Strangeness Electromagnetic Production on Nucleons and Nuclei

Isobar models for the electromagnetic production of kaons are discussed with emphasis on the K^+ photoproduction at very small kaon angles and K^0 photoproduction on deuteron. Distorted-wave impuls approximation calculations of the cross sections for the electroproduction of hypernuclei are presented on the case of the ^{12}B_\Lambda production.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, talk presented at the 10th Int. Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics, Tokai, Japan, Sept. 14 - 18, 200

Criminal Liability for the Dissemination of Illegal Content on the Internet

and key words Thesis title: Criminal Liability for the Dissemination of Illegal Content on the Internet The thesis deals with the issue of criminal liability for the dissemination of illegal content on the Internet with a closer focus on the issue of hate crime, extremism and terrorism. It is divided into two parts, each of which represents a separate chapter. The work is mostly based on case law sources, but parts dedicated to cases in which are criminal proceedings still pending are using Internet sources mainly. The first part categorizes harmful content on the Internet and enumerates the possibilities of its regulation, then deals more generally with concept of criminal liability, distinguishing the specifics of natural and legal persons. It deals with other possibilities of sanctions of legal persons by instruments other than criminal law, including giving examples from case law where these instruments were used. It defines the terms "cyberspace", "cybercrime", "computer crime", discusses the scope of criminal law on the Internet. It also addresses the problem areas of sanctioning hate speech in terms of the international nature of cyberspace, in particular with regard to differences in freedom of speech legislation in the United States, including specific examples where, despite differences,...a klíčová slova Název práce: Trestněprávní odpovědnost za šíření protiprávního obsahu v prostředí Internetu Práce se věnuje problematice trestněprávní odpovědnosti za šíření protiprávního obsahu v prostředí Internetu s bližším zaměřením na problematiku nenávistných, extremistických a teroristických trestných činů. Je dělena na dvě části, kdy každá z nich představuje samostatnou kapitolu. Práce vychází většinově z judikatury, popř. zejména v případech dosud pravomocně neskončených trestních řízení z internetových zdrojů. První část kategorizuje škodlivý obsah na Internetu a uvádí možnosti jeho regulace, dále se zaobírá obecněji mechanismem vzniku a zániku trestněprávní odpovědnosti s rozlišením specifik fyzických a právnických osob. Věnuje se dalším možnostem postižení právnických osob jinými prostředky než trestněprávními, včetně uvedení příkladů z praxe, kdy bylo těchto institutů využito. Vymezuje pojmy "kyberprostor", "kyberkriminalita" "počítačová kriminalita", pojednává o působnosti trestních předpisů na Internetu. Rovněž se zaobírá úskalími postihu šíření nenávistného obsahu z hlediska mezinárodního charakteru kyberprostoru, zejména pak s ohledem na odlišnost právní úpravy svobody projevu ve Spojených státech amerických, včetně uvedení konkrétních příkladů, kdy i přes rozdílnost lze očekávat...Department of Criminal LawKatedra trestního právaPrávnická fakultaFaculty of La

Effect of the KK‾K\overline{K} and ηη\eta\eta channels and interference phenomena in the two-pion and KK‾K\overline{K} transitions of charmonia and bottomonia

It is shown that the basic shape of dipion and $K\overline{K}$ mass spectra in decays $J/\psi\to\phi(\pi\pi,K\overline{K})$, $\psi(2S)\to J/\psi\,\pi\pi$, $Y(4260)\to J/\phi~\pi\pi$ and in the two-pion transitions of bottomonia states are explained by an unified mechanism based on the contribution of the $\pi\pi$, $K\overline{K}$ and $\eta\eta$ coupled channels including their interference. The role of the individual $f_0$ resonances in making up the shape of the dipion mass distributions in the charmonia and bottomonia decays is considered.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure

Parameters of scalar resonances from the combined analysis of data on processes ππ→ππ,KKˉ,ηη\pi\pi\to\pi\pi,K\bar{K},\eta\eta and J/ψJ/\psi decays

A combined analysis of data on isoscalar S-wave processes $\pi\pi\to\pi\pi,K\overline{K},\eta\eta$ and on decays $J/\psi\to\phi\pi\pi,\phi K\overline{K}$ from the DM2, Mark III and BESIII collaborations is performed to study $f_0$ mesons. The method of analysis is based on analyticity and unitarity and uses an uniformization procedure. In the analysis limited only to the multi-channel $\pi\pi$-scattering data, two possible sets of parameters of the $f_0(500)$ were found: in both cases the mass was about 700 MeV but the total width was either about 600 or 930 MeV. The extension of the analysis using only the DM2 and Mark III data on the $J/\psi$ decays does not allow to choose between these sets. However, the data from BESIII on the di-pion mass distribution in the decay $J/\psi\to\phi\pi^+\pi^-$ clearly prefers the wider $f_0(500)$ state. Spectroscopic implications from results of the analysis are also discussed.Comment: the formalism is also described (text overlap) in arXiv:1108.3725; new extended analysis of data; revised PRD versio

Masses and widths of scalar-isoscalar multi-channel resonances from data analysis

