Evaluación de la efectividad de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica basado en la utilización de tecnología 2.0 llevado a cabo en el Centro de Salud de Tapia de Casariego (Principado de Asturias).

Introduction: tobacco epidemic is one of the major threats for public health that the world has ever faced. Hypotesis: a program to cope with the problems produced by tobacco addiction which is carried out in primary attention in which; the blog together with some individualised recommendations are employed through the help of the e-mail it will be effective so as to reduce rhe percentage of smokers. Main objective: the main objective is to reduce the amount of people who consume tobacco among all those smokers who belong to primary attention that take part in a program based on the abandon of tobacco addiction through or by means of a blog in that zone. Method. Design. Based on an experimental study such as a field work. Location. Primary attention nursery consults in Vegadeo (control group) and Tapia de Casariego (intervention group). Participants. Smokers aged from eighteen to forty-five from both centers who want to take part in it and also who have got Internet at home. Intervention group: it will participate in the Blog (intensive program whith individualised materials devoted to give up smoking, it will be completely on line). It will be composed by seven sessions in a decreasing frequency, four of them based on maintenance after giving up that habit. Main measurements. Variable, sociodemographic, behaviourial related to tobacco comsumption and some other drugs, clinic from the patient. Conclusion. The study will help to define the effectiveness of Web 2.0 in the abandom of tobacco consumption.Introducción. La epidemia del tabaquismo es una de las mayores amenazas para la salud pública que el mundo haya enfrentado. Hipótesis: un programa para la deshabituación del hábito tabáquico, llevado a cabo en atención primaria, en el que se emplea como medio para ello el Blog junto con recomendaciones individualizadas a través del apoyo del correo electrónico, será efectivo para disminuir el porcentaje de fumadores. Objetivo principal: reducir el número de personas que consumen tabaco entre aquellos fumadores del ámbito de atención primaria que participan en el programa para la deshabituación del hábito tabáquico, vía Blog, en dicha población. Método. Diseño. Estudio experimental tipo trabajo de campo. Emplazamiento. Consultas de enfermería de atención primaria de los centros de salud de Tapia de Casariego (grupo intervención) y Vegadeo (grupo control). Participantes. Fumadores entre 18-45 años, de ambos centros, que voluntariamente quieran participar y posean en su domicilio Internet. Grupo intervención: participará en el Blog (programa intensivo, con materiales individualizados para dejar de fumar, íntegramente Online). Formado por 7 sesiones en frecuencia decreciente, 4 de ellas de mantenimiento después del abandono del hábito. Mediciones principales. Abstinencia a los 6 meses, al año y 5 años. Mediciones secundarias. Variables: sociodemográficas; conductuales relacionadas con el consumo de tabaco y otras drogas; clínicas del usuario. Conclusión. El estudio ayudará a definir la efectividad de la Web 2.0 en la deshabituación tabáquica

Mg–1Zn–1Ca alloy for biomedical applications. Influence of the secondary phases on the mechanical and corrosion behaviour

An as-cast Mg–1Zn–1Ca alloy has been soundly characterized to be used as a biodegradable material in biomedical applications. Ca and Zn additions have a great influence in the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of Mg alloys. SEM examinations revealed that most of the Ca and Zn atoms form Mg2Ca and Ca2Mg6Zn3 precipitates, which distribute preferentially along the grain boundaries forming a continuous network of secondary phases. The results of nanoindentation tests show differences in hardness and elastic modulus between the α-Mg matrix and the secondary phases. The results of three-point bending tests shows that cracks propagate following the network formed by the intermetallic compounds at the grain boundaries (GBs). The evolved hydrogen after immersion in Hank’s solution of the alloy has been also estimated, showing a change in the corrosion mechanism after 160 h. The intermetallic compounds act as a barrier against corrosion, so that it progresses through the α-Mg matrix phase

Muscle imaging in laminopathies: Synthesis study identifies meaningful muscles for follow-up

