This publication provides a table of apple cultivars suggested for planting in South Dakota. It includes season of use, characteristics, and uses of each cultivar

Martin, D. M.

Peterson, R. M.

English

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South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange SDSU Extension Fact Sheets SDSU Extension 1977 Apples R. M. Peterson D. M. Martin Follow this and additional works at: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_fact Recommended Citation Peterson, R. M. and Martin, D. M., "Apples" (1977). SDSU Extension Fact Sheets. 1394. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_fact/1394 This Fact Sheet is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Extension at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in SDSU Extension Fact Sheets by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact michael.biondo@sdstate.edu. Historic, archived doculllent Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. SDSU ® Extension