Data curation standards and social science occupational information resources

Occupational information resources - data about the characteristics of different occupational positions - are widely used in the social sciences, across a range of disciplines and international contexts. They are available in many formats, most often constituting small electronic files that are made freely downloadable from academic web-pages. However there are several challenges associated with how occupational information resources are distributed to, and exploited by, social researchers. In this paper we describe features of occupational information resources, and indicate the role digital curation can play in exploiting them. We report upon the strategies used in the GEODE research project (Grid Enabled Occupational Data Environment, http://www.geode.stir.ac.uk). This project attempts to develop long-term standards for the distribution of occupational information resources, by providing a standardized framework-based electronic depository for occupational information resources, and by providing a data indexing service, based on e-Science middleware, which collates occupational information resources and makes them readily accessible to non-specialist social scientists

Data curation standards and the messy world of social science occupational information resources

Occupational information resources – data about the characteristics of different occupational positions – play a unique role in social science research. They are of relevance across diverse research disciplines and in numerous disparate contexts. They are also very widely available, typically freely downloadable from research-oriented academic web-pages. But they are also one of the most uncoordinated types of information resource that social scientists routinely come across. In this paper we describe issues in curating occupational information resources during the GEODE research project (Grid Enabled Occupational Data Environment, http:/www.geode.stir.ac.uk). This project attempts to develop long-term standards for the distribution of occupational information resources, by providing a standardised framework electronic depository for occupational information resources, and by providing a data-indexing service, premised upon eScience middleware, which collates occupational information resources and makes them readily accessible to non-specialist social scientists

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Ekspolitasi Seksual Komersial Anak (ESKA) Dalam Ranah Pariwisata

This article raises the Indonesian government's efforts to reduce commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) in the tourism industry. As a link in supporting the sustainable development agenda for the creation of a society that is earlier aware of sexual violence against children. CSEC will usually involve a lot of tourism actors, both foreign and domestic, who put children at a disadvantage physically and mentally. The purpose of this paper is to first look at the forms of CSEC in Indonesia and secondly, what strategic steps have been taken by Indonesia to prevent CSEC from occurring in the tourism sector. This research method includes normative research, which uses the doctrinal and theoretical principles in the science of law, regarding the legal materials used, which consist of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. This method uses the norms that apply to the conceptual approach, namely referring to concepts, principles, and theories that are related to the issues discussed. as well as based on several programs that have been implemented by the government and are carried out with limited prevention by maximizing the role of the various parties who are responsible for preventing cases of CSEC. These steps are of course carried out in order to create a harmonious environment in the life of the nation and state, as well as to protect citizens from the threat of crime

Declining Social Mobility? Evidence from five linked Censuses in England and Wales 1971-2011

In this paper we add to the existing evidence base on recent trends in inter-generational social mobility in England and Wales. We analyse data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (ONS-LS), which links individual records from the five decennial censuses between 1971 and 2011. The ONS-LS is an excellent data resource for the study of social mobility because it has a very large sample size, excellent population coverage and low rates of nonresponse and attrition across waves. Additionally, the structure of the study means that we can observe the occupations of LS-members' parents when they were children and follow their own progress in the labour market at regular intervals into middle age. Counter to widespread prevailing beliefs, our results show evidence of a small but significant increase in social fluidity between 1950s and the 1980s for both men and women

A New Look at Family Migration and Women's Employment Status

Family migration has a negative impact on women’s employment status. Using longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey (3,617 women; 22,354 women/wave observations) we consider two neglected issues. First, instead of relying on the distance moved to distinguish employment-related migrations, we use information on the reason for moving, allowing us to separate employment-related moves, stimulated by the man or the woman, from other moves. Second, we consider selection effects and the role of state dependence in relation to women’s employment status prior to moving. Moving for the sake of the man’s job has a significant negative effect on subsequent employment status for previously employed women. Women who were not employed previously benefited only slightly from family migration

Increasing inter-generational social mobility: is educational expansion the answer?

