Effects of Mindfulness and Holotropic Breathwork on the Rehabilitation of Adolescents Who Use Psychoactive Substance Users: A Pilot Study

This pilot study aims to compare the effects of mindfulness and holotropic breathwork treatments on adolescents in the rehabilitation process for psychoactive substance use. Participants comprised 18 female adolescents aged 15–18 admitted to the Fundación Grupo de Apoyo, affiliated with the Colombian Family Welfare Institute. The Fundación is dedicated to rehabilitation from, detoxification from, and prevention of psychoactive substance use. The study utilizes a mixed methods approach with an exploratory design. Heart rate is used as an important indicator of psychological well-being and overall cardiovascular health, and the mean pretest/posttest heart rates of the control and experimental groups are compared quantitatively. The effects of both treatments on the study population are described qualitatively. The results show a reduction in heart rate in the mindfulness group compared to the control. The narratives of the participants and the institution’s workers show positive changes in emotional regulation and coping, better communication, and a reduction in stress and anxiety or the desire to use, as a result of both experimental treatments

Uso problemático da Internet em uma amostra de estudantes universitários colombianos

Internet is a tool that facilitates the development of academic and social activities, business and entertainment. However, particular bevavior may arise in relation with its overuse. This research aims to identify sociodemographic characteristics and type of Internet use in a sample of Colombian university students and relate it to the possible use problematic. The sample consisted of 595 students from the University of Ibagué of 16-34 years of age who completed all three sections of the questionnaire: (1) socio-demographic data, (2) Internet usage information and (3) an adapted version of the Internet Addiction Test - IAT- (Young, 1998a). The results showed two groups, one with controlled use of the internet (88%) and one with problematic use (12 %), only one case showed addictive use. Problematic Internet use was related to the number of hours  pent on social networks, chat, sites with adult content and movies. The use of these Internet applications generated interference in daily activities. Internet es una herramienta que facilita el desarrollo de actividades académicas, sociales, de negocios y entretenimiento. Sin embargo, pueden surgir conductas vinculadas con el uso excesivo. Esta investigación pretende identificar las características sociodemográficas y tipo de uso de Internet en una muestra de universitarios colombianos y relacionarla con el posible uso problemático. La muestra está conformada por 595 estudiantes de la Universidad de Ibagué, de 16 a 34 años de edad, quienes completaron las tres secciones del cuestionario: (1) datos sociodemográficos, (2) información del uso de Internet y (3) la prueba adaptada, Internet Addiction Test -IAT- (Young, 1998a). Los resultados mostraron dos grupos: uno que hacía uso controlado de Internet (88 %) y otro con uso problemático (12 %). Sólo un caso mostró uso adictivo. El uso problemático de Internet se relacionó con el número de horas dedicado a redes sociales, chat, páginas de contenido para adultos y películas. El uso de estas aplicaciones de Internet generó interferencia en las actividades cotidianas.Internet é uma ferramenta que facilita o desenvolvimento do acadêmico, social, empresarial e de entretenimento. No entanto, podem surgir comportamentos relacionados ao uso excessivo. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as características sociodemográficas e do tipo de uso da Internet em uma amostra de universitários da Colômbia e relacioná la com o possível uso problemático. A amostra foi composta de 595 estudantes da Universidade de Ibagué de 16-34 anos de idade que completaram todas as três seções do questionário: (1) dados demográficos, (2) informações sobre o uso da Internet e (3) teste adaptado Internet Addiction TestIAT-(Young, 1998a). Os resultados mostraram que dois grupos, um que foi controlado a utilização da Internet (88%) e com uma utilização problemática (12%). Apenas um caso mostrou uso viciante. Uso problemático da Internet estava relacionado com o número de horas gastas em redes sociais, bate-papo, sites com conteúdo adulto e filmes. A utilização destas aplicações de Internet gerado interferência nas actividades diárias

Training the working memory in older adults with the “Reta tu Memoria” video game

[EN] The objective of this study was to train the visuospatial and semantic working memory of a sample of Colombian older adults through the design of a serious game. The sample was composed of 20 older adults whose ages ranged from 50 to 77 years and showed signs of normal ageing. The sample belonged to the Edad de Oro group from the Universidad de Ibagué in Colombia. Participation in this study was voluntary, and the socio-demographic data and Mini-Mental state examination questionnaires were administered. The video game’s creative process was developed over six months by a team made up of psychologists and systems engineers. The video game was created using 2D Construct3 game editor, and the use of JavaScript programming language and an advanced knowledge of HTML were required. Before training, two pilot sessions were carried out to adjust the video game structure. After that, the procedure was applied to the sample for 20 sessions. The time spent and errors made in the video game’s five levels were registered. The results show values of significant effect size. In conclusion, the Latin American samples help corroborate the central training hypothesis. Training through video games leads to improved visuospatial and semantic working memory performance.This work was supported by Universidad de Ibagué project reference 16-445-SEMPuerta-Cortés, DX.; Hernández, JK.; Olaya, AM.; Tovar, J.; Varela, D. (2020). Training the working memory in older adults with the “Reta tu Memoria” video game. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 341-349. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2019.2019.10219OCS34134

