EFFICIENCY OF LAPAROSCOPY FOR PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM POLYTRAUMA WITH PREVAILING ABDOMINAL AND CHEST INJURIES

The author analyses the results of diagnostics and treatment of 822 patients suffering from the polytrauma with the prevailing abdominal and thorax injuries. In 428 cases the laparoscopy has been used for diagnosing and treatment. In 150 (35%) cases, no significant injuries have been discovered, and the surgery ended with the abdominal drainage. In 162 (37.9%) cases the laparoscopic surgery was conducted, and in 116 (27.1%) cases the conversion (laparostomy) was done. Operative mortality was 5 (3%) cases

Tensile strength of materials obtained by electric pulse consolidation of powders

A wide range of products of modern technology, obtained by electropulse consolidation of powders, has dimensions that do not exceed 10-15 mm in diameter, and their thickness varies from 1 to 10 mm. Standard mechanical testing methods for such sample sizes are often not applicable. The article investigates the possibility of determining the resistance to fracture of materials obtained from powders by electric pulse consolidation method using the test method for bending thin disks on an annular support and testing short cylinders according to the Brazilian test . A numerical simulation of the process of bending a thin disk on an annular support and compression of a short cylinder according to the “Brazilian test” scheme has been carried out. Techniques are verified by testing small-sized thin disks and short cylinders made of gray cast iron and graphite. It is revealed a difference in the nature of the destruction of cast iron samples (plastic failure) and samples of graphite (brittle fracture). The good correspondence of the characters of destruction of graphite samples and samples produced from powders by the electric pulse consolidation is shown. The results of comparative studies of the tensile strength of compacts of nano and ultrafine alumina powders with a spherical shape of particles obtained by the SPS method are presented. The influence of various additives and manufacturing technology of materials on the resistance of the material to brittle fracture is revealed. The effect of the thickness of the cylinders on the strength of aluminum oxide Al2O3 is investigated. The possibility of determining the tensile strength of materials obtained by consolidating from powders using the electric pulse method by bending small-sized thin disks on an annular support, and short cylinders using the “Brazilian test” scheme is demonstrated

Formation of Highly Productive Agrophytocenoses of Peas and Spring Rapeseed in Trans-Urals

In modern conditions, an important reserve for increasing yields and crops is the selection of varieties adapted to the environment. At the same time, there is an increasing need for varieties capable of maximizing the potential for productivity and quality. The purpose of the study is to analyze the ecological plasticity of pea and spring rapeseed varieties to increase the productivity of agrophytocenoses in the Trans-Urals. The studies revealed that in order to increase the productivity of pea and spring rapeseed agrophytocenoses in the conditions of Trans-Urals, high-yield pea varieties Thomas, Aksaisky leafless 55, Zauralsky 3 and Sibur shall be cultivated with a yield of 20.8-24.7 c/ha; spring rapeseed – Avangard, Atlant, Ozorno, 55 Region with the yield of 19.3-22.8 c/ha. High-intensity pea varieties include Aksaisky leafless 55, Zauralsky 3, Ulyanovets and Flagman 12 with the plasticity index of 1.1-1.2, spring rapeseed – Novik, Ermak, Altair and Mirakel with the plasticity index of 1.1-1.5 and stability equal to 3.5-10.5. The varieties that are poorly responsive to changing external conditions, but with high stable yields include Vatan, Samarius and Sibur pea varieties, spring rapeseed – Ratnik, Pramen, Smilla, Avangard, Atlant and Ozorno varieties

Advantages of the method of high-voltage consolidation of powder materials

The main features of high-voltage electropulse consolidation (H-VEC) of powder materials and the unique possibilities of the method caused by them are considered. The electro-thermal processes in the H-VEC at the contacts between the powder particles and in the macroscale of the whole consolidated sample are analyzed. The results of calculations of the dynamics of closure (collapse) of interparticle pores in the consolidated material are presented. The experimental results of high voltage consolidation W-based heavy alloys are discussed and a theoretical analysis of the kinetics of compaction of powder materials is made. The results of investigation of the macro- and microstructure of consolidated materials and the stress - strain testing are presented. Compression testing showed that all tested alloys bear compressive stress at room temperature without failure. Figure 1 shows a characteristic diagram of the compressive deformation, which indicates the appearance and development of plastic deformation at the stress above 1250 MPa. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ROBOTICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RUSSIA: SOME APPROACHES TO THE SOLUTION

Abstract: the article analyzes the main problems and contradictions in the formation of legal regimes for the regulation of robotics, artificial intelligence and other innovative technologies of our time. The work content shows the unpreparedness of modern legal science and practice to conceptual and legal design, legal and technical development of the regulatory legal acts aimed at the legislative fixation and regulation of the processes of using artificial intelligence and robots in public relations, as well as definition of responsibility and appropriate protection modes of legitimate interests, rights, freedoms in the system of personality - society - state. The subject of this study is the resolution of these problems and contradictions, as well as the identification of directions for the formation of a legal framework for the regulation of modern innovative technologies and digital processes unfolding in the modern society. The authors distinguish and analyze two consecutive stages: 1) development and introduction of necessary changes in the existingbranches of Russian law; 2) conceptual-legal and doctrinal-legal formulation of key development priorities, as well as reation of a new integrated branch of law - robotics law, which has an independent subject and method of legal regulation.Key words: drones, innovative technologies, artificial intelligence, law, legal regimes, robotic technologies,electronic perso

About loading of autotransformers in main electrical grids and conclusions for designing

The justification issues and the capacity selection of autotransformers in the main electrical grids, which require the accounting of the operation regimes of power units for the future of 10 or more years are considered. Appropriate methodological provisions for justification and choice in terms of gen-eralized load schedules, load capacity of transformer equipment, as well as assessing the reliability of elec-trical installations in the design and development of the energy systems are proposed

Stokes inversion techniques with neural networks: analysis of uncertainty in parameter estimation

Magnetic fields are responsible for a multitude of Solar phenomena, including such destructive events as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, with the number of such events rising as we approach the peak of the 11-year solar cycle, in approximately 2025. High-precision spectropolarimetric observations are necessary to understand the variability of the Sun. The field of quantitative inference of magnetic field vectors and related solar atmospheric parameters from such observations has long been investigated. In recent years, very sophisticated codes for spectropolarimetric observations have been developed. Over the past two decades, neural networks have been shown to be a fast and accurate alternative to classic inversion technique methods. However, most of these codes can be used to obtain point estimates of the parameters, so ambiguities, the degeneracies, and the uncertainties of each parameter remain uncovered. In this paper, we provide end-to-end inversion codes based on the simple Milne-Eddington model of the stellar atmosphere and deep neural networks to both parameter estimation and their uncertainty intervals. The proposed framework is designed in such a way that it can be expanded and adapted to other atmospheric models or combinations of them. Additional information can also be incorporated directly into the model. It is demonstrated that the proposed architecture provides high accuracy of results, including a reliable uncertainty estimation, even in the multidimensional case. The models are tested using simulation and real data samples.Comment: 17 pages with 7 figures and 3 tables, submitted to Solar Physic

The Legitimacy of the Government in the Political, Legal and Economic Space of Modern Russia: Features of Understanding of the Socio-cultural Reasons

