Intraoperative carcinoid syndrome during small-bowel neuroendocrine tumour surgery

Only few descriptions of intraoperative carcinoid syndrome (ioCS) have been reported. The primary objective of this study was to describe ioCS. A second aim was to identify risk factors of ioCS. We retrospectively analysed patients operated for small-bowel neuroendocrine tumour in our institution between 2007 and 2015, and receiving our preventive local regimen of octreotide continuous administration. ioCS was defined as highly probable in case of rapid (<5 min) arterial blood pressure changes ≥40%, not explained by surgical/anaesthetic management and regressive ≥20% after octreotide bolus injection. Probable cases were ioCS which did not meet all criteria of highly-probable ioCS. Suspected ioCS were detected on the anaesthesia record by an injection of octreotide due to a manifestation which did not meet the criteria for highly-probable or probable ioCS. A total of 81 patients (liver metastases: 59, prior carcinoid syndrome: 49, carcinoid heart disease: 7) were included; 139 ioCS occurred in 45 patients: 45 highly probable, 67 probable and 27 suspected. ioCs was hypertensive (91%) and/or hypotensive (29%). There was no factor, including the use of vasopressors, significantly associated with the occurrence of an ioCS. All surgeries were completed and one patient died from cardiac failure 4 days after surgery. After preoperative octreotide continuous infusion, ioCS were mainly hypertensive. No ioCS risk factors, including vasopressor use, were identified. No intraoperative carcinoid crisis occurred, suggesting the clinical relevance of a standardized octreotide prophylaxis protocol

New in situ techniques for the estimation of the dielectric properties and moisture content of soils

International audienc

Genetic diversity, structure, gene flow and evolutionary relationships within the Sorghum bicolor wild-weedy-crop complex in a western African region

UMR 1334 AGAP : Equipe AFEF ‘Architecture et Fonctionnement des Espèces fruitières’ ; Team AFFS ‘Architecture and Functioning of Fruit Species’ Contact: [email protected] audienceGene flow between domesticated plants and their wild relatives is one of the major evolutionary processes acting to shape their structure of genetic diversity. Earlier literature, in the 1970s, reported on the interfertility and the sympatry of wild, weedy and cultivated sorghum belonging to the species Sorghum bicolor in most regions of sub-Saharan Africa. However, only a few recent surveys have addressed the geographical and ecological distribution of sorghum wild relatives and their genetic structure. These features are poorly documented, especially in western Africa, a centre of diversity for this crop. We report here on an exhaustive in situ collection of wild, weedy and cultivated sorghum assembled in Mali and in Guinea. The extent and pattern of genetic diversity were assessed with 15 SSRs within the cultivated pool (455 accessions), the wild pool (91 wild and weedy forms) and between them. FST and RST statistics, distance-based trees, Bayesian clustering methods, as well as isolation by distance models, were used to infer evolutionary relationships within the wild–weedy–crop complex. Firstly, our analyses highlighted a strong racial structure of genetic diversity within cultivated sorghum (FST = 0.40). Secondly, clustering analyses highlighted the introgressed nature of most of the wild and weedy sorghum and grouped them into two ecogeographical groups. Such closeness between wild and crop sorghum could be the result of both sorghum’s domestication history and preferential post-domestication crop-to-wild gene flow enhanced by farmers’ practices. Finally, isolation by distance analyses showed strong spatial genetic structure within each pool, due to spatially limited dispersal, and suggested consequent gene flow between the wild and the crop pools, also supported by RST analyses. Our findings thus revealed important features for the collection, conservation and biosafety of domesticated and wild sorghum in their centre of diversity

Les chaussées urbaines démontables : Une nouvelle technologie pour des chantiers furtifs

Une chaussée urbaine démontable (CUD) est une chausssée qui peut être rapidement ouverte et refermée, à l'aide d'équipements légers, pour un accès rapide à des réseaux souterrains. La CUD est à une chaussée classique ce qu'une fenêtre est à un mur plein. Il ne semble pas qu'aucune chaussée de ce type ait été construite auparavant, même si on peut en voir des prémices dans certaines chaussées militaires, ou dans le contexte des sols industriels. Une enquête menée en France auprès de maîtrises d'ouvrage urbaines a montré l'intérêt potentiel du concept de CUD, en particulier pour la réduction de la gêne à l'usager imputable aux travaux d'entretien sur chaussée et sur réseaux. Deux villes, St Aubin-lès-Elbeuf (près de Rouen, Seine-Maritime) et Nantes (Loire-Atlantique) ont accepté de participer à l'opération de recherche, en formulant un cahier des charges s'appliquant à des rues démontables, à construire dans des lotissements nouveaux. Sur cette base, des conceptions originales ont été proposées, basées sur des dalles de béton préfabriqué, de forme hexagonale, supportées par une assise en graveciment réexcavable. Une telle structure a été testée avec succès sur le manège de fatigue des structures routières du LCPC. Deux chantiers expérimentaux se dérouleront dans les mois qui viennent, dans le but de démontrer la faisabilité et l'intérêt de cette nouvelle technologie

Cardiovascular Characteristics and Outcomes of Young Patients with COVID-19

International audienceAlthough 18–45-year-old (y-o) patients represent a significant proportion of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, data concerning the young population remain scarce. The Critical COVID France (CCF) study was an observational study including consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in 24 centers between 26 February and 20 April 2020. The primary composite outcome included transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) or in-hospital death. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular (CV) complications. Among 2868 patients, 321 (11.2%) patients were in the 18–45-y-o range. In comparison with older patients, young patients were more likely to have class 2 obesity and less likely to have hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. The primary outcome occurred less frequently in 18–45-y-o patients in comparison with patients > 45 years old (y/o) (16.8% vs. 30.7%, p 45 y/o. Acute heart failure occurred less frequently in 18–45-y-o patients (0.9% vs. 7.2%, p < 0.001), while thrombotic complications were similar in young and older patients. Whereas both transfer to the ICU and in-hospital death occurred less frequently in young patients, COVID-19 seemed to have a particular CV impact in this population