194 research outputs found
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Cognitive and behavioral improvement in adults with fragile X syndrome treated with metformin-two cases.
BackgroundThe majority of individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) have intellectual disability, behavioral problems, autism, and language deficits. IQ typically declines with age in boys with the full mutation. The results of preclinical studies demonstrated that metformin, a biguanide used to treat type 2 diabetes, rescues multiple phenotypes of FXS in both Drosophila and mouse models. Preliminary studies of patients with FXS demonstrated improvements in behavior.MethodsHere, we present two cases of individuals who have been treated with metformin clinically for one year.ResultsBoth patients demonstrated significant cognitive and behavioral improvements. They also improved eating habits and normalization of their weight percentiles.ConclusionMetformin may be a candidate drug for treatment of several types of symptoms in individuals with FXS
Spectator detection for the measurement of proton neutron interactions at ANKE
A telescope of three silicon detectors has been installed close to the
internal target position of the ANKE spectrometer, which is situated inside the
ultra-high vacuum of the COSY-Juelich light-ion storage ring. The detection and
identification of slow protons and deuterons emerging from a deuterium
cluster-jet target thus becomes feasible. A good measurement of the energy and
angle of such a spectator proton (p_sp) allows one to identify a reaction as
having taken place on the neutron in the target and then to determine the
kinematical variables of the ion-neutron system on an event-by-event basis over
a range of c.m. energies.
The system has been successfully tested under laboratory conditions. By
measuring the spectator proton in the p d to p_sp d pi^0 reaction in
coincidence with a fast deuteron in the ANKE Forward Detector, values of the p
n to d pi^0 total cross-section have been deduced. Further applications of the
telescope include the determination of the luminosity and beam polarisation
which are required for several experiments.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
Meson Production in p+d Reactions
The production of neutral and charged pions as well as eta mesons is studied
in the Delta and N* resonance region, respectively. Heavy A=3 recoils were
measured with the GEM detector. The differential cross sections covering the
full angular range are compared with model calculations.Comment: 4 pages, latex, 4 figures, talk presented at the XVIIth European
Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Evora, Portugal, September 2000;
to be published in Nucl. Phys.
Guilt is effectively induced by a written auto-biographical essay but not reduced by experimental pain.
Introduction
The aim of the present study was (1) to validate the method of guilt-induction by means of a written auto-biographical essay and (2) to test whether experimental pain is apt to alleviate the mental burden of guilt, a concept receiving support from both empirical research and clinical observation.
Methods
Three independent groups of healthy male participants were recruited. Group allocation was not randomized but within group pain/sham administration was counterbalanced over the two test-days. Groups were tested in the following consecutive order: Group A: guilt induction, heat-pain/sham, N = 59; Group B: guilt induction, cold-pressure-pain/sham, N = 43; Group C: emotionally neutral induction, heat-pain/sham, N = 39. Guilt was induced on both test-days in group A and B before pain/sham administration. Visual analog scale (VAS) guilt ratings immediately after pain/sham stimulation served as the primary outcome. In a control group C the identical heat-pain experiment was performed like in group A but a neutral emotional state was induced.
Results
A consistently strong overall effect of guilt-induction (heat-pain: p < 0.001, effect size r = 0.71; CPT-pain p < 0.001, r = 0.67) was found when compared to the control-condition (p = 0.25, r = 0.08). As expected, heat- and cold-pressure-stimuli were highly painful in all groups (p < 0.0001, r = 0.89). However, previous research supporting the hypothesis that pain is apt to reduce guilt was not replicated.
Conclusion
Although guilt-induction was highly effective on both test-days no impact of pain on behavioral guilt-ratings in healthy individuals could be identified. Guilt induction per se did not depend on the order of testing. The result questions previous experimental work on the impact of pain on moral emotions
Relativistic quantum dynamics in strong fields: Photon emission from heavy, few-electron ions
Recent progress in the study of the photon emission from highly-charged heavy
ions is reviewed. These investigations show that high- ions provide a unique
tool for improving the understanding of the electron-electron and
electron-photon interaction in the presence of strong fields. Apart from the
bound-state transitions, which are accurately described in the framework of
Quantum Electrodynamics, much information has been obtained also from the
radiative capture of (quasi-) free electrons by high- ions. Many features in
the observed spectra hereby confirm the inherently relativistic behavior of
even the simplest compound quantum systems in Nature.Comment: Version 18/11/0
Forward K+ production in subthreshold pA collisions at 1.0 GeV
K+ meson production in pA (A = C, Cu, Au) collisions has been studied using
the ANKE spectrometer at an internal target position of the COSY-Juelich
accelerator. The complete momentum spectrum of kaons emitted at forward angles,
theta < 12 degrees, has been measured for a beam energy of T(p)=1.0 GeV, far
below the free NN threshold of 1.58 GeV. The spectrum does not follow a thermal
distribution at low kaon momenta and the larger momenta reflect a high degree
of collectivity in the target nucleus.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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First-Generation Hybrid Compact Compton Imager
At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we are pursuing the development of a gamma-ray imaging system using the Compton effect. We have built our first generation hybrid Compton imaging system, and we have conducted initial calibration and image measurements using this system. In this paper, we present the details of the hybrid Compton imaging system and initial calibration and image measurements
Gregor Lang-Wojtasik (2008): Schule in der Weltgesellschaft – Herausforderungen und Perspektiven einer Schultheorie jenseits der Moderne. Weinheim, München: Juventa 2008, 240 S. [Rezension]
Rezension zu: Gregor Lang-Wojtasik (2008): Schule in der Weltgesellschaft – Herausforderungen und Perspektiven einer Schultheorie jenseits der Moderne. Weinheim, München: Juventa 2008, 240 S., ISBN 978-3-7799-1267-
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