Reforms which increase the stock of education in a society have long been held by policy-makers as key to improving rates of intergenerational social mobility. Yet, despite the intuitive plausibility of this idea, the empirical evidence in support of an effect of educational expansion on social fluidity is both indirect and weak. In this paper we use the raising of the minimum school leaving age from 15 to 16 years in England and Wales in 1972 to estimate the effect of educational participation and qualification attainment on rates of intergenerational social class mobility. Because, in expectation, children born immediately before and after the policy was implemented are statistically exchangeable, the difference in the amount of education they received may be treated as exogenously determined. The exogenous nature of the additional education gain means that differences in rates of social mobility between cohorts affected by the reform can be treated as having been caused by the additional education. The data for the analysis come from the ONS Longitudinal Study, which links individual records from successive decennial censuses between 1971 and 2001. Our findings show that, although the reform resulted in an increase in educational attainment in the population as a whole and a weakening of the association between attainment and class origin, there was no reliably discernible increase in the rate of intergenerational social mobility

Consumption conundrums unravelled

While consumption has moved to centre stage in accounts of Britain’s industrialisation evidence on the mass transformation of homes and expenditure on novelty is hard to reconcile with the poor living standards experienced by many working people. Part of the conundrum arises from the limitations of available probate evidence but the motivational drivers behind raised consumption can also be questioned. Was it changed tastes or falling prices because of improved technology which prompted the purchase of new goods? Utilising evidence from an alternative source, property stolen through housebreaking and burglary as reported in the Old Bailey Papers and Proceedings for 1750-1821, we identify those goods that were commonly stolen as the fashion icons of their day, trace such goods back to their original owners, thus linking ownership and status, and through analysis over time show how consumption evolved. This analysis incorporates the influence of price and real incomes on ownership allowing the influence of price and fashion on consumption patterns to be separately identified. We find that, in addition to price and income effects, fashion had a strong influence, but this was not just emulation; differentiation too was evident. The evidence points to a complex interplay between desires and differentiation, aspiration and affordability in determining the goods people possessed.This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ehr.12084/abstract

Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu dan Tingkat Ekonomi Keluarga terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Balita

Perkembangan motorik pada balita terdiri atas perkembangan motorik kasar dan motorik halus. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik balita. Pengetahuan ibu terhadap perkembangan motorik balita dan tingkat ekonomi keluarga diduga dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dan tingkat ekonomi keluarga terhadap perkembangan motorik balita. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observational dengan disain cross sectional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah balita yang ada di Puskesmas Kraton, Yogyakarta pada periode waktu Mei – Juni 2012. Sampel yang diambil berjumlah 54 orang dengan perhitungan rumus untuk Uji Korelasi Spearman. Penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan ibu tentang perkembangan motorik balita baik (53,7%) dan tingkat ekonomi sedang 44,4%, tinggi 9,3%. Hasil analisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap perkembangan motorik balita bermakna dengan p=0,03. Hubungan tingkat ekonomi keluarga dengan perkembangan motorik balita bermakna dengan p=0,038. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dan tingkat ekonomi keluarga terhadap perkembangan motorik balita.   Motor development in infants consists of the development of gross motor and fine motor skills. Many factors influence infant motor development. Knowledge of mother to infant motor development might and level of economic family impact on infant motor development. This study aimed to determine the relationship between mother’s knowledge and level of economic family  on motor development toddlers. This study uses cross-sectional observational method design. The population is under five years old in the clinic Kraton, Yogyakarta on May – June 2012. Sampels taken around 54 people with the calculation formula for the Spearman correlation test. This reaseach show a relationship between mother’s knowledge and toddler motor development is significan with p=0,03. And the relationship between level of economic family income to the toddler motor fdevelopment is significan with p=0,038. The conclusion is there is relationship between mother’s knowledge and level of economic family income to the toddler motor fdevelopmen

Development of a Grid Enabled Occupational Data Environment

The GEODE project is developing user-oriented Grid-based services, accessible via a portal, for social scientists who require and use 'occupational information' within their research. There are many complexities associated with social scientists’ use of data on individual occupations. These arise for example from the availability of numerous alternative occupational classifications, and the use of different occupational definitions across countries. This paper describes how the GEODE project is developing an online service which acts as a facility supporting access to numerous occupational information resources. This is achieved through an integrated Grid service which uses a Globus Toolkit 4 infrastructure and OGSA-DAI (Database Access and Integration) middleware to provide the necessary data indexing and matching services, accessed through a user-oriented front-end portal (using GridSphere). The paper discusses issues in the implementation and organization of these services

Managing White-Collar Work: An Operations-Oriented Survey

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73896/1/j.1937-5956.2009.01002.x.pd