Tratamiento ortodóntico en paciente con periodontits crónica avanzada generalizada: reporte de un caso

El tratamiento de ortodoncia es un procedimiento que busca corregir la maloclusión y mejorar la estética dental a través de fuerzas leves por periodos de tiempos largos o medianos, dicho tratamiento en pacientes periodontalmente comprometidos genera polémica debido a que la colocación de la aparatología puede incrementar la formacion de biopelicula y por ende agravar la periodontitis; también las fuerzas ejercidas podrían aumentar la reabsorción ósea. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se pueden encontrar estudios que confirman que el tratamiento de ortodoncia ayuda al periodonto enfermo gracias a los diferentes movimientos dentales que se producen durante éste; siempre y cuando el ortodoncista y periodoncista trabajen en conjunto, eduquen y motiven al paciente a cambiar sus hábitos de higiene bucal y sigan unos parámetros determinados. El objetivo principal del artículo es la presentación de un caso clínico en el que se realizó un tratamiento de ortodoncia a un paciente con periodontitis crónica avanzada generalizada y con relación canina clase III para de detener el avance de esta enfermedad, además para corregir la maloclusión y lograr una buena estética facial y dental. En conjunto con este tratamiento se realizaron procedimientos de mantenimiento periodontal tales como profilaxis dental, fase higiénica y enseñanza en higiene bucal. Los resultados del tratamiento se consideraron satisfactorios, se culminó sin pérdida dentaria, con oclusión en clase 1 de Angle, una buena estética facial y dental, un periodonto sano y un paciente educado en higiene bucal.Orthodontic treatment is a procedure which seeks to correct malocclusion and improve dental aesthetics of a through slight Forces for periods of long or medium times, such treatment in Patients periodontally compromised controversial genres, because queue placement brackets can increase the accumulation of plaque and aggravate periodontal disease, also the Forces exercised, could increase Does bone resorption; However, you can find new studies that confirm that orthodontic treatment helps the patient periodontium, thanks to the different dental movements that occur during this; As long as the orthodontist and periodontist work together, educate and motivate the patient to change their hygiene habits oral And Following certain parameters. The principal objective of this article is the presentation of a clinical case in which an Orthodontic treatment was made, in a patient with chronic generalized periodontitis Advanced and canine Relationship Class III, with the aim of stopping the advance of this disease, also to correct the malocclusion and achieve a good facial and dental aesthetics; in conjunction with this treatment, periodontal procedures were made, dental prophylaxis, hygiene phase and oral hygiene education; The results of the treatment were considered satisfactory, none Tooth loss, Class 1 occlusion Angle, Good facial and dental aesthetics, a healthy periodontium and an educated patient in oral hygiene

Sustainability Indicators Concerning Waste Management for Implementation of the Circular Economy Model on the University of Lome (Togo) Campus

The circular economy aims to reduce the volume of waste generated in the world, transforming it into resources. The concept of indicator of circular economy was introduced to evaluate the improvement obtained regarding e ciency in terms of reduction, reuse and recycling of waste generated on the campus of the University of Lome (Togo). These indicators showed that 59.5% of the waste generated on the campus in 2018 could be introduced into the circular economy paradigm through composting, and 27.0% of the energy consumed could be replaced by clean energy obtained from biogas. The entire plastic fraction can be introduced into the circular economy paradigm by reusing plastic bottles and selling the rest in the port of the city. Thus, the income obtained could range from €15.5/day in 2018 to €34.5/day in 2027. Concerning old tires, 1.5% of the rubber needed to pave the entire roadway of the campus could be replaced by the waste generated by the tires currently existing there. Consequently, waste management on the campus could be controlled thanks to these indicators, and this could serve as a model for the rest of the country.Research Project ECO2017-84138-P MINECO, AGENCIA ESTATAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN and FEDER (EU)

Frequência de consulta odontológica durante a primeira infância. : Medellín, 2011

