TREINAMENTO RESISTIDO EM MULHERES IDOSAS NA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA: UMA PESQUISA BIBLIOMÉTRICA

Objetivo: foi realizar uma investigação bibliométrica na literatura sobre o tema do treinamento resistido em mulheres idosas. Metodologia: utilizou a bibliometria para as análises das seguintes variáveis: ano de publicação; autores com mais publicações; instituição de vínculo do autor; país da instituição de vínculo do autor; título do periódico e o fator de impacto (JCR 2017) dos periódicos. Foram utilizadas quatro bases de dados para a busca na literatura científica e técnica, com as palavras-chave “Older Women” e “Resistance Training”, limitando o ano (2012-2016) e obrigatoriamente artigos científicos publicados na íntegra. Após a exclusão das duplicações, foram totalizados 152 artigos científicos para a análise quantitativa. Resultados: a Scopus retornou 107 artigos científicos, a Web of Science – 79, a Pubmed – 82 e a SciELO – 8. Os periódicos com mais publicações quantificadas em cada base de dados foram: o Experimental Gerontology (Scopus); Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research e Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise (Web of Science); Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Pubmed); e as Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e a Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano (SciELO). Os autores Cyrino, E. S., da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brasil e a Liu-Ambrose, T., da University of British Columbia, Canadá, foram os pesquisadores com maior produtividade, com 15 e 11 publicações, respectivamente. Conclusão: conclui-se que o Brasil foi o país de destaque nas publicações referentes ao treinamento resistido em idosas no quinquênio (2012-2016). Já a instituição destaque foi a Universidade Estadual de Londrina, localizada no Norte e no interior do estado do Paraná, tendo como líder o pesquisador Cyrino, E. S

Evaluation of the effects of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. on inflammatory response and dental biofilm

Orientador: Francisco Carlos GroppoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi realizar o screening fitoquímico, quantificar metabólitos secundários e determinar a atividade antioxidante do extrato bruto hidroalcoólico das folhas de Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (batata-doce) (EBHBD). Foi determinada também sua toxicidade, atividade antimicrobiana e anti-inflamatória. Uma formulação farmacêutica em gel contendo o EBHBD foi desenvolvida para testar o seu efeito clínico no biofilme dental e gengivite em humanos. Os testes fitoquímicos foram realizados para determinar os componentes e quantificar os metabólitos secundários. A atividade antioxidante foi determinada pelo método do fosfomolibdênio. A análise toxicológica foi feita pelo teste de viabilidade celular e com o bioensaio utilizando Artemia salina (microcrustáceo). A análise microbiológica foi realizada por meio da sensibilidade em microrganismos aeróbios. A atividade anti-inflamatória foi avaliada em cultura de fibroblastos e com os testes de edema de orelha (camundongo) e pata (rato). A formulação em gel foi desenvolvida com EBHBD em hidroxietilicelulose, sendo conduzidos os testes de controle de qualidade (pH, densidade absoluta, consistência e avaliação microbiológica). O efeito do gel contendo EBHBD no biofilme dental e gengivite foi estudado utilizando um modelo de gengivite experimental parcial em humanos. Vinte e cinco indivíduos foram selecionados para participar deste estudo cruzado duplo-cego, no qual foram estabelecidos três períodos experimentais de 15 dias cada um com intervalo de 10 dias. Os pacientes foram submetidos a 3 tratamentos (T): T1- Gel placebo, T2- Gel contendo EBHBD a 10%; T3- Gel de clorexidina a 2% (controle positivo). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: índice de placa; índice de sangramento marginal modificado; fluido gengival e análise microbiológica do biofilme supragengival. Os dentes analisados foram: 15, 16, 35 e 36. Os resultados do estudo fitoquímico demonstraram a presença de flavonóides, alcalóides, antraquinonas, taninos e saponinas. A quantificação de metabólicos secundários mostrou em 100 g de material vegetal seco: fenólicos totais: 662,02 ± 28,91 mg; alcalóides: 345,65 ± 15,52 mg e antraquinonas: 328,44 ± 8,17 mg. A média da atividade antioxidante relativa do EBHBD foi igual a 43% e do gel foi 57%, em relação a 100% do total de atividade antioxidante atribuída ao ácido ascórbico. O EBHBD foi considerado atóxico e sem atividade antimicrobiana de acordo com os testes realizados. Foi observada redução na liberação de citocinas pró-inflamatórias em cultura de fibroblastos gengivais de humano (p0,05) entre os parâmetros avaliados (índice de placa, sangramento marginal, fluído gengival e contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias de biofilme supragengival). Dentro das limitações deste estudo, sugere-se que o EBHBD apresentou moderada atividade antioxidante e propriedades anti-inflamatórias in vitro, porém não apresentou efeito clínico sobre biofilme dental e inflamação gengivalAbstract: The aim of this research was to perform the phytochemical screening, secondary metabolites quantification and determine the antioxidant activity of crude extract of the leaves of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (sweet potato) (EBHBD). The crude toxicity, antimicrobial activity and anti-inflammatory properties were also determined. A gel pharmaceutical formulation containing EBHBD was developed and evaluated the clinical effect on dental biofilm and gingivitis in humans. Phytochemical tests were conducted to determine the components and quantify secondary metabolites. The antioxidant activity was determined by the phosphomolybdenum method. Toxicological bioassays were carried out on brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and cell viability test. The Antimicrobial activity was performed on aerobic microorganisms. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed in fibroblast cell culture and on the ear (mouse) and paw (rats) edema tests. The EBHBD hidroxietilicelulose gel formulation was developed and control quality tests were conducted (pH, absolute density, consistence and microbiological analysis). The effect of EBHBD gel on plaque and gingivitis was studied using an experimental model of partial gingivitis in humans. Twenty-five individuals were selected to participate in this double-blind crossover study, with three experimental periods of 15 days each with an interval of 10 days. The patients underwent three treatments (T): T1- Placebo gel, T2- 10% EBHBD gel T3- 2% chlorhexidine gel (positive control). The parameters evaluated were: plaque index, modified marginal bleeding index, gingival fluid and microbiological analysis of supragingival biofilm. Teeth evaluated: 15, 16, 35 and 36. The results demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins and saponins. The secondary metabolites quantification showed in 100 g of dried plant material: phenolic: 662.02 ± 28.91 mg; alkaloids: 345.65 ± 15.52 mg and anthraquinones: 328.44 ± 8.17 mg. The EBHBD antioxidant activity relative average was 43% and the 10% EBHBD gel was 57% in comparison of the ascorbic acid antioxidant activity (100%). The EBHBD was considered no toxic and no antimicrobial activity according to tests. The EBHBD reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines on human gingival fibroblast cell culture (p 0.05) among the parameters (plaque index, marginal gingival bleeding, gingival fluid and colony-forming unit of supragingival biofilm). Within the limits of this study, it was possible suggest that the EBHBD showed moderate antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties in vitro, but showed no clinical effect on plaque and gingivitisDoutoradoFarmacologia, Anestesiologia e TerapeuticaDoutor em Odontologi

Learning styles preferences and e-learning experience of undergraduate dental students

Abstract Introduction Education in the health sciences has been undergoing profound changes due to the incorporation of information and communication technologies. Students learn through a variety of approaches, according to their learning styles. Blended learning, which combines technology-aided learning (e-learning) with traditional face-to-face teaching methods, has been found to improve learning outcomes. Objective The aims of the present study were to evaluate the learning styles of undergraduate dental students and their experience towards the use of e-learning. Material and method Two electronic questionnaires were sent to 174 students. The learning styles were determined by the Felder & Soloman Index (ILS), which evaluates the following four dimensions of learning: processing information (active-reflexive); perceiving information (sensorial-intuitive); receiving information (visual-verbal); and understanding information (sequential-global). To determine the e-learning experience we used four questions (Likert scale – five-point) which addressed the experience and the use of information and communication technologies. Result Most students presented a well-balanced style for the active-reflective (60%) and sequential-global (68%) domains. The sensing style (64%) was predominant. A lower percentage presented a global characteristic (9%). We did not find significant differences regarding the age groups (19-21 and 22-33 years) and genders (P>0.05, χ 2). However, in terms of age the difference was significant concerning websites helping in learning (P=0.0363, Mann-Whitney). Conclusion We conclude that the students do not have the same learning styles and e-learning experience. Methods such as blended learning could provide advantages when teaching undergraduate dental students

