РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА СВИНОМАТОК ПРИ СКРЕЩИВАНИИ С ГИБРИДНЫМИ ХРЯКАМИ СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ МЯСНЫХ ПОРОД

The research on reproductive qualities of pigs of domestic and foreign breeding have been conducted in order to improve fattening and meat qualities of the young and maintain reproductive capacity. It is determined that crossing of hybrid sows (БКБ  Й) with terminal boars (Д  П) ensures a sufficiently high level of reproductive qualities of sows of this combination (БКБ  Й)  (Д  П) multiple pregnancy rate – 12.0 animals, litter weight – 21.6 kg, milk rate – 62 kg.С целью улучшения откормочных и мясных качеств товарного молодняка при сохранении высокой воспроизводительной способности были проведены исследования по изучению репродуктивных качеств свиней отечественной и импортной селекции при породно-линейной гибридизации. Установлено, что скрещивание гибридных маток (БКБ  Й) с терминальными хряками (Д  П) обеспечивает достаточно высокий уровень репродуктивных качеств маток данного сочетания: (БКБ  Й)  (Д  П) многоплодие – 12,0 гол., масса гнезда при рождении – 21,6 кг, молочности – 62 кг

Updated results from the phase 3 HELIOS study of ibrutinib, bendamustine and rituximab in 1 relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma

We report follow-up results from the randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 HELIOS trial of ibrutinib+bendamustine and rituximab (BR) for previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) without deletion 17p. Overall, 578 patients were randomized 1: 1 to either ibrutinib (420 mg daily) or placebo, in combination with 6 cycles of BR, followed by ibrutinib or placebo alone. Median follow-up was 34.8 months (range: 0.1-45.8). Investigator-assessed median progression-free survival (PFS) was not reached for ibrutinib+BR, versus 14.3 months for placebo+BR (hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI], 0.206 [0.159-0.265]; P < 0.0001); 36-month PFS rates were 68.0% versus 13.9%, respectively. The results are consistent with the primary analysis findings (HR = 0.203, as assessed by independent review committee, with 17-month median follow-up). Median overall survival was not reached in either arm; HR (95% CI) for ibrutinib+BR versus placebo: 0.652 (0.454-0.935; P = 0.019). Minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative response rates were 26.3% for ibrutinib+BR and 6.2% for placebo+BR (P < 0.0001). Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (including grades 34) were generally consistent with the initial HELIOS report. These long-term data support improved survival outcomes and deepening responses with ibrutinib+BR compared with BR in relapsed CLL/SLL

МЯСНАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО МЯСНОГО СЫРЬЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ КАЛМЫЦКОЙ ПОРОДЫ НОВЫХ ЗАВОДСКИХ ЛИНИЙ

