PENGALAMAN GAME YANG MENYENANGKAN UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI TIPE DUNIA METAVERSE SEBAGAI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN YANG INOVATIF

Metaverse aims to turn imagination into reality through the convergence of different technologies and should be seen as a means of lifelong learning that is not limited in space and time. The aim of this research is to identify the type of world in the metaverse to provide a pleasant user experience. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. In this study, the data collection method used is the study of documentation and literature. Literature study is carried out by searching for various written sources, both in the form of books, archives, magazines, articles, and journals, as well as documents that can assist writers in exploring the types of games in the virtual metaverse world that support online learning. The results of this study can be used by educators to create an innovative learning environment, so that it can provide equal learning opportunities for all students

Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Batu Bata Merah dengan Memanfaatkan Limbah Abu Serat Sabut Kelapa dan Abu Serbuk Gergaji

Perindustrian produk batu bata merah metode tradisional masih banyak terdapat batu bata merah yang mudah retak, dikarnakan kontruksi tanah setiap daerah berbeda-beda. Sehingga produk yang retak atau pecah tidak dapat di pasarkan, untuk itu perlu ditingkatkan kualitas produks batu bata merah metode tradisional dengan memanfaatkan material limbah abu serat sabut kelapa dan abu serbuk gergaji.Persentase rasio campuran eksperimen yang digunakan yaitu 2,5 %, 5%, dan 10% dari berat tanah liat yang digunakan, dari persentase tersebut juga dapat menurunkan biaya produksi (Low Cost Production). Untuk uji kuat tekan yang digunakan menggunakan tipe kelas 25 yaitu 2,5 Mpa. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah pengujian kuat tekan terdapat pada campuran rasio 2,5% campuran material limbah serbuk gergaji dengan kuat tekan 2,7 Mpa dan tanah liat murni 2,09 Mpa. Kata Kunci: Kualitas Produk, Kuat Tekan, Low Cost Productio

Membuat Pixel Art Menggunakan Learning Vector Quantization

Pixel art didesain untuk banyak kepentingan dalam merepresentasikan wujud real life look seni visual artefak kontemporer. Pixel art adalah kratifitas seni membangun gambar dari unit kecil berwarna yang disebut dengan piksel, dari sebuah citra digital. Melukis pixel art pada bidang tulis digital dengan komposisi lukisan yang kompleks memiliki beberapa tantangan yang serius. Permasalahannya adalah penggunaan warna dalam pixel painting mengandung prasyarat bahwa pixel diisi degan warna yang penuh, mampu menggambarkan warna transisi serta dapat menunjukan corak warna terang dan gelap. Dari pemahaman ini, dipandang penting untuk membuat suatu metode melukis pixel art alternatif. Berperan sebagai kanvas digital, bidang citra diterjemahkan kedalam painting surface yang berkorespondensi terhadap nilai panjang dan lebar citra sedangkan kuantitas satuan piksel yang memaknai ruang data spasial dan warna adalah sebagai kuas maya. Goresan tinta diproduksi melalui serangkaian olah matematis dengan pendekatan vector quantization untuk diajarkan agar mampu merepresentasikan wujud citra alami yang realisitis. Penelitian ini menunjukan keberhasilan pengorganisasian parameter kedekatan jarak antara piksel dan kelas utamanya pada nilai 0.5 satuan piksel sebagai ruang optimum sehingga voronoi area dapat tercipta dengan baik. Sebagai bahan uji kulifikasi disediakan sejumlah citra pixel art yang berhasil ditransformasikan dengan baik berdasarkan hasil evaluasi area yang tersegmentasi lebih artistis ketika codebook yang disebarkan adalah proporsional dengan jumlah objek pixel art. Sehingga ikhtisar untuk mendapatkan corak pixel art dengan vector quantization adalah dengan memastikan jumlah codebook yang disebar berdasarkan referensi pola informasi spasial dan warna objek citra

Time-aging time-stress superposition in soft glass under tensile deformation field