Introduction: The main objective of this study was to establish the frequency of dental consultation by children who attend community homes that belong to the Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (icbf, Colombian institute for family welfare) in Medellin. Methods: We performed a descriptive evaluation to ascertain the frequency of dental consultation by 320 children from icbf with ages between 6 months and 5 years. Surveys were used to gather information from mothers or primary caregivers. Results: 57.2% of the children had been previously taken to the dentist. 89.6% of those children had been taken within the last year. Among the reasons given by care givers to not attend dental consultation, 56.4% stated that children were too young and 22.1% revealed that they requested the appointment but it was not scheduled. Significant differences regarding type of social security insurance or socioeconomic status among those who were taken to the dentist and those who were not were not found (Chi2 2,87, p value 0,4117 and Chi2 5,84; p value 0,5399, respectively). Conclusion: There is a low frequency of dental consultation by boys and girls during the early childhood despite the fact that such procedure is important for their adequate emotional and physical growth and development and that other studies have shown that cavity prevalence is high in this population.Introducción: se busca establecer la frecuencia de consulta odontológica en niños asistentes a los hogares comunitarios del Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (icbf) de la ciudad de Medellín. Métodos: se indagó por la frecuencia de la consulta odontológica en 320 niños del icbf, con edades comprendidas entre los 6 meses y 5 años, mediante encuesta hecha a las madres o adultos responsables. Resultados: 57,2% de los niños había sido llevado por lo menos una vez en su vida al odontólogo. Entre los niños que tenían el antecedente de la consulta, el 73,3% fue llevado para “revisión”, mientras que el 13,7% requería tratamiento curativo. El 42,8% de los niños no había visitado nunca el odontólogo, y las razones más frecuentes que adujeron los cuidadores fueron: “el niño está muy pequeño” y “no he visto la necesidad”. Conclusión: sigue siendo baja la consulta odontológica en los niños y niñas durante la primera infancia, pese a la importancia demostrada para el adecuado crecimiento y desarrollo físico y emocional, y pese a que otros estudios muestran que persisten altas prevalencias de caries en este grupo poblacional.Introdução: busca-se estabelecer a frequência de consulta odontológica em crianças que vão aos lares comunitários do Instituto Colombiano de Bem-estar Familiar (icbf) da cidade de Medellín. Métodos: indagou-se pela frequência da consulta odontológica a 320 crianças do icbf, com idades compreendidas entre 6 meses e 5 anos, mediante enquete feita às mães ou adultos responsáveis. Resultados: 57,2% das crianças tinham sido levadas pelo menos uma vez em sua vida ao odontologista. Entre as crianças que tinham o antecedente da consulta, 73,3% foram levadas para “retorno”; enquanto 13,7% requeriam tratamento curativo. 42,8% das crianças não tinham ido nunca ao odontologista, e as razões mais frequentes que os cuidadores deram foram: “a criança está muito nova” e “não vi a necessidade”. Conclusão: continua sendo baixa a consulta odontológica nas crianças durante a primeira infância, apesar da importância demonstrada para o adequado crescimento e desenvolvimento físico e emocional, e apesar de outros estudos mostrarem que persistem altas prevalências de cáries nesse grupo populacional

Early Stepdown From Echinocandin to Fluconazole Treatment in Candidemia: A Post Hoc Analysis of Three Cohort Studies

Antifúngic; Candidèmia; DesescaladaAntifúngico; Candidemia; DesescaladaAntifungal; Candidemia; De-escalationBackground There are no clear criteria for antifungal de-escalation after initial empirical treatments. We hypothesized that early de-escalation (ED) (within 5 days) to fluconazole is safe in fluconazole-susceptible candidemia with controlled source of infection. Methods This is a multicenter post hoc study that included consecutive patients from 3 prospective candidemia cohorts (2007–2016). The impact of ED and factors associated with mortality were assessed. Results Of 1023 candidemia episodes, 235 met inclusion criteria. Of these, 54 (23%) were classified as the ED group and 181 (77%) were classified as the non-ED group. ED was more common in catheter-related candidemia (51.9% vs 31.5%; P = .006) and episodes caused by Candida parapsilosis, yet it was less frequent in patients in the intensive care unit (24.1% vs 39.2%; P = .043), infections caused by Nakaseomyces glabrata (0% vs 9.9%; P = .016), and candidemia from an unknown source (24.1% vs 47%; P = .003). In the ED and non-ED groups, 30-day mortality was 11.1% and 29.8% (P = .006), respectively. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–10.61), Pitt score > 2 (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.94–9.20), unknown source of candidemia (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.14–5.86), candidemia caused by Candida albicans (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.48–10.61), and prior surgery (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.08–0.97) were independent predictors of mortality. Similar results were found when a propensity score for receiving ED was incorporated into the model. ED had no significant impact on mortality (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.16–1.53). Conclusions Early de-escalation is a safe strategy in patients with candidemia caused by fluconazole-susceptible strains with controlled source of bloodstream infection and hemodynamic stability. These results are important to apply antifungal stewardship strategies.This research forms part of an activity that has received funding from EIT Health. EIT Health is supported by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), a body of the European Union that receives support from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program. This study has been cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund. E. M.-G. (PI18/01061), P. P.-A. (“Rio Hortega” contract CM18/00132), M. F.-R. (“Miguel Servet” contract CP18/00073), and C. G.-V. (FIS PI18/01061) have received research grants from the Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Beliefs in conspiracy theories about COVID-19 vaccines in the Andean Community of Nations