The results of research are presented for new stud lines of Kalmyk cattle: Pirat 6626, Pokhvalny 8643, and Ozhog 6136.To assess meat productivity, carcass morphological composition, physical and chemical properties, amino acid and fatty acid compositions of muscle tissue, control slaughter of young bulls (15 months old) of different breed lines was carried out. The slaughtershowed a higher weight of fresh carcass in bulls of Pirat 6626 line, which was 215.9 kg. Weight of Pokhvalny 8643 and Ozhog 6136 lines was lower, 212.5 kg in average. Bulls of new lines insignificantly differed by the dressed weight and slaughter yield amountedto 221.4 to 223.9 kg (56.0% to 56.4%), respectively. At slaughter, carcasses of all experimental animals were characterized by a good yield of deboned meat (82.3 to 82.6%) with a relatively small bone content (17.4 to 17.7%). Compared to bulls of Pokhvalny 8643 and Ozhog 6136 lines, Pirat 6626 line had water binding capacity higherby 1.96 and 1.09%, and juice loss during cooking was lower by 0.76 and 0.90%.Chemical composition analysis of deboned meat showed a higher protein content in meat from Pokhvalny 8643 bulls (23.41%) than from Pirat 6626 (20.95%) and Ozhog 6136 (21.75%) lines. Fat content in the meat of Pirat 6626 and Ozhog 6136 bulls was higher than in Pokhvalny 8643 bulls and amounted to 2.84 and 2.99%.In proteins of animals from all three lines, the content of essential amino acids exceeds the levels recommended by FAO/WHO for humans; there are no limiting amino acids.The maximum lysine amino acid score was observed in proteins of Pirat 6626 animals, which was higher by 3.6% than in Pokhvalny 8643 line and by 7.9% than in Ozhog 6136 line; leucine and isoleucine were higher in proteins of Pirat 6626 and Ozhog 6136 lines.Valine amino acid score was higher in muscle proteins of Pirat 6626 bulls (120.0%), than in the proteins of Pokhvalny 8643 (110.0%) and Ozhog 6136 (114.0%) lines.In Pokhvalny 8643 bulls, methionine amino acid score had the smallest difference with the reference protein. The minimal difference in phenylalanine amino acid score with the reference protein was also observed in Pokhvalny 8643 bulls and amounted to 5.0%.According to the results of protein biological value calculation, Pokhvalny 8643 line has more balanced ratio of essential amino acids of 89.7%, while Pirat 6626 and Ozhog 6136 lines show ratios of 81.6% and 81.7%, respectively.Differences in fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat from bulls of all three lines are insignificant, but Pokhvalny 8643 line shows some superiority in the content of  polyunsaturated acids by 0.48 to 0.33%.Sensory assessment of boiled beef and meat broth quality from new lines of Kalmyk young cattle was «good» and «very good».Представлены результаты исследований новых заводских линий калмыцкой породы крупного рогатого скота: Пирата 6626, Похвального 8643 и Ожога 6136.Для оценки мясной продуктивности, морфологического состава туш, физико-химического, аминокислотного и жирнокислотного составов мышечной ткани был проведен контрольный убой молодняка (бычков) в 15-месячном возасте разной линейной принадлежности, который показал более высокую массу парной туши у бычков линии Пирата 6626 — 215,9кг, Похвального 8643 и Ожога 6136 ниже — в среднем 212,5кг. По убойной массе и убойному выходу бычки новых линий отличались незначительно и составили соответственно 221,4-223,9 кг (56,0%-  56,4%). Туши всех подопытных животных при убое характеризовались хорошимвыходом обваленного мяса (82,3–82,6%) при относительно небольшом содержании костей (17,4–17,7%).У бычков линии Пирата 6626 влагосвязывающая способность выше на 1,96 и 1,09%, а потери сока при варке ниже на 0,76 и 0,90%, чем у бычков линии Похвального 8643 и Ожога 6136.Анализ химического состава обваленного мяса показал более высокое содержание белка в мясе у бычков линии Похвального 8643 (23,41%), чем у бычков линии Пирата 6626 (20,95%) и Ожога 6136 (21,75%). Содержание жира в мясе у бычков линии Пирата 6626 и Ожога 6136 было выше, чем у бычков линии Похвального 8643 и составило 2,84 и 2,99%.В белках животных трёх линий содержание незаменимых аминокислот превышает рекомендуемый ФАО/ВОЗ для человека, не имеется лимитирующих аминокислот.Максимальный аминокислотный скор лицина в белках надблюдался у животных линии Пирата 6626 — на 3,6% выше линии Похвального 8643 и на 7,9% — линии Ожога 6136, лейцина и изолейцина в белках больше в линиях Пирата 6626 и Ожога 6136.Аминокислота валин по расчетам скора была больше в белках мышц бычков линии Пирата 6626, её скор составил 120,0%, в белках Похвального 8643 — 110,0%, Ожога 6136 — 114,0%.Скор аминокислоты метионин имел наименьшую разницу с эталонным белком у бычков линии Похвального 8643. Минимальная разница скора фенилаланина с эталонным белком наблюдалась также у бычков линии Похвального 8643и составила 5,0%.По результатам расчета биологической ценности белка более сбалансированным соотношением незаменимых аминокислот обладает линия Похвального 8643 — 89,7%, тогда как у линии Пирата 6626 и Ожога 6136 — 81,4 и 81,7% соответственно.Различия в составе жирных кислот во внутримышечном жире бычков всех линий несущественные, но прослеживалось превосходство показателей линии Похвального 8643 по содержанию полиненасыщенных кислот на 0,48–0,33%.Дегустационная оценка качества отварного мяса-говядины и мясного бульона от молодняка крупного рогатого скота калмыцкой породы новых линий — «хорошее» и «очень хорошее»

Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): And randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study

Background: Bortezomib with dexamethasone is a standard treatment option for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Carfilzomib with dexamethasone has shown promising activity in patients in this disease setting. The aim of this study was to compare the combination of carfilzomib and dexamethasone with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Methods: In this randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study, patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who had one to three previous treatments were randomly assigned (1:1) using a blocked randomisation scheme (block size of four) to receive carfilzomib with dexamethasone (carfilzomib group) or bortezomib with dexamethasone (bortezomib group). Randomisation was stratified by previous proteasome inhibitor therapy, previous lines of treatment, International Staging System stage, and planned route of bortezomib administration if randomly assigned to bortezomib with dexamethasone. Patients received treatment until progression with carfilzomib (20 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2 of cycle 1; 56 mg/m2 thereafter; 30 min intravenous infusion) and dexamethasone (20 mg oral or intravenous infusion) or bortezomib (1·3 mg/m2; intravenous bolus or subcutaneous injection) and dexamethasone (20 mg oral or intravenous infusion). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. All participants who received at least one dose of study drug were included in the safety analyses. The study is ongoing but not enrolling participants; results for the interim analysis of the primary endpoint are presented. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01568866. Findings: Between June 20, 2012, and June 30, 2014, 929 patients were randomly assigned (464 to the carfilzomib group; 465 to the bortezomib group). Median follow-up was 11·9 months (IQR 9·3-16·1) in the carfilzomib group and 11·1 months (8·2-14·3) in the bortezomib group. Median progression-free survival was 18·7 months (95% CI 15·6-not estimable) in the carfilzomib group versus 9·4 months (8·4-10·4) in the bortezomib group at a preplanned interim analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 0·53 [95% CI 0·44-0·65]; p<0·0001). On-study death due to adverse events occurred in 18 (4%) of 464 patients in the carfilzomib group and in 16 (3%) of 465 patients in the bortezomib group. Serious adverse events were reported in 224 (48%) of 463 patients in the carfilzomib group and in 162 (36%) of 456 patients in the bortezomib group. The most frequent grade 3 or higher adverse events were anaemia (67 [14%] of 463 patients in the carfilzomib group vs 45 [10%] of 456 patients in the bortezomib group), hypertension (41 [9%] vs 12 [3%]), thrombocytopenia (39 [8%] vs 43 [9%]), and pneumonia (32 [7%] vs 36 [8%]). Interpretation: For patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, carfilzomib with dexamethasone could be considered in cases in which bortezomib with dexamethasone is a potential treatment option. Funding: Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary

Ibrutinib as initial therapy for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Background: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) primarily affects older persons who often have coexisting conditions in addition to disease-related immunosuppression and myelosuppression. We conducted an international, open-label, randomized phase 3 trial to compare two oral agents, ibrutinib and chlorambucil, in previously untreated older patients with CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma. Methods: we randomly assigned 269 previously untreated patients who were 65 years of age or older and had CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma to receive ibrutinib or chlorambucil. The primary end point was progression-free survival as assessed by an independent review committee. Results: the median age of the patients was 73 years. During a median follow-up period of 18.4 months, ibrutinib resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival than did chlorambucil (median, not reached vs. 18.9 months), with a risk of progression or death that was 84% lower with ibrutinib than that with chlorambucil (hazard ratio, 0.16; P<0.001). Ibrutinib significantly prolonged overall survival; the estimated survival rate at 24 months was 98% with ibrutinib versus 85% with chlorambucil, with a relative risk of death that was 84% lower in the ibrutinib group than in the chlorambucil group (hazard ratio, 0.16; P=0.001). The overall response rate was higher with ibrutinib than with chlorambucil (86% vs. 35%, P<0.001). The rates of sustained increases from baseline values in the hemoglobin and platelet levels were higher with ibrutinib. Adverse events of any grade that occurred in at least 20% of the patients receiving ibrutinib included diarrhea, fatigue, cough, and nausea; adverse events occurring in at least 20% of those receiving chlorambucil included nausea, fatigue, neutropenia, anemia, and vomiting. In the ibrutinib group, four patients had a grade 3 hemorrhage and one had a grade 4 hemorrhage. A total of 87% of the patients in the ibrutinib group are continuing to take ibrutinib. Conclusions: ibrutinib was superior to chlorambucil in previously untreated patients with CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma, as assessed by progression-free survival, overall survival, response rate, and improvement in hematologic variables. (Funded by Pharmacyclics and others; RESONATE-2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01722487.)

Новые селекционно-генетические методы в свиноводстве Беларуси

Six pig breeds: Belarusian large white, Belarusian meat, Belarusian black and white, landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc are involved in breeding and hydridization of pig breeding in Belarus. More than 85 % of pigs supplied to meat processing plants of the Republic are provided by different combinations of interbreed hydridization.For the effective development of this branch in the Republic, the Scientific-Practical Center on Animal Husbandry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus organized the system of selection and breeding work in pig breeding directed to create new competitive breeds, types, and hydrides of pigs adapted to the industrial production conditions and not inferior to the productivity of the analogs of the world selection.The main link of this system is the first-order breeding plants (nucleus units) as new-type plants dealing with the selection and breeding of the best animals with the outstanding genetically conditioned breeding and productive qualities. The second link of this system is the first-order breeding breeders that are completed with high-valuable breeding pigs from the leading nucleus unit and are engaged in their reproduction to obtain grandparents (GP).Assessing the level of the technological development of pig breeding in Belarus during the period to the 2030 year, we predicted the indices for the all predictable years (2020–2030). The existing level of the technological development of the pig breeding branch is assessed as the mean one. During 2020–2021 the pig breeding level will be moderate-high, during 2022– 2023 – high, and since 2025–2030 – intensive.. В организации систем разведения и гибридизации свиноводства Беларуси задействовано шесть пород свиней: белорусская крупная белая, белорусская мясная, белорусская черно-пестрая, ландрас, йоркшир и дюрок. Более 85 % свиней, поставляемых на мясокомбинаты республики, получают от различных сочетаний межпородной гибридизации.Для эффективного развития отрасли в республике РУП «Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по животноводству» сформирована система селекционно-племенной работы в свиноводстве, направленная на создание новых конкурентоспособных пород, типов и гибридов свиней, адаптированных к условиям промышленного производства и не уступающих по продуктивности аналогам мировой селекции.Главным звеном этой системы выступают племзаводы первого порядка (нуклеусы) как предприятия нового типа, занимающиеся селекцией и разведением лучших животных с выдающимися генетически обусловленными племенными и продуктивными качествами. Вторым звеном данной системы являются племрепродукторы первого порядка, которые комплектуются высокоценными племенными свинками из ведущего «нуклеуса» и занимаются их размножением по получению свинок GP (прародители). Оценивая уровень технологического развития свиноводства в Беларуси на период до 2030 года, мы рассчитали индексы на все прогнозируемые годы (2020–2030 гг.) Существующий уровень технологического развития отрасли свиноводства в Беларуси оценивается как средний. В 2020–2021 гг. будет осуществлен переход свиноводства на умеренно-высокий, в 2022–2023 гг. – на высокий, а с 2025–2030 гг. – на интенсивный уровень технологического развития