Application of plasmonic nanomaterials in nanomedicine

Plasmonic nanoparticles are being researched as a noninvasive tool for ultrasensitive diagnostic, spectroscopic and, recently, therapeutic technologies. With particular antibody coatings on nanoparticles, they attach to the abnormal cells of interest (cancer or otherwise). Once attached, nanoparticles can be activated/heated with UV/visible/IR, RF or X-ray pulses, damaging the surrounding area of the abnormal cell to the point of death. Here, we describe an integrated approach to improved plasmonic therapy composed of nanomaterial optimization and the development of a theory for selective radiation nanophotothermolysis of abnormal biological cells with gold nanoparticles and selfassembled nanoclusters. The theory takes into account radiation-induced linear and nonlinear synergistic effects in biological cells containing nanostructures, with focus on optical, thermal, bubble formation and nanoparticle explosion phenomena. On the basis of the developed models, we discuss new ideas and new dynamic modes for cancer treatment by radiation activated nanoheaters, which involve nanocluster aggregation in living cells, microbubbles overlapping around laser-heated intracellular nanoparticles/ clusters, and laser thermal explosion mode of single nanoparticles (‘nanobombs’) delivered to the cells. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2058

Selection for uniformity in livestock by exploiting genetic heterogeneity of residual variance

In some situations, it is worthwhile to change not only the mean, but also the variability of traits by selection. Genetic variation in residual variance may be utilised to improve uniformity in livestock populations by selection. The objective was to investigate the effects of genetic parameters, breeding goal, number of progeny per sire and breeding scheme on selection responses in mean and variance when applying index selection. Genetic parameters were obtained from the literature. Economic values for the mean and variance were derived for some standard non-linear profit equations, e.g. for traits with an intermediate optimum. The economic value of variance was in most situations negative, indicating that selection for reduced variance increases profit. Predicted responses in residual variance after one generation of selection were large, in some cases when the number of progeny per sire was at least 50, by more than 10% of the current residual variance. Progeny testing schemes were more efficient than sib-testing schemes in decreasing residual variance. With optimum traits, selection pressure shifts gradually from the mean to the variance when approaching the optimum. Genetic improvement of uniformity is particularly interesting for traits where the current population mean is near an intermediate optimum

CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ PREFERENCES ON THEIR TEACHERS’ CODE-SWITCHING AND READING COMPREHENSION PERFORMANCE

Abstract: The use of Indonesian language in teaching English practices still becomes an issue. There are teachers who agree with the use of Indonesian language in teaching English practices, but not a few teachers also disagree with it. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find out whether or not there was any significant correlation between students’ preferences on their teachers’ code-switching and reading comprehension achievement of Eighth graders of SMP Tri Dharma Palembang and the contribution from students’ preferences on their teachers’ code-switching to their reading comprehension achievement. The simple random sampling technique was used to get the sample. Therefore, 35 out of 140 students were selected to become the sample of the study. There were 3 instruments which were used in this study. The first instrument was students’ preferences questionnaire to know whether the students have negative or positive tendency toward the use of Indonesian language. The second instrument was teachers’ questionnaire to compare and make sure the validity of the result of the students’ questionnaire. The last instrument was a reading test to measure the students’ reading comprehension achievement. The results of this study were; 1) There were students (88.6%) who had positive tendency toward their teachers’ code-switching, 2) All of the teachers who taught the students agreed that Indonesian language should be used in teaching English, 3) The mean of the students’ reading score was 66.7, 4) There was a significant correlation between students’ preferences on their teachers’ code-switching and students’ reading comprehension achievement (p-value 0.000 < 0.05), 5) The influence of students’ preferences to students’ reading achievement was 40.1%. Keywords: students’ preferences, indonesian language, reading comprehension achievement

Photon shot-noise limited transient absorption soft X-ray spectroscopy at the European XFEL