Effect of desensitizing toothpastes on dentin

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of toothbrushing with desensitizing toothpastes on dentin permeability and dentinal tubule occlusion. Fifty rats provided two hundred incisor teeth divided into five groups: DW, brushed with distilled water (control); FT, brushed with fluoride toothpaste; SCT, brushed with strontium chloride toothpaste; PCT, brushed with potassium citrate toothpaste; and PNT, brushed with potassium nitrate toothpaste. Cavities were prepared to expose the dentinal tubules, and the incisor teeth were brushed using the experimental agents. After each treatment, Evans blue dye solution was applied to the teeth. Dentin permeability was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-rays (EDX). There were significant differences (p < 0.0001, ANOVA) among the groups regarding dentin permeability, number of dentinal tubules, diameter of dentinal tubules, and opened tubular area. In the SCT, PCT and PNT groups, opened and partially occluded tubules, deposits, and a few smear layers were observed. In the DW and FT groups, most of the dentinal tubules were open, with no deposits or smear layers on the dentin. EDX revealed peaks of calcium and phosphorus in all of the groups, as well as traces of strontium in the SCT group and of potassium in the PCT and PNT groups. Desensitizing toothpaste decreased dentin permeability, although it produced only partial dentin tubule occlusion

Influence of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxicillin in the plasma and tissues of rats with induced periapical lesion

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxycillin in the plasma and periapical tissues of rats with induced apical periodontitis. Methods Twenty-eight Wistar rats were divided into the following four groups: PL: placebo (saline); AM: amoxycillin (100 mg/kg); IB: ibuprofen-arginine (100 mg/kg); and AM+IB: amoxycillin (100 mg/kg) + ibuprofen-arginine (100 mg/kg). The animals were submitted to pulp exposure in the first lower left molar, which remained open for fifteen days; this was then closed with composite resin and remained for a further seven days. The treatments were performed using a single dose of the medication (gavage) one hour before taking the samples. Two mL of blood was collected from the aorta to obtain the blood plasma and the periapical tissue samples, which were homogenized to obtain the supernatant. The samples (plasma and the supernatant periapical tissue) were used to obtain the antibiogram for the analysis of the levels of amoxycillin in the plasma and periapical tissues. Results The amoxycillin concentration was higher in the AM group compared to the other groups (p 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). Conclusion Ibuprofenarginine can interfere with the plasma concentration of amoxycillin but this study failed to show the effect of ibuprofen-arginine on the concentration of amoxycillin in the periapical tissues

The influence of tooth brushing supervision on the dental plaque index and toothbrush wear in preschool children

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of tooth brushing supervision in one or more sessions on dental plaque removal and toothbrush wear. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 3- to 5-year-old children received new toothbrushes and attended a puppet theater about oral health. Forty-nine children were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups (GI=20; GII=14; GIII=14). Fones' brushing method was demonstrated to the GI and GII groups to evaluate the following: the professional direct supervision and tooth brushing training in five sessions (GI), the professional direct supervision and a one-training session (GII) and the puppet theater influence only (GIII-control group). The dental plaque index (IPL) was recorded at baseline (T0), after 24 days (T1) and after 46 days (T2) and toothbrush wear (ID) was recorded on T1 and T2. The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Friedman test (IPL), as well as the one-way ANOVA and the paired Student's t-test (ID) (p<0.05) were employed to analyze the data. RESULT: GI showed a significant difference from the others groups in T1 and T2 (p<0.01).The index of toothbrush wear increased (p<0.0001) from 24 days (0.52±0.35mm) to 46 days (0.90±0.48mm), but there was no significant association between toothbrush wear and plaque index for T1 (r=0.230-p= 0.116) as well as for T2 (r=0.226-p=0.121). CONCLUSION: The multiple sessions of professional supervision were effective to reduce the dental plaque index, which was not influenced by toothbrush wear, showing continuous oral hygiene motivation needs

Efficacy of Anesthetic Agents to Delay Pain Onset After Periodontal Surgery

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of 2 anesthetic agents on patients' postoperative pain perception after periodontal surgery. For this parallel-group, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial, 36 open flap debridement surgeries were performed on patients who presented with periodontal disease with clinical signs of inflammation after nonsurgical treatment on at least 1 quadrant. Patients were allocated to 1 of the following groups: group 1, 2% lidocaine with 1 ∶ 100,000 epinephrine; group 2, 2% mepivacaine with 1 ∶ 100,000 norepinephrine. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analog scale during the first 8 hours after surgery. All patients received 750-mg acetaminophen tablets, which they were instructed to take as a rescue medication if necessary. The results demonstrated that postoperative pain intensity was statistically lower in group 2 than in group 1 at the 1-, 2-, and 3-hour periods after surgery, although the pain intensity for all groups could be considered mild. In conclusion, patients in both groups reported similar mild pain after periodontal surgery