semisulcatusprophenoloxidase I (PSproPO I) andPenaeus semisulcatusproph-enoloxidase II (PSproPO II). It was further characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier TransformInfrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Circular Dichroism (CD) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC) analysis. The purified PSproPO I and PSproPO II showed the strongest agglutination titre againsthuman erythrocytes compared to goat RBC. The PSproPO I and PSproPO II showed phagocytic activityagainst yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand encapsulation activity against Sepharose CL 6B beadscompared to CM Sepharose and Sodium alginate beads. The functional analysis of purified PSproPO I andPSproPO II showed enhanced PO activity when added with the triggering molecules such as pathogenassociated molecular patterns (PAMPs), metals and chemicals. In addition, eluted fraction containingPSproPO I and PSproPO II showed antibiofilm activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.The above results concluded that no significant differences were found between the purified PSproPO Iand PSproPO II immune indices and functions. This study might provide a sensitive platform to under-stand more about the critical roles of PSproPO I and PSproPO II in crustacean immune syste

Multiple Genome Wide Association Mapping Models Identify Quantitative Trait Nucleotides for Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) Resistance in MAGIC Indica Population of Rice

Brown planthopper (BPH), one of the most important pests of the rice (Oryza sativa) crop, becomes catastrophic under severe infestations and causes up to 60% yield loss. The highly disastrous BPH biotype in the Indian sub-continent is Biotype 4, which also known as the South Asian Biotype. Though many resistance genes were mapped until now, the utility of the resistance genes in the breeding programs is limited due to the breakdown of resistance and emergence of new biotypes. Hence, to identify the resistance genes for this economically important pest, we have used a multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) panel consisting of 391 lines developed from eight indica founder parents. The panel was phenotyped at the controlled conditions for two consecutive years. A set of 27,041 cured polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and across-year phenotypic data were used for the identification of marker–trait associations. Genome-wide association analysis was performed to find out consistent associations by employing four single and two multi-locus models. Sixty-one SNPs were consistently detected by all six models. A set of 190 significant marker-associations identified by fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) were considered for searching resistance candidate genes. The highest number of annotated genes were found in chromosome 6 followed by 5 and 1. Ninety-two annotated genes identified across chromosomes of which 13 genes are associated BPH resistance including NB-ARC (nucleotide binding in APAF-1, R gene products, and CED-4) domain-containing protein, NHL repeat-containing protein, LRR containing protein, and WRKY70. The significant SNPs and resistant lines identified from our study could be used for an accelerated breeding program to develop new BPH resistant cultivars

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND CYTOTOXICITY POTENTIALS OF THE RHIZOME EXTRACT OF DRYNARIA QUERCIFOLIA (L.) J. SMITH

Objective: In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic and cytotoxic potentials of the rhizome extract of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Smith. Methods: In vitro antidiabetic activity was determined by two different assays such as alpha-amylase inhibition assay and glucose uptake assay. The plant extract with three different concentrations was used for this assay. L6 rat myogenic cells were selected and subjected to glucose uptake assay. The cytotoxic activity of the different concentrations of the plant extract on HepG2 cell line was also investigated in vitro through 3-(4,5, dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: The findings of the study provide evidence that the rhizome extract of D. quercifolia possesses significant anti-diabetic activity. In MTT assay, the significant cytotoxic effect of plant extract was observed by measuring the percentage of cell viability on the HepG2 cell line. Conclusion: The findings indicated that rhizome extracts of D. quercifolia have potential as a medicinal drug against diabetes mellitus (DM) and liver cancer. Further, studies with in vivo and clinical trials need to be conducted to establish rhizome extract as a safe agent for DM and liver cancer therapy

Modulation of maintenance immunosuppression during infection in renal transplant recipients

Infection occurs commonly after renal transplantation, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Infections are commonly associated with changes in the white blood cell count; however, it may be masked in the background of immunosuppression. Immunosuppression modulation during infection is crucial, keeping in mind, the risk of rejection on the one hand and risk of severe infection and mortality on the other hand. Idea about timeline of infection after renal transplantation in a particular geographical area is helpful in management of infection. The approach to modulate immunosuppressive agents will vary depending on the severity of infection. Many infections require specific anti-infective agents which may have significant drug interaction with immunosuppressive agents. It may also necessitate stoppage of immunosuppression either temporarily or permanently in severe infections to salvage the life of the patient

ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF MARINE BACTERIAL ISOLATES AGAINST CLINICAL PATHOGENS

Objective: The marine organism produce a large array of metabolites with relevants in drug discovery, these metabolites have biological activity such as antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumor. The present study was undertaken to isolate marine bacteria from the marine soil sample and were tested against clinical pathogens. Methods: The soil sample were collected in a sterile plastic sachet. The isolates were enumerated using the spread plate technique in Zobell marine agar. The ten isolated marine bacteria were tested against six clinical pathogens by the point inoculation method and agar well diffusion method. Results: Among ten bacterial isolates M5 exhibited a maximum antibacterial activity and it was identified as Pseudomonas japonica by 16S rRNA sequencing. Conclusion: It can be concluded that isolation of Marine bacterial samples can offer a numbers of microbial strains for sources of new biomolecules from Marine sources

Effect of cardioprotective polyherbal formulation on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in experimental animals

357-364Cardiovascular disease (CVD), with annual mortality of 17.5 million people, 31% of all deaths worldwide, is reported to be the World’s leading cause of death. More than 75% of CVD deaths occur in low and middle income countries. In India, the prevalence of CVD is 7-13%.The increased risk is due to multiple risk factors with the lifestyle. Herbs are known to have potential benefits against CVD. In this study, we explored the cardioprotective effect of polyherbal formulation on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in male Wistar rats. The Polyherbal formulation was prepared using 6 different plant samples that includes Allium sativum (pulp), Androgaphis paniculata (leaves), Boerhavia diffusa (leaves), Moringa oleifera (bark), Piper betle (leaves), Piper longum (seed). The quantitative analysis of phytochemicals revelead the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrates, triterpenoids and phytosterols in CPHF. 100, 250, 500 mg/kg of body wt of CPHF was administered orally to complete the acute toxicity studies. The activity of liver enzymes in serum sample was analyzed and found to be non-toxic with maximum dosage. The cardio protective study was carried out by administering 250 mg/kg of body wt. of the CPHF in the experimental rats for 30 days. After the study period, serum sample was collected for biochemical analysis like cholesterol, free fatty acids, and triglycerides. The activity of cardiac marker enzymes like AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, CK, and CK-MB were also analyzed. The level of cholesterol, LDL, Triglycerides and cardiac marker enzymes activity in treated groups were found to be decreased as compared with the control group rats. The histopathological observations of heart tissue have also confirmed the cardioprotective role of CPHF