Peculiarities of obtaining parameters for broad multi-channel resonances from data are discussed analyzing the experimental data on processes $\pi\pi\to\pi\pi,K\bar{K}$ in the $I^GJ^{PC}=0^+0^{++}$ channel in a model-independent approach based on analyticity and unitarity and using an uniformization procedure. We show that it is possible to obtain a good description of the $\pi\pi$ scattering data from the threshold to 1.89 GeV with parameters of resonances cited in the PDG tables as preferred. However, in this case, first, representation of the $\pi\pi$ background is unsatisfactory; second, the data on the coupled process $\pi\pi\to K\bar{K}$ are not well described even qualitatively above 1.15 GeV when using the resonance parameters from the only $\pi\pi$ scattering analysis. The combined analysis of these coupled processes is needed, which is carried out satisfactorily. Then both above-indicated flaws, related to the analysis of solely the $\pi\pi$-scattering, are cured. The most remarkable change of parameters with respect to the values of only $\pi\pi$ scattering analysis appears for the mass of the $f_0 (600)$ which is now in some accordance with the Weinberg prediction on the basis of mended symmetry and with an analysis using the large-$N_c$ consistency conditions between the unitarization and resonance saturation. The obtained $\pi\pi$-scattering length $a_0^0$ in case when we restrict to the analysis of the $\pi\pi$ scattering or consider so-called A-solution (with a lower mass and width of $f_0(600)$ meson) agrees well with prediction of chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) and with data extracted at CERN by the NA48/2 Collaboration from the analysis of the $K_{e4}$ decay and by the DIRAC Collaboration from the measurement of the $\pi^+\pi^-$ lifetime.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures, 6 table

On nature of the scalar-isoscalar mesons in the uniformizing-variable method based on analyticity and unitarity

The experimental data on the processes $\pi\pi\to\pi\pi,K\bar{K},\eta\eta,\eta\eta^\prime$ in the $I^GJ^{PC}=0^+0^{++}$ channel have been jointly analyzed to study the status and nature of the $f_0$. The method of analysis is based on analyticity and unitarity and uses an uniformization procedure. Some spectroscopic implications from results of the analysis are discussed.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, 9 table

Electroproduction, photoproduction, and inverse electroproduction of pions in the first resonance region

Methods are set forth for determining the hadron electromagnetic structure in the sub-$N\bar{N}$-threshold timelike region of the virtual-photon ``mass'' and for investigating the nucleon weak structure in the spacelike region from experimental data on the process $\pi N\to e^+e^- N$ at low energies. These methods are formulated using the unified description of photoproduction, electroproduction, and inverse electroproduction of pions in the first resonance region in the framework of the dispersion-relation model and on the basis of the model-independent properties of inverse electroproduction. Applications of these methods are also shown.Comment: The revised published version; Revtex4, 18 pages, 6 figure

Criminal Liability for the Dissemination of Illegal Content on the Internet

and key words Thesis title: Criminal Liability for the Dissemination of Illegal Content on the Internet The thesis deals with the issue of criminal liability for the dissemination of illegal content on the Internet with a closer focus on the issue of hate crime, extremism and terrorism. It is divided into two parts, each of which represents a separate chapter. The work is mostly based on case law sources, but parts dedicated to cases in which are criminal proceedings still pending are using Internet sources mainly. The first part categorizes harmful content on the Internet and enumerates the possibilities of its regulation, then deals more generally with concept of criminal liability, distinguishing the specifics of natural and legal persons. It deals with other possibilities of sanctions of legal persons by instruments other than criminal law, including giving examples from case law where these instruments were used. It defines the terms "cyberspace", "cybercrime", "computer crime", discusses the scope of criminal law on the Internet. It also addresses the problem areas of sanctioning hate speech in terms of the international nature of cyberspace, in particular with regard to differences in freedom of speech legislation in the United States, including specific examples where, despite differences,..

La montée du nationalisme dans les pays francophones

Cílem mé bakalářské práce s názvem Nacionalismus ve Francii bylo vysvětlit pojmy jako nacionalismus, patriotismus, šovinismus, národ, stát, atd. Na začátku mé práce jsem se zabýval základními definicemi těchto pojmů. Bylo důležité použít různé definice od více autorů, neboť se jedná o velmi složité koncepty. Dále jsem se soustředil na na jednotlivé podmínky vzniku národa, jako jsou etnika, jazyk, geografie, atd. Poté jsem se soustředil na vysvětlení souvisejících pojmů jako patriotismus, šovinismus a populismus. Dále jsem se také věnoval politickým a minoritním otázkám a v jedné kapitole jsem se pokusil popsat jakýsi archetyp typické francouze. V praktické části jsem se zabýval analýzou populistického textu, projev Marine Le Pen, kde jsem se pokusil odhalit jednotlivé nacionalistické nebo populistické prvky. Dále jsem vytvořil dotazníkové šetření, kde jsem zjišťoval názory studentů univerizty z Artois na problematiku nacionalismu a souvisejících otázek. Dotazník byl vytvořen pomocí internetové služby Survio. Doufám, že se mi podařilo jasně vysvětlit tyto pojmy a také, že tato práce by snad mohla být nápomocna lidem, kteří si nejsou jisti, jak se k takovýmto abstraktním konceptům stavět.ObhájenoThe aim of my bachelor thesis, entitled Nationalism in France, was to explain concepts such as nationalism, patriotism, chauvinism, nation, state, etc. At the beginning of my work, I dealt with the basic definitions of these concepts. It was important to use different definitions from multiple authors, as these are very complex concepts. AFTERWARDS, I focused on the particular conditions of nation formation, such as ethnicity, language, geography, etc. Then I focused on explaining related concepts such as patriotism, chauvinism and populism. I also dealt with the political and minority questions. I have tried to describe some kind of an archetyp of a classical French person. In the last part, I dealt with the analysis of the populist text, Marine Le Pen's speech, where I tried to reveal individual nationalist or populist elements. I have also created and online questionnaire dealing with nationalism and related questions. I hope that I have been able to clearly explain these concepts and that this work might perhaps be helpful to people who are not sure how to approachsuch abstract concepts