Introduction: Particular fibroadipose infiltration patterns have been recently described by muscle imaging in congenital and later onset forms of LMNA-related muscular dystrophies (LMNA-RD). Methods: Scores for fibroadipose infiltration of 23 lower limb muscles in 34 patients with LMNA-RD were collected from heat maps of 2 previous studies. Scoring systems were homogenized. Relationships between muscle infiltration and disease duration and age of onset were modeled with random forests. Results: The pattern of infiltration differs according to disease duration but not to age of disease onset. The muscles whose progression best predicts disease duration were semitendinosus, biceps femoris long head, gluteus medius, and semimembranosus. Discussion: In LMNA-RD, our synthetic analysis of lower limb muscle infiltration did not find major differences between forms with different ages of onset but allowed the identification of muscles with characteristic infiltration during disease progression. Monitoring of these specific muscles by quantitative MRI may provide useful imaging biomarkers in LMNA-RD. Muscle Nerve 58:812-817, 201

Primary care randomized clinical trial: manual therapy effectiveness in comparison with TENS in patients with neck pain

This study investigated effectiveness of manual therapy (MT) with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to reduce pain intensity in patients with mechanical neck disorder (MND). A randomized multi-centered controlled clinical trial was performed in 12 Primary Care Physiotherapy Units in Madrid Region. Ninety patients were included with diagnoses of subacute or chronic MND without neurological damage, 47 patients received MT and 43 TENS. The primary outcome was pain intensity measured in millimeters using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Also disability, quality of life, adverse effects and sociodemographic and prognosis variables were measured. Three evaluations were performed (before, when the procedure ?nished and six months after). Seventy-one patients (79%) completed the follow-up measurement at six months. In more than half of the treated patients the procedure had a clinically relevant ?short term? result after having ended the intervention, when either MT or TENS was used. The success rate decreased to one-third of the patients 6 months after the intervention. No differences can be found in the reduction of pain, in the decrease of disability nor in the quality of life between both therapies. Both analyzed physiotherapy techniques produce a short-term pain reduction that is clinically relevant.Ministerio de SanidadInstituto de Salud Carlos II

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Evaluación de la efectividad de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica basado en la utilización de tecnología 2.0 llevado a cabo en el Centro de Salud de Tapia de Casariego (Principado de Asturias)

Introduction:tobacco epidemic is one of the major threats for public health that the world has ever faced. Hypotesis:a program to cope with the problems produced by tobacco addiction which is carried out in primary attention in which; the blog together with some indi vidualised recommendations are employed through the help of the e-mail it will be effective so as to reduce rhe percentage of smokers. Main objective:the main objective is to reduce the amount of people who consume tobacco among all those smokers who belong to primary attention that take part in a program based on the abandon of tobacco addiction through or by means of a blog in that zone. Method. Design. Based on an experimental study such as a field work. Location. Primary attention nursery consults in Vegadeo (control group) and Tapia de Casariego (intervention group). Participants. Smokers aged from eighteen to forty-five from both centers who want to take part in it and also who have got Internet at home. Intervention group:it will participate in the Blog (intensive program whith individualised materials devoted to give up smoking, it will be completely on line). It will be composed by seven sessions in a decreasing frequency, four of them based on maintenance after giving upthat habit. Main measurements. Variable, sociodemographic, behaviourial related to tobacco comsumption and some other drugs, clinic from the patient. Conclusion.The study will help to define the effectiveness of Web 2.0 in the abandom of tobacco consumption.Introducción La epidemia del tabaquismo es una de las mayores amenazas para la salud pública que el mundo haya enfrentado. Hipótesis: un programa para la deshabituación del hábito tabáquico, llevado a cabo en atención primaria, en el que se emplea como medio para ello el Blog junto con recomendaciones individualizadas a través del apoyo del correo electrónico, será efectivo para disminuir el porcentaje de fumadores. Objetivo principal: reducir el número de personas que consumen tabaco entre aquellos fumadores del ámbito de atención primaria que participan en el programa para la deshabituación del hábito tabáquico, vía Blog, en dicha población. Método. Diseño. Estudio experimental tipo trabajo de campo. Emplazamiento. Consultas de enfermería de atención primaria de los centros de salud de Tapia de Casariego (grupo intervención) y Vegadeo (grupo control). Participantes. Fumadores entre 18-45 años, de ambos centros, que voluntariamente quieran participar y posean en su domicilio Internet. Grupo intervención: participará en el Blog (programa intensivo, con materiales individualizados para dejar de fumar, íntegramente Online) Formado por 7 sesiones en frecuencia decreciente, 4 de ellas de mantenimiento después del abandono del hábito. Mediciones principales. Abstinencia a los 6 meses, al año y 5 años. Mediciones secundarias. Variables: sociodemográficas; conductuales relacionadas con el consumo de tabaco y otras drogas; clínicas del usuario. Conclusión. El estudio ayudará a definir la efectividad de la Web2.0 en la deshabituación tabáquica