Femtosecond transient soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a very promising technique that can be employed at X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FELs) to investigate out-of-equilibrium dynamics for material and energy research. Here we present a dedicated setup for soft X-rays available at the Spectroscopy & Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EuXFEL). It consists of a beam-splitting off-axis zone plate (BOZ) used in transmission to create three copies of the incoming beam, which are used to measure the transmitted intensity through the excited and unexcited sample, as well as to monitor the incoming intensity. Since these three intensity signals are detected shot-by-shot and simultaneously, this setup allows normalized shot-by-shot analysis of the transmission. For photon detection, the DSSC imaging detector, which is capable of recording up to 800 images at 4.5 MHz frame rate during the FEL burst, is employed and allows approaching the photon shot-noise limit. We review the setup and its capabilities, as well as the online and offline analysis tools provided to users.Comment: 11 figure

The Influence of Problem Characteristics, Regulatory and Non-Regulatory Supporting Capabilities on The Process of Implementing E-Learning Online Learning Policies at Nusa Cendana University

This research aims to analyze the influence of problem characteristic factors, regulatory and non-regulatory carrying capacity on the implementation process of e-learning based online learning policies at Nusa Cendana University. This type of research uses a positivism paradigm with a quantitative approach, where to obtain the truth of the data, direct interviews are conducted with the object under study. The sample used in this research was 467 people who were lecturers and students at Nusa Cendana University. Research data was analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and PLS-SEM inferential statistics. The results obtained show that descriptively the four variables received a good category response with indicators of problem characteristic factors reaching 73.28%, regulatory carrying capacity of 78.27%, non-regulatory carrying capacity of 77.11% and the e-learning implementation process of 75.05%. Hypothesis testing shows that the problem characteristic factor has a significant positive influence (p&lt;0.05) directly at 18.4% and through non-regulatory carrying capacity at 48.3% but through regulatory carrying capacity at only 5.3% it does not have a significant influence (p&gt;0.05) towards the process of implementing e-learning based online learning policies at Nusa Cendana University. The results of the determinant test show that the problem characteristic factors have a significant moderate/moderate influence (p&lt;0.05) through regulatory carrying capacity of 50.2% and through non-regulatory carrying capacity of 53.0% but together/simultaneously they give a strong influence of 75.3% while 24.7% was influenced by other factors outside this research

Selection for uniformity in livestock by exploiting genetic heterogeneity of residual variance

In some situations, it is worthwhile to change not only the mean, but also the variability of traits by selection. Genetic variation in residual variance may be utilised to improve uniformity in livestock populations by selection. The objective was to investigate the effects of genetic parameters, breeding goal, number of progeny per sire and breeding scheme on selection responses in mean and variance when applying index selection. Genetic parameters were obtained from the literature. Economic values for the mean and variance were derived for some standard non-linear profit equations, e.g. for traits with an intermediate optimum. The economic value of variance was in most situations negative, indicating that selection for reduced variance increases profit. Predicted responses in residual variance after one generation of selection were large, in some cases when the number of progeny per sire was at least 50, by more than 10% of the current residual variance. Progeny testing schemes were more efficient than sib-testing schemes in decreasing residual variance. With optimum traits, selection pressure shifts gradually from the mean to the variance when approaching the optimum. Genetic improvement of uniformity is particularly interesting for traits where the current population mean is near an intermediate optimum.

Kin selection response_figure groups size 16 current

Excel program to find expected responses to individual and kin selectio

Kin selection data

Raw data weight by hatch and minigeneration and method of selectio

Genetic Improvement of Traits Affected by Interactions Among Individuals: Sib Selection Schemes

Livestock populations are usually kept in groups. As a consequence, social interactions among individuals affect productivity, health, and welfare. Current selection methods (individual selection), however, ignore those interactions and yield suboptimal or in some cases even negative responses. In principle, selection between groups instead of individuals offers a solution, but has rarely been adopted in practice for two reasons. First, the relationship between group selection theory and common animal breeding concepts, such as the accuracy of selection, is unclear. Second, application of group selection requires keeping selection candidates in groups, which is often undesirable in practice. This work has two objectives. First, we derive expressions for the accuracy of individual and group selection, which provides a measurement of quality for those methods. Second, we investigate the opportunity to improve traits affected by interactions by using information on relatives kept in family groups, while keeping selection candidates individually. The accuracy of selection based on relatives is shown to be an analogy of the classical expression for traits not affected by interactions. Our results show that selection based on relatives offers good opportunities for effective genetic improvement of traits affected by interactions