4,687 research outputs found
Know Your Apples
Guide to apple and crab apple varieties suggested for planting in South Dakota
Apples
This publication provides a table of apple cultivars suggested for planting in South Dakota. It includes season of use, characteristics, and uses of each cultivar
Fruit Varieties for South Dakota
Guide to fruit varieties for South Dakota describes five fruit districts, and includes comments of dwarf trees and so-called five inch in one inch trees
Pruning Fruit Trees
This publication provides diagrams of pruning and training techniques for fruit trees
Polarized Parton Distribution in Neutrino Induced Heavy Flavor Production
In order to examine polarized strange quark distribution, semi-inclusive
D/\Dbar production in neutrino deep inelastic scattering is studied including
corrections. Cross section and spin asymmetry are
calculated by using various parametrizations of polarized parton distribution
functions. It is found that \Dbar production is promising to directly extract
the polarized strange sea.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at the NuFact02 workshop, London, UK,
July 1-6, 200
The near-infrared radius-luminosity relationship for active galactic nuclei
Black hole masses for samples of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are currently
estimated from single-epoch optical spectra. In particular, the size of the
broad-line emitting region needed to compute the black hole mass is derived
from the optical or ultraviolet continuum luminosity. Here we consider the
relationship between the broad-line region size, R, and the near-infrared
(near-IR) AGN continuum luminosity, L, as the near-IR continuum suffers less
dust extinction than at shorter wavelengths and the prospects for separating
the AGN continuum from host-galaxy starlight are better in the near-IR than in
the optical. For a relationship of the form R propto L^alpha, we obtain for a
sample of 14 reverberation-mapped AGN a best-fit slope of alpha=0.5+/-0.1,
which is consistent with the slope of the relationship in the optical band and
with the value of 0.5 naively expected from photoionisation theory. Black hole
masses can then be estimated from the near-IR virial product, which is
calculated using the strong and unblended Paschen broad emission lines (Pa
alpha or Pa beta).Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by MNRAS Letter
Separation of river networkâscale nitrogen removal among the main channel and two transient storage compartments
Transient storage (TS) zones are important areas of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) processing in rivers. We assessed sensitivities regarding the relative impact that the main channel (MC), surface TS (STS), and hyporheic TS (HTS) have on network denitrification using a model applied to the Ipswich River in Massachusetts, United States. STS and HTS connectivity and size were parameterized using the results of in situ solute tracer studies in firstâ through fifthâorder reaches. DIN removal was simulated in all compartments for every river grid cell using reactivity derived from Lotic Intersite Nitrogen Experiment (LINX2) studies, hydraulic characteristics, and simulated discharge. Model results suggest that although MCâtoâSTS connectivity is greater than MCâtoâHTS connectivity at the reach scale, at basin scales, there is a high probability of water entering the HTS at some point along its flow path through the river network. Assuming our best empirical estimates of hydraulic parameters and reactivity, the MC, HTS, and STS removed approximately 38%, 21%, and 14% of total DIN inputs during a typical base flow period, respectively. There is considerable uncertainty in many of the parameters, particularly the estimates of reaction rates in the different compartments. Using sensitivity analyses, we found that the size of TS is more important for DIN removal processes than its connectivity with the MC when reactivity is low to moderate, whereas TS connectivity is more important when reaction rates are rapid. Our work suggests a network perspective is needed to understand how connectivity, residence times, and reactivity interact to influence DIN processing in hierarchical river systems
Impact of Different Fecal Processing Methods on Assessments of Bacterial Diversity in the Human Intestine.
The intestinal microbiota are integral to understanding the relationships between nutrition and health. Therefore, fecal sampling and processing protocols for metagenomic surveys should be sufficiently robust, accurate, and reliable to identify the microorganisms present. We investigated the use of different fecal preparation methods on the bacterial community structures identified in human stools. Complete stools were collected from six healthy individuals and processed according to the following methods: (i) randomly sampled fresh stool, (ii) fresh stool homogenized in a blender for 2 min, (iii) randomly sampled frozen stool, and (iv) frozen stool homogenized in a blender for 2 min, or (v) homogenized in a pneumatic mixer for either 10, 20, or 30 min. High-throughput DNA sequencing of the 16S rRNA V4 regions of bacterial community DNA extracted from the stools showed that the fecal microbiota remained distinct between individuals, independent of processing method. Moreover, the different stool preparation approaches did not alter intra-individual bacterial diversity. Distinctions were found at the level of individual taxa, however. Stools that were frozen and then homogenized tended to have higher proportions of Faecalibacterium, Streptococcus, and Bifidobacterium and decreased quantities of Oscillospira, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides compared to stools that were collected in small quantities and not mixed prior to DNA extraction. These findings indicate that certain taxa are at particular risk for under or over sampling due to protocol differences. Importantly, homogenization by any method significantly reduced the intra-individual variation in bacteria detected per stool. Our results confirm the robustness of fecal homogenization for microbial analyses and underscore the value of collecting and mixing large stool sample quantities in human nutrition intervention studies
The cc-pV5Z-F12 basis set: reaching the basis set limit in explicitly correlated calculations
We have developed and benchmarked a new extended basis set for explicitly
correlated calculations, namely cc-pV5Z-F12. It is offered in two variants,
cc-pV5Z-F12 and cc- pV5Z-F12(rev2), the latter of which has additional basis
functions on hydrogen not present in the cc-pVnZ-F12 (n=D,T,Q) sequence.A large
uncontracted 'reference' basis set is used for benchmarking. cc-pVnZ-F12 (n=D,
T, Q, 5) is shown to be a convergent hierarchy. Especially the cc-
pV5Z-F12(rev2) basis set can yield the valence CCSD component of total
atomization energies (TAEs), without any extrapolation, to an accuracy normally
associated with aug-cc-pV{5,6}Z extrapolations. SCF components are functionally
at the basis set limit, while the MP2 limit can be approached to as little as
0.01 kcal/mol without extrapolation. The determination of (T) appears to be the
most difficult of the three components and cannot presently be accomplished
without extrapolation or scaling. (T) extrapolation from cc-pV{T,Q}Z-F12 basis
sets, combined with CCSD-F12b/cc-pV5Z-F12 calculations appears to be an
accurate combination for explicitly correlated thermochemistry. For accurate
work on noncovalent interactions, basis set superposition error with the
cc-pV5Z-F12 basis set is shown to be so small that counterpoise corrections can
be neglected for all but the most exacting purposes.Comment: Molecular Physics, in press (Nicholas C. Handy memorial issue). DOI
preassigne
- âŠ