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of the Mg-3Zn-0.4Ca Alloy for Biodegradable Implants

The wear behavior of the Mg-3wt.% Zn-0.4wt.% Ca (ZX30) alloy was tested using a pin-on-disc configuration with AZ31 alloy discs as counterparts under dry sliding conditions. The ZX30 alloy was tested in different states: as-cast, solution-treated, peak-aged, and over-aged. Wear rates and friction coefficients were measured at different loads and sliding speeds. Abrasion and oxidation were the main wear mechanisms found in all the conditions tested. Moreover, aluminum oxides were detected on the worn surfaces, which indicates the presence of an adhesive wear mechanism. The wear behavior of the studied ZX30 alloy showed a greater tendency towards oxidative wear than other Mg alloys, and the microstructure observed strongly affected the wear behavior

The origin of an oceanic plateau: Isotope geochemistry (Sr, Nd, Pb and Hf) of volcanic rocks from IODP Site U1347 and ODP Site 1213 (Hf data) on the Shatsky Rise (Northwest Pacific)

Abstract—Dependence of the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness on filler volume fraction has been investigated from attenuation upon reflection measurements over a broad frequency range in hybrids based on Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-Aluminum nanoparticles. The loss of reflectivity with relation to the incident radiation in these nanocomposites compared with the pristine polymeric matrix shows the maximum value for the sample with an aluminum content of 10% in volume. Furthermore, the morphological aspects of all the specimens as well as their thermal properties, viscoelastic behavior and dielectric response have been evaluated. The nanocomposite that incorporates an Al content of 10 % in volume exhibits the best balance in properties including, in addition to its shielding behavior, its processability and mechanical performance. 1

Muscle imaging in laminopathies: Synthesis study identifies meaningful muscles for follow-up

International audienceINTRODUCTION:Particular fibroadipose infiltration patterns have been recently described by muscle imaging in congenital and later onset forms of LMNA-related muscular dystrophies (LMNA-RD).METHODS:Scores for fibroadipose infiltration of 23 lower limb muscles in 34 patients with LMNA-RD were collected from heat maps of 2 previous studies. Scoring systems were homogenized. Relationships between muscle infiltration and disease duration and age of onset were modeled with random forests.RESULTS:The pattern of infiltration differs according to disease duration but not to age of disease onset. The muscles whose progression best predicts disease duration were semitendinosus, biceps femoris long head, gluteus medius, and semimembranosus.DISCUSSION:In LMNA-RD, our synthetic analysis of lower limb muscle infiltration did not find major differences between forms with different ages of onset but allowed the identification of muscles with characteristic infiltration during disease progression. Monitoring of these specific muscles by quantitative MRI may provide useful imaging biomarkers in LMNA-RD. Muscle Nerve 58:812-817, 2018