Efectos del fuego prescrito sobre matorral en las propiedades del suelo

The edaphic factors have been evaluated in a sloping segment of 2,68 ha of the «Tuña» woodland municipality of Tineo, affected for descending controlled burns of Erica and Ulex with a yield of 1,5 ha h-1. The soil alterations, immediately after the controlled burns and to the 7, 30 and 90 day, took place to 0-2, 2-5 and 5-10 cm of depth, showing the existence of a temporary increment of the soil fertility (increase of C, N, K, Ca, Mg and specially of available P). Immediately after the fire, clay fraction diminished and sand it increased and vice versa to the 7, 30 and 90 days of the controlled burns. The increase of soil fertility after the fire it could be taken advantage for the quick establishment of a vegetal cover due to the regrowth of the burned vegetation.Se evaluaron las propiedades edáficas en un segmento de pendiente de 2,68 ha del «monte Tuña», municipio de Tineo, afectado por quema controlada a hecho descendente de Erica y Ulex con un rendimiento de 1,5 ha h-1. Las alteraciones en el suelo, inmediatamente después de la quema y a los 7, 30 y 90 días, se produjeron a 0-2, 2-5 y 5-10 cm de profundidad, demostrando la existencia de un incremento temporal de la fertilidad de los suelos quemados (aumento de C, N, K, Ca, Mg y sobre todo de P asimilable). Justo después del fuego hubo una disminución de la fracción arcilla y un aumento de la fracción arena y viceversa a los 7, 30 y 90 días de la quema. El aumento de fertilidad tras la quema podría ser aprovechado para el rápido establecimiento de una cubierta vegetal debido a la brotación de la vegetación quemada

Determinación de la eficacia de las estrategias de marketing mix en el deporte utilizados por universidades de Zimbabwe = Determining The Effectiveness Of Marketing Mix Strategies In Sport Used By Zimbabwean Universities

La naturaleza e importancia de la Dirección de Marketing en el sector terciario del Deporte en Zimbabwe es opaca y permanece bajo investigación. No existe un modelo integral de marketing deportivo, a pesar de que la Asociación de Educación Deportiva Terciaria en Zimbabue ha estado luchando para satisfacer las necesidades de sus clientes internos y externos. Las organizaciones del sector terciario deportivo se enfrentan a muchos retos, sobre todo en las áreas de la viabilidad financiera para hacerlo atractivo a los patrocinadores, a pesar de la escasa cobertura de los medios de comunicación, entre otras causas. Sin embargo, resultan ser ineficaces en términos de marketing en general, la realización de estudios de mercado para identificar las necesidades de los clientes. No existe un modelo integral de marketing deportivo para las asociaciones deportivas, aunque hay mucha demanda para su creación. La presente investigación analiza las estrategias que se pueden poner en marcha para dar aportar a estas asociaciones una ventaja competitiva. Los objetivos de la investigación han consistido en la revision de la naturaleza y eficacia de las estrategias de marketing deportivo que se utilizan por las asociaciones deportivas terciarias en Zimbabwe y la revision de la literature existente sobre el tema. El estudio adoptó un enfoque cualitativo y se realizó a fin de tener una visión más profunda de las asociaciones y su relación con grupos de interés commercial externos. En esta investigación, los datos se presentan en forma de tablas y gráficos, analizando los resultados de forma cualitativa, lo que permitió a los investigadores establecer posteriormente un analisis más cuantitativo. Se estableció como conclusions que las estrategias actuales de marketing utilizados por las asociaciones deportivas deben ser mejorados, recomendando principalmente el studio que adopten un modelo de enfoque estratégico de negocio en la gestión de sus asuntos-------------------------------------------------------------------------------The nature and significance of Marketing Management in the Zimbabwe Tertiary Sports sector is opaque and remains under researched. A comprehensive model of sports marketing does not exist. Zimbabwe Tertiary Education Sports Associations have been struggling to meet the needs of their internal and external customers. Organisations in the Tertiary Sport sector are facing many challenges, primarily in the areas of financial viability, attractiveness to sponsors and lack of media coverage among others. These were found to be ineffective in terms of marketing in general and conducting market researches to identify customer needs.  A comprehensive model of sports marketing for tertiary associations does not exist yet and there is need for it to be established. The research looks at the strategies that can be put in place to give the association a competitive advantage. The research objectives includes examining the nature and effectiveness of the sports marketing mix strategies used by Zimbabwean tertiary sports associations and identifying the sports marketing mix strategies used by Zimbabwean tertiary sports associations. Literature reviewed that it can be possible. The study adopted a qualitative approach. This was done so as to have a deeper insight of the associations and their link to external stakeholders. In this research data was presented in the form of tables and charts and analysis was done in qualitative form. This enabled the researcher to pick and analyse salient issues that could be analysed quantitatively. It was established that the current marketing mix strategies used by associations need to be improved on the findings. The study¿s major recommendation is to make the associations adopt a strategic business model approach in the running of their affairs.Artículo revisado por pare

Fast computation of multi-parametric electromagnetic fields in synchronous machines by using pgd-based fully separated representations

A novel Model Order Reduction (MOR) technique is developed to compute high-dimensional parametric solutions for electromagnetic fields in synchronous machines. Specifically, the intrusive version of the Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) is employed to simulate a Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The result is a virtual chart allowing real-time evaluation of the magnetic vector potential as a function of the operation point of the motor, or even as a function of constructive parameters, such as the remanent flux in permanent magnets. Currently, these solutions are highly demanded by the industry, especially with the recent developments in the Electric Vehicle (EV). In this framework, standard discretization techniques require highly time-consuming simulations when analyzing, for instance, the noise and vibration in electric motors. The proposed approach is able to construct a virtual chart within a few minutes of off-line simulation, thanks to the use of a fully separated representation in which the solution is written from a series of functions of the space and parameters coordinates, with full space separation made possible by the use of an adapted geometrical mapping. Finally, excellent performances are reported when comparing the reduced-order model with the more standard and computationally costly Finite Element solutions. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), a new impacting pest on Spanish vineyards