Los estudios sobre aceptación y rechazo hacia las vacunas, así como la creencia en teorías conspirativas, y la falta de confianza en los gobiernos y la ciencia, han sido importantes para analizar el proceso de vacunación contra el COVID-19 a nivel mundial, pero han sido bastante limitados, hasta el momento, para el caso de América Latina. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en describir el grado de aceptación o no a ciertas creencias de conspiración sobre las vacunas contra la COVID-19 en una muestra de países miembros de la Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN): Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. Se diseñó un estudio transversal descriptivo en el que participaron 1835 personas de Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. Para la evaluación de estas creencias se utilizó la Escala de Creencias de Conspiración de Vacunas COVID-19 (ECCV-COVID, Caycho-Rodríguez et al., 2022a). Los resultados indican que, el Perú presenta el mayor puntaje promedio de creencias de conspiración sobre las vacunas contra la COVID19. Además, en los 4 países el menor grado de aceptación es con la creencia sobre “Vacunar a los niños contra la COVID-19 es perjudicial y este hecho está ocultado”. En Colombia, Ecuador y Perú el mayor grado de aceptación está referida a la creencia conspirativa referida a que “La información sobre la seguridad de las vacunas contra la COVID-19 a menudo se inventan”. Finalmente, en Bolivia, el mayor grado de aceptación es con la creencia de que “Las empresas farmacéuticas ocultan los peligros de las vacunas contra la COVID-19”. Los resultados presentados en este estudio son los primeros que se conoce de forma genérica en población latinoamericana, y particularmente, en la población Andina.Studies on the acceptance and rejection of vaccines, as well as the belief in conspiracy theories, and the lack of trust in governments and science, have been important to analyze the vaccination process against COVID-19 worldwide, but they have been quite limited, so far, in the case of Latin America. In this sense, the objective of this work is to describe the degree of acceptance or not of certain conspiracy beliefs about vaccines against COVID-19 in a sample of countries members in the Andean Community of Nations (CAN): Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed in which 1835 people from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru participated. To evaluate these beliefs, the COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Belief Scale (ECCV-COVID, Caycho-Rodríguez et al., 2022a) was used. The results indicate that Peru has the highest average score of conspiracy beliefs about vaccines against COVID-19. In addition, in the 4 countries, the lowest degree of acceptance is with the belief that "Vaccinating children against COVID-19 is harmful and this fact is hidden". In Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, the highest degree of acceptance is related to the conspiratorial belief that "Information on the safety of vaccines against COVID-19 is often invented." Finally, in Bolivia, the highest degree of acceptance is with the belief that "Pharmaceutical companies hide the dangers of vaccines against COVID-19". The results presented in this study are the first known generically in the Latin American population, and particularly in the Andean population.Fil: Caycho Rodríguez, Tomás. Universidad Privada del Norte; PerúFil: Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Valencia, Pablo D.. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala; MéxicoFil: Vilca, Lindsey W.. Universidad Norbert Wiener; PerúFil: Moreta Herrera, Rodrigo. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; EcuadorFil: Puerta Cortés, Diana Ximena. Universidad de Ibagué; ColombiaFil: Tapia, Bismarck Pinto. Universidad Catolica Boliviana; Bolivi

Inequidades en salud de la primera infancia en el municipio de Andes, Antioquia, Colombia: un análisis desde la epidemiología crítica

En Colombia persisten inequidades en la salud de la primera infancia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo para estimar las desigualdades en salud de la primera infancia del municipio de Andes, Antioquia. Las categorías teóricas utilizadas fueron la clase social y los modos de vida. Se hizo valoración clínica del crecimiento, del desarrollo y del estado de la dentición de 642 niños de cero a cinco años. Se encuestó a los adultos acompañantes para clasificar su posición de clase. El muestreo fue probabilístico en la zona urbana y por concentración en la rural. La población se clasificó en cinco fracciones de clase. Se observaron desigualdades en los modos de vida, en el desarrollo infantil y en la experiencia de caries dental; más graves en los niños de las familias subasalariadas. Las disparidades constituyen inequidades sociales, puesto que son producto de las condiciones de vida que les son impuestas a los grupos humanos de acuerdo con su posición social