New species of fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from the Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia

Eleven new species of fungus gnats are described from Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia: Mycomya indistincta Polevoi sp.n., Boletina triangularis Polevoi sp.n., B. minuta Polevoi sp.n., B. populina Polevoi sp.n., B. onegensis Polevoi sp.n., Allodia vernalis Polevoi sp.n., Brevicornu neofasciculatum A. Zaitzev sp.n., B. setigerum A. Zaitzev sp.n., B. parafennicum A. Zaitzev sp.n., Dynatosoma dihaeta Polevoi sp.n., Phronia myrtilli Polevoi sp.n. Illustrations of male genitalia and ecological data are provided. Brevi cornu improvisum A. Zaitzev is recorded for the first time from the Palearctic region

New species of the genus Boletina Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from Fennoscandia

Nine new species of the fungus-gnat genus Boletina Winnertz (B. falcata sp. n., B. hedstroemi sp. n., B. struthioides sp. n., B. kivachiana sp. n., B. fennoscandica sp. n., B. lapponica sp. n., B. subtriangularis sp. n., B. atridentata sp. n. and B. cordata sp. n.) are described from Russian Karelia, Finland and Sweden. The descriptions are based on recently collected specimens as well as on the old material deposited in the collection of the Museum of Natural History, Helsinki, Finland. Most of the collecting localities are situated in oldgrowth reservations or habitats suggested to protection. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of genitalia are given. Ecological data and information on closely related species are provided

Two new species of the genus Phronia Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from Finland and Russian Karelia

Phronia avidoides sp.n. and Phronia fennica sp.n. are described based on several adult males collected by Malaise trapping, sweep-netting and rearing from decaying wood in Finland and Russian Karelia in the period 1989–2005. Detailed illustrations of male terminalia are also presented for three further closely related but poorly known species, Phronia avida Gagne, 1975, Phronia petulans Dziedzicki, 1889 and Phronia subsilvatica Hackman, 1970

Coelosynapha, a new genus of the subfamily Gnoristinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) with a circumpolar, Holarctic distribution

Background - The subfamily Gnoristinae is one of the most diverse and taxonomically difficult subfamilies of Mycetophilidae, with new species and genera being described almost every year from various parts of the world. Through inventories of fungus gnats in the Nordic Region and Russia, a genus and species new to science was discovered, yet with links back to an illustration made by the late French entomologist Loïc Matile in the 1980s. DNA barcoding aligned it with yet another species new to science, distributed across Canada and documented through The Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) by Paul D. N. Hebert and colleagues at the BOLD team. New information - The new Holarctic genus, Coelosynapha gen. n. is described, consisting of two new species, the Palaearctic Coelosynapha loici sp. n. and the Nearctic Coelosynapha heberti sp. n. DNA-barcodes assign the two new species to distinctly separated (8.27% p-distance) Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) which are most closely aligned to unidentified species of Mycetophilidae from South Australia and Costa Rica on BOLD. The new genus shows morphological characteristics in between the two Holarctic genera Coelosia Winnertz, 1864 and Synapha Meigen, 1818 and further shows affinity to the southern continents genus Austrosynapha Tonnoir, 1929. The Palaearctic Coelosynapha loici sp. n., for which habitat requirements are best documented, is largely restricted to pristine, old-growth conifer (mostly spruce, Picea abies ssp. obovata) forests within the boreal vegetation zone, although it is also recorded from hummock tundra along the Anadyr River in Far East Russia

Fungus gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) new to Finland

Thirty-seven species of fungus gnats new to Finland are reported. Eleven of these are reported in Fennoscandia for the first time: Diadocidia fissa Zaitzev, Macrocera estonica Landrock, M. nigricoxa Winnertz, M. pusilla Meigen, Boletina pallidula Edwards, Mycetophila morata Zaitzev, M. ostentanea Zaitzev, Trichonta nigritula Edwards, T. subterminalis Zaitzev & Menzel, Neoempheria winnertzi Edwards and Neuratelia sintenisi Lackschewitz. The records are based on original material collected in large-scale trapping projects in Southern and Eastern Finland mainly in old-growth forests during 1997–1998. Detailed information on Finnish findings, and data on the general distribution of the species are given. Several species are known with only one (typematerial) or a few previous records ranging from Norway to Sakhalin. For two poorly-known species, Neuratelia sintenisi Lackschewitz and Rymosia pinnata Ostroverkhova, new figures of male genitalia are presented

Quantum field theory of the van der Waals friction

The van der Waals friction between two semi-infinite solids, and between a small neutral particle and semi-infinite solid is reconsidered on the basis of thermal quantum field theory in the Matsubara formulation. The calculation of the friction to linear order in the sliding velocity is reduced to the finding of the equilibrium Green functions. Thus this approach cab be extended for bodsies with complex geometry. The friction calculated in this approach agrees with the friction calculated using a dynamical modification of the Lifshitz theory, which is based on the fluctuation-dissipation therem. We show that the van der Waals fricxtion can be measured in non-contact friction experiment using state-of-the art equipment

A Rarely Seen Taxonomic Revision with Immense Value for 41 Years and Counting: Reflections on the 1981 Monograph of Trichonta Winnertz, 1864 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) by Raymond Gagné, with an Integrative Revision of the Trichonta Vulcani (Dziedzicki, 1889) Species Complex.

We celebrate Raymond J. Gagné for his contributions to taxonomy of the Mycetophilidae (Diptera), specifically for his forty-one-years-old monograph of Holarctic Trichonta Winnertz, 1864 that is still the primary source used for species identification in the genus. We briefly reflect on his monograph´s impact and demonstrate by use of recent DNA barcode data extracted from BOLD Systems (BOLD) that the model for the distribution of Holarctic Mycetophilidae that Gagné presented in the monograph still holds up to scrutiny. To demonstrate the refined species concept now being applied by use of an integrative taxonomic approach that includes DNA barcodes, we revise a small, but distinct, species complex that Gagné recognized as one morphologically defined species and used as an example of an old pan-Holarctic taxon, Trichonta vulcani (Dziedzicki, 1889). We find the Trichonta vulcani species complex (sensu Kallweit 1998) to consist of at least six species in the Holarctic Region of which three are being described as new to science: Trichonta japonica Kurina, new species (East Palearctic), Trichonta neovulcani Kjaerandsen, new species (East Nearctic), Trichonta raymondgagnei Kjaerandsen, new species (Holarctic), Trichonta trifida Lundstrom, 1909 (wide Palearctic), Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898) (wide Palearctic), and Trichonta vulcani (Dziedzicki, 1889) (wide Palearctic). All six species are distinctly separated by DNA barcodes that correspond well to minor, but constant, differences in their male terminalia. However, one of the widespread species, Trichonta trifida, displays some genetic and morphological differentiation between western and eastern Palaearctic populations. We presently consider these populations conspecific pending broader sampling. We further propose a replacement name Trichonta nepalensis Kjaerandsen, new name for Trichonta superba Gagné, 1981, a junior primary homonym of Trichonta superba Ostroverkhova, 1979, the latter being a junior secondary synonym of Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898)

Опыт сравнительной грамматики словенских языков по четырем главным наречиям: церковно-словенскому, велико-российскому, чешскому (богемскому) и польскому. [Отдел 1], Имя существительное

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