We have studied the tensile deformation behaviour of thin films of aging aqueous suspension of Laponite, a model soft glassy material, when subjected to a creep flow field generated by a constant engineering normal stress. Aqueous suspension of Laponite demonstrates aging behaviour wherein it undergoes time dependent enhancement of its elastic modulus as well as its characteristic relaxation time. However, under application of the normal stress, the rate of aging decreases and in the limit of high stress, the aging stops with the suspension now undergoing a plastic deformation. Overall, it is observed that the aging that occurs over short creep times at small normal stresses is same as the aging that occurs over long creep times at large normal stresses. This observation allows us to suggest an aging time - process time - normal stress superposition principle, which can predict rheological behaviour at longer times by carrying out short time tests.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures, To appear in Rheologica Act

Status, sources and contamination levels of organochlorine pesticide residues in urban and agricultural areas: a preliminary review in central–southern Italian soils

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are synthetic chemicals commonly used in agricultural activities to kill pests and are persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They can be detected in different environmental media, but soil is considered an important reservoir due to its retention capacity. Many different types of OCPs exist, which can have different origins and pathways in the environment. It is therefore important to study their distribution and behaviour in the environment, starting to build a picture of the potential human health risk in different contexts. This study aimed at investigating the regional distribution, possible sources and contamination levels of 24 OCP compounds in urban and rural soils from central and southern Italy. One hundred and forty-eight topsoil samples (0–20 cm top layer) from 78 urban and 70 rural areas in 11 administrative regions were collected and analysed by gas chromatography–electron capture detector (GC–ECD). Total OCP residues in soils ranged from nd (no detected) to 1043 ng/g with a mean of 29.91 ng/g and from nd to 1914 ng/g with a mean of 60.16 ng/g in urban and rural area, respectively. Endosulfan was the prevailing OCP in urban areas, followed by DDTs, Drins, Methoxychlor, HCHs, Chlordane-related compounds and HCB. In rural areas, the order of concentrations was Drins > DDTs > Methoxychlor > Endosulfans > HCHs > Chlordanes > HCB. Diagnostic ratios and robust multivariate analyses revealed that DDT in soils could be related to historical application, whilst (illegal) use of technical DDT or dicofol may still occur in some urban areas. HCH residues could be related to both historical use and recent application, whilst there was evidence that modest (yet significant) application of commercial technical HCH may still be happening in urban areas. Drins and Chlordane compounds appeared to be mostly related to historical application, whilst Endosulfan presented a complex mix of results, indicating mainly historical origin in rural areas as well as potential recent applications on urban areas. Contamination levels were quantified by Soil Quality Index (SoQI), identifying high levels in rural areas of Campania and Apulia, possibly due to the intensive nature of some agricultural practices in those regions (e.g., vineyards and olive plantations). The results from this study (which is in progress in the remaining regions of Italy) will provide an invaluable baseline for OCP distribution in Italy and a powerful argument for follow-up studies in contaminated areas. It is also hoped that similar studies will eventually constitute enough evidence to push towards an institutional response for more adequate regulation as well as a full ratification of the Stockholm Convention

Interannual climate variation, land type and village livelihood effects on fires in Kalimantan, Indonesia

The increasing extent and frequency of fires globally requires nuanced understanding of the drivers of largescale events for improved prevention and mitigation. Yet, the drivers of fires are often poorly understood by various stakeholders in spatially expansive and temporally dynamic landscapes. Further, perceptions about the main cause of fires vary amongst stakeholders, which amplify ongoing challenges from policies being implemented inconsistently across different governance levels. Here, we develop a spatially and temporallyexplicit typology of fire prevalence across Kalimantan, Indonesia, a region with significant contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions. Based on livelihood information and data on climate, soil type and forest degradation status, we find that in intact forest the density of fires in villages that largely coincide with oil palm concessions was twice as high as in villages outside the concessions across all years. Fires occurring in degraded land on mineral soil across all years were also most prevalent in villages with industrial plantations (oil palm or timber). On the other hand, in degraded peatland, where fires are most intense during dry years induced by the El Niño episodes, occurrence rates were high regardless of village primary livelihoods. Based on these findings we recommend two key priorities for fire mitigation going forward for policy across different governance levels in Kalimantan: degraded peatland as the priority area and industrial plantations as the priority sector. Our study suggests a fire prevention and mitigation approach, which accounts for climate, land type and village livelihood, has the potential to deliver more effective means of management