Research NoteInfestation caused by Xylotrechus arvicola (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) is becoming a new sanitary problem in some Spanish vine-producing areas. Symptoms caused by the pest, the identification of 7 associated wood fungal species living in galleries excavated by larvae, some data about the evolution of the infestation during 8 years in the same plot and the different levels of susceptibility exhibited by three grape varieties are presented in this paper

Fuero de Cuenca : fragmento conquense

Contiene: De nuevo sobre el Fuero de Cuenca / José Manuel Pérez -Prendes y Muñoz de Arraco. Fuero de Cuenca : fragmento conquense, [transcripción]. Fuero de Cuenca : fragmento conquense (facsímil)Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 201

Mechanisms of immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment and implications for targeted therapy

Cancer; Immunosuppression mechanisms; Tumor microenvironmentCáncer; Mecanismos de inmunosupresión; Microambiente tumoralCàncer; Mecanismes d'immunosupressió; Microambient tumoralThe efficacy of cancer therapies is limited to a great extent by immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Numerous immune escape mechanisms have been identified. These include not only processes associated with tumor, immune or stromal cells, but also humoral, metabolic, genetic and epigenetic factors within the TME. The identification of immune escape mechanisms has enabled the development of small molecules, nanomedicines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell and epigenetic therapies that can reprogram the TME and shift the host immune response towards promoting an antitumor effect. These approaches have translated into series of breakthroughs in cancer therapies, some of which have already been implemented in clinical practice. In the present article the authors provide an overview of some of the most important mechanisms of immunosuppression within the TME and the implications for targeted therapies against different cancers

Manejo de muestras lipémicas en el Laboratorio Clínico

Las interferencias analíticas en el laboratorio clínico pueden causar errores en la interpretación de los resultados de diversas magnitudes biológicas por parte del médico peticionario. Las interferencias analíticas más frecuentemente observadas en el laboratorio clínico son la hemólisis, ictericia y lipemia. La lipemia se define como la turbidez de la muestra causada por la acumulación de lipoproteínas, principalmente lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL) y quilomicrones. Existen diversos métodos de detección de muestras lipémicas, como por ejemplo, el índice lipémico o la determinación de triglicéridos en muestras de suero o plasma o la Concentración de Hemoglobina Corpuscular Media (CHCM) en muestras de sangre. Las empresas de diagnóstico in vitro son las responsables, según la Directiva Europea 98/79/CE, de realizar el estudio de las sustancias interferentes que pueden afectar a la medición de una magnitud. Existe una necesidad urgente de estandarizar la forma

Post-operative epiphora following the transcutaneous medial canthal incision

Purpose The safety profile of the transcutaneous medial canthal incision for access to the medial orbit is assessed with a focus on the risk of post-operative iatrogenic epiphora. Methods A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing medial orbitotomy via the transcutaneous medial canthal incision was performed. Patients with a minimum of 3 months of follow-up were included and post-operative complications were assessed and characterized. Results One-hundred-fifty patients were included in the study. A total of 4 complications were identified, including one each of the following: nasolacrimal duct obstruction, hypertrophic scar, suture granuloma and soft tissue infection. Only the nasolacrimal duct obstruction required surgical intervention. Discussion Access to the medial orbit has been achieved through a variety of approaches, each with their own benefits and risk profile. The transcaruncular approach has increased in usage as a means to avoid a visible cutaneous scar and decrease the risk of iatrogenic epiphora, however, there are specific patients who may have relative contraindications to this approach. The current study demonstrates the low risk profile of the transcutaneous medial canthal incision, specifically the minimal risk of iatrogenic damage to the nasolacrimal outflow system. This approach is another useful tool which orbit surgeons should be familiar with to offer as an option to patients requiring medial orbitotomy

Estudio teórico de algunas propiedades termodinámicas de los ácidos grasos obtenidos como destilados en la desodorización de aceites comestibles

Nowadays the feasibility of a change of technology in the deodorization stage of edible vegetable oil refining is being investigated. The proposed technology involves a modification in the composition of the distillates coming from the deodorization stage and their further treatment To design the apparatus which are required by the proposed technology it is necessary to study the physical properties of the distillates. The thermodynamic properties of the fatty acids: palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic, which are the principal components produced at the deodorization stage have been studied. The properties that have been studied were those corresponding to the critical point (critical temperature, pressure and volume), the vapour pressure-temperature relation and the latent heat of vaporisation. Different methods to estimate the above mentioned properties and some experimental published data have been compared.Estudio teórico de algunas propiedades termodinámicas de los ácidos grasos obtenidos como destilados en la desodorización de aceites comestibles Actualmente se investiga la viabilidad de un cambio en la tecnología de la desodorización de aceites comestibles que afecta a la composición de los destilados que se obtienen en el proceso y al tratamiento de los mismos. El diseño de los equipos que conlleva este cambio de tecnología requiere el estudio de propiedades físicas de los destilados. Se han estudiado algunas propiedades termodinámicas de los ácidos palmítico, esteárico, oleico y linoleico, componentes mayoritarios resultantes del proceso de desodorización. Las propiedades estudiadas han sido las correspondientes al punto crítico (temperatura, presión y volumen críticos), las curvas de presión de vapor en función de la temperatura y el calor latente de vaporización. Se han recogido distintos métodos de estimación de las mencionadas propiedades y algunos datos experimentales, y se han comparado los resultados obtenidos