The article presents theoretical-methodological foundations of social and cultural interpretation of the nature of legitimacy of power. The authors present arguments for the importance of the transition research the government as a whole, its institutions, processes of legitimation and legalization of the national legal system from class or liberal principles and heuristic schemes to different cultural methodologies using hermeneutic methods in the study of Russian political and legal reality. In this context, the article presents and analyses aspects of the modern conservative legal discourse. It should be noted that modern legal literature is taking place several basic approaches to the understanding of its essence: institutional and sociological neo-institutional. Each of these methods of treatment of political (or rather, the state-legal) regime is valuable because it reveals the one or the other aspect of it, so these three approaches allow to reveal the essence of the institutions of state and legal regime and its special functional nature. Any economic model that does not properly solve the problem of inequality eventually will face a crisis of legitimacy. Unbalanced market and the state will not allow the interaction of the economy to overcome the social and political instability, which in turn will harm the long-term economic growth and well-being (Nouriel Roubini). Keywords: political and legal organization of society, socio-cultural factors, national leader of the legal mentality, political regime, state power JEL Classification: M14, G30, D72, K4

THE FACTORS OF IMPACT ON CONTENT AND DYNAMICS OF LEGISLATION EVOLUTION

Purpose: Ensuring the rule of law, human rights, the principles of constitutionalism and the democratization of society, the factor analysis of legislation remains relevant during the period of transformation of state and public institutions. Methodology: The study of factors is present at the theoretical and applied levels: the subject of the theory of law traditionally captures the laws and trends in the formation of the legislative system, primarily in connection with the factors that determine the boundaries and scope of legal regulation. 50 surveys conducted to investigate the factors of impact on content and dynamic of legislation evolution Result: The analysis of the impact factors of influence on the content, structure, and dynamics of the legislation, which is always conditioned by the development of objective and subjective circumstances, is in the focus of the paper. The study of factors is especially relevant in the period of society's and its legal system transformation in the direction of ensuring the rule of law and human rights. Research puts emphasis on the development of forecasting principles of legislation evolution dynamics. Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the factors of impact on content and dynamics of legislation evolution is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Problemas de regulación legal de la robótica y la inteligencia artificial desde la perspectiva psicológica

The article analyzes the main problems and contradictions in the formation of legal regimes for the regulation of robotics, artificial intelligence and other innovative technologies of our time. The work content shows the unpreparedness of modern legal science and practice to conceptual and legal design, legal and technical development of the regulatory legal acts aimed at the legislative fixation and regulation of the processes of using artificial intelligence and robots in public relations, as well as definition of responsibility and appropriate protection modes of legitimate interests, rights, freedoms in the system of personality - society - state. The subject of this study is the resolution of these problems and contradictions, as well as the identification of directions for the formation of a legal framework for the regulation of modern innovative technologies and digital processes unfolding in the modern society. The authors distinguish and analyze two consecutive stages: 1) development and introduction of necessary changes in the existing branches of Russian law; 2) conceptual-legal and doctrinal-legal formulation of key development priorities, as well as creation of a new integrated branch of law - robotics law, which has an independent subject and method of legal regulation.El artículo analiza los principales problemas y contradicciones en la formación de regímenes legales para la regulación de la robótica, la inteligencia artificial y otras tecnologías innovadoras de nuestro tiempo. El contenido del trabajo muestra la falta de preparación de la ciencia y práctica legal moderna para el diseño conceptual y legal, el desarrollo legal y técnico de los actos legales regulatorios destinados a la fijación legislativa y la regulación de los procesos de uso de inteligencia artificial y robots en las relaciones públicas, así como definición de responsabilidad y modos apropiados de protección de intereses legítimos, derechos, libertades en el sistema de personalidad -sociedad -estado. El tema de este estudio es la resolución de estos problemas y contradicciones, así como la identificación de direcciones para la formación de un marco legal para la regulación de tecnologías modernas innovadoras y procesos digitales que se desarrollan en la sociedad moderna. Los autores distingueny analizan dos etapas consecutivas: 1) desarrollo e introducción de los cambios necesarios en las ramas existentes de la ley rusa; 2) formulación conceptual-legal y doctrinal-legal de prioridades clave de desarrollo, así como la creación de una nueva ramaintegrada del derecho: la ley de robótica, que tiene un tema y un método de regulación legal independientes