8 research outputs found
A review of biophysical and socio-economic effects of unconventional oil and gas extraction - implications for South Africa
The impacts associated with unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction will be cumulative in nature
and will most likely occur on a regional scale, highlighting the importance of using strategic decision-making and
management tools. Managing possible impacts responsibly is extremely important in a water scarce country
such as South Africa, versus countries where more water may be available for UOG extraction activities. This
review article explains the possible biophysical and socioeconomic
impacts associated with UOG extraction within the
South African context and how these complex impacts interlink.
Relevant policy and governance frameworks to manage these
impacts are also highlighted.The Water Research Commission, South Africa, is thanked for providing funding for this research.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvman2017-12-31hb2017Geolog
Vulnerability mapping as a tool to manage the environmental impacts of oil and gas extraction
Various biophysical and socio-economic impacts may
be associated with unconventional oil and gas (UOG)
extraction. A vulnerability map may assist governments
during environmental assessments, spatial planning and the
regulation of UOG extraction, as well as decision-making
around UOG extraction in fragile areas. A regional interactive
vulnerability map was developed for UOG extraction in
South Africa. This map covers groundwater, surface water,
vegetation, socio-economics and seismicity as mapping themes,
based on impacts that may emanate from UOG extraction.
The mapping themes were developed using a normative
approach, where expert input during the identification and
classification of vulnerability indicators may increase the
acceptability of the resultant map. This article describes the
development of the interactive vulnerability map for South
Africa, where UOG extraction is not yet allowed and where
regulations are still being developed to manage this activity.
The importance and policy implications of using vulnerability
maps for managing UOG extraction impacts in countries
where UOG extraction is planned are highlighted in this
article.The Water Research Commission, South Africahttp://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.orgam2018Geolog
Sexual health issues after lung transplantation: importance of cervical screening
To determine the incidence and outcomes of human papillomavirus infection and cervical abnormalities after lung transplantation, we performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of all 166 female recipients who underwent transplantation between February 1989 and June 2001 at our institution. The incidence of low-grade epithelial abnormality of the cervix, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, and the earliest pre-cancerous changes of the cervical epithelial cells, CIN 3, in the post-transplant cohort was 42.2 and 30, respectively, per 1,000 women screened compared with 8.3 and 6.2 per 1,000 women screened (20-69 years old) in a large reference population. We conclude that the incidence of cervical abnormalities in lung transplant recipients is significantly greater than in the general population. The importance of regular surveillance in immunosuppressed patients to decrease the burden of disease from this potentially fatal but treatable condition is emphasized
Monitoring of unconventional oil and gas extraction and its policy implications : a case study from South Africa
Biophysical and socio-economic monitoring during unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction is important to assess change and to have reference conditions against which to identify UOG extraction activity impacts. The large-scale cumulative impacts of UOG extraction makes standardised monitoring across geographic and socio-political regions important. This article emphasises the importance of a robust monitoring framework that must serve as a guideline for planning monitoring activities during UOG extraction. A case study from South Africa is presented to illustrate important aspects to address during the development of a UOG extraction monitoring framework. The South African case is critically assessed and resultant policy implications are discussed. Important policy considerations include performing baseline monitoring during UOG extraction, performing UOG extraction monitoring in an integrated, systematic, and standardised manner, ensuring that proper resources are available to perform the monitoring and implementing an adaptive management plan that is linked to UOG extraction monitoringThe Water Research Commission , South Africahttp://www.elsevier.com/locate/enpol2019-07-01hj2018Geolog
Vulnerability mapping as a tool to manage the environmental impacts of oil and gas extraction
Various biophysical and socio-economic impacts may
be associated with unconventional oil and gas (UOG)
extraction. A vulnerability map may assist governments
during environmental assessments, spatial planning and the
regulation of UOG extraction, as well as decision-making
around UOG extraction in fragile areas. A regional interactive
vulnerability map was developed for UOG extraction in
South Africa. This map covers groundwater, surface water,
vegetation, socio-economics and seismicity as mapping themes,
based on impacts that may emanate from UOG extraction.
The mapping themes were developed using a normative
approach, where expert input during the identification and
classification of vulnerability indicators may increase the
acceptability of the resultant map. This article describes the
development of the interactive vulnerability map for South
Africa, where UOG extraction is not yet allowed and where
regulations are still being developed to manage this activity.
The importance and policy implications of using vulnerability
maps for managing UOG extraction impacts in countries
where UOG extraction is planned are highlighted in this
article.The Water Research Commission, South Africahttp://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.orgam2018Geolog
Interactive vulnerability map data
The zip file contains shapefile data that was used in the interactive vulnerability map for UOG extraction as described in the article
A review of biophysical and socio-economic effects of unconventional oil and gas extraction – Implications for South Africa
The impacts associated with unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction will be cumulative in nature
and will most likely occur on a regional scale, highlighting the importance of using strategic decision-making and
management tools. Managing possible impacts responsibly is extremely important in a water scarce country
such as South Africa, versus countries where more water may be available for UOG extraction activities. This
review article explains the possible biophysical and socioeconomic
impacts associated with UOG extraction within the
South African context and how these complex impacts interlink.
Relevant policy and governance frameworks to manage these
impacts are also highlighted.The Water Research Commission, South Africa, is thanked for providing funding for this research.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvman2017-12-31hb2017Geolog