Students as digital leaders in the classroom

Summary. Over the past few years, the growing use of technology in the classroom has left many teachers feelingoverwhelmed by the new imperatives of classroom management. Contemporary educators are faced with the needto devote attention not only to teaching and curricular matters, but also to other areas for which they are often notas well trained, including issues of digital competence and the tasks of resolving technical problems that sometimesarise with electronic devices in the classroom. This drove the school Jesuïtes Bellvitge to draw a distinction betweenpedagogical and educational aspects on the one hand and technical tasks on the other. The aim is to make possiblea greater focus of efforts on the ultimate goals of the teaching and learning process. The teacher acts as theclassroom leader when it comes to educational matters, but in every class there is a group of students who play therole of «ICT experts», both taking charge of technical issues in the classroom and offering support to the teacherand their classmates. The objective of this article is to collect data from the participants in this ICT experts programmeat Jesuïtes Bellvitge and to describe and assess the experience. The article concludes that this programmehas allowed for a broader use of ICT resources in the school, with classes of different grade levels now able to incorporatethem regardless of individual teachers’ digital competence.Resum. En els darrers anys, l’ús intensiu de les tecnologies a l’escola, ha provocat que el professor de vegades essenti desbordat quan ha d’atendre la gestió de l’aula i no tan sols els aspectes d’ensenyament i aprenentatge curricularssinó també altres, pels que sovint no està preparat, com són els relacionats amb la competència digital ila resolució de les incidències tècniques que es produeixen amb qualsevol dels dispositius de l’aula. És per això,que a l’escola Jesuïtes Bellvitge s’ha decidit separar els aspectes pedagògics i didàctics dels tècnics per tal de concentrarels esforços en la finalitat última del procés d’ensenyament i aprenentatge. El lideratge pedagògic de laclasse el porta el professor però és un grup d’alumnes «ICT experts» el que a cada classe porta el lideratge tecnològici fan de suport al professor de l’aula i als seus companys. En aquest article es pretén descriure i avaluarl’experiència dels ICT experts de l’escola Jesuïtes Bellvitge segons els seus protagonistes arribant a la conclusió queaquesta experiència, ha fet que l’ús de les TIC a l’aula es pugui estendre homogèniament en els diferents cursosamb independència de la competència digital docent del professor

Oratio de vera perfecti doctoris catholici idea :habita ad Senatum et Academiam Valentinam ... anni MDCCCXVIII

Segun Palau, XIV, 235974, el año de pub. fue 1818Sign.: [1]-4(4), 5(3

Oratio paraenetica de avita doctrinae laude recuperanda habita ad Senatum et Academiam Valentinam ... anni MDCCCXVII

Segun Palau, XIV, 235973, fué publicada en 1818Sign.: []2, 1-3(4), 4(2), 5(4

Flux of nitric oxide between the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea and the host plant

[EN]Nitric oxide (NO) production by Botrytis cinerea and the effect of externally supplied NO were studied during saprophytic growth and plant infection. Fluorescence analysis with 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate and electrochemical studies were conducted in vitro between 4 and 20h of incubation and in planta between 15 and 75 h post-inoculation. The production of NO by B. cinerea in vitro was detected inside the germinating spores and mycelium and in the surrounding medium. In planta production of NO showed a large variation that was dependent on the host plant and developmental stage of the infection. The induced production of NO was detected from 16 h of in vitro incubation in response to externally added NO. The production of NO by B. cinerea is probably modulated to promote fungal colonization of the plant tissue. The production of NO which diffuses outside the fungal cells and the induction of NO production by exogenous NO open up the possibility of NO cross-talk between the fungus and the plant. Finally, the existence of an NO concentration threshold is proposed, which may increase or reduce the plant defence against necrotrophic fungal pathogens

MCR-ALS on metabolic networks: Obtaining more meaningful pathways

[EN] With the aim of understanding the flux distributions across a metabolic network, i.e. within living cells, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been proposed to obtain a set of orthogonal components (pathways) capturing most of the variance in the flux data. The problems with this method are (i) that no additional information can be included in the model, and (ii) that orthogonality imposes a hard constraint, not always reasonably. To overcome these drawbacks, here we propose to use a more flexible approach such as Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) to obtain this set of biological pathways through the network. By using this method, different constraints can be included in the model, and the same source of variability can be present in different pathways, which is reasonable from a biological standpoint. This work follows a methodology developed for Pichia pastoris cultures grown on different carbon sources, lately presented in González-Martínez et al. (2014). In this paper a different grey modelling approach, which aims to incorporate a priori knowledge through constraints on the modelling algorithms, is applied to the same case of study. The results of both models are compared to show their strengths and weaknesses.Research in this study was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and FEDER funds from the European Union through grants DPI2011-28112-C04-01 and DPI2011-28112-C04-02. The authors are also grateful to Biopolis SL for supporting this research.Folch-Fortuny, A.; Tortajada Serra, M.; Prats-Montalbán, JM.; Llaneras Estrada, F.; Picó Marco, JA.; Ferrer Riquelme, AJ. (2015). MCR-ALS on metabolic networks: Obtaining more meaningful pathways. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 142:293-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2014.10.004S29330314

The Search for Nitrates on Mars by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument

Planetary models suggest that nitrogen was abundant in the early Martian atmosphere as N2 but it was lost by sputtering and photochemical loss to space, impact erosion, and chemical oxidation to nitrates. A nitrogen cycle may exist on Mars where nitrates, produced early in Mars' history, may have been later decomposed back into N2 by the current impact flux. Nitrates are a fundamental source of nitrogen for terrestrial microorganisms, and they have evolved metabolic pathways to perform both oxidation and reduction to drive a complete biological nitrogen cycle. Therefore, the characterization of nitrogen in Martian soils is important to assess habitability of the Martian environment, particularly with respect to the presence of nitrates. The only previous mission that was designed to search for soil nitrates was the Phoenix mission but N-containing species were not detected by TEGA or the MECA WCL. Nitrates have been tentatively identified in Nakhla meteorites, and if nitrogen was oxidized on Mars, this has important implications for the habitability potential of Mars. Here we report the results from the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite aboard the Curiosity rover during the first year of surface operations in Gale Crater. Samples from the Rocknest aeolian deposit and sedimentary rocks (John Klein) were heated to approx 835degC under helium flow and the evolved gases were analyzed by MS and GC-MS. Two and possibly three peaks may be associated with the release of m/z 30 at temperatures ranging from 180degC to 500degC. M/z 30 has been tentatively identified as NO; other plausible contributions include CH2O and an isotopologue of CO, 12C18O. NO, CH2O, and CO may be reaction products of reagents (MTBSTFA/DMF) carried from Earth for the wet chemical derivatization experiments with SAM and/or derived from indigenous soil nitrogenated organics. Laboratory analyses indicate that it is also possible that <550degC evolved NO is produced via reaction of HCl with nitrates arising from the decomposition of perchlorates. All sources of m/z 30 whether it be martian or terrestrial will be considered and their implications for Mars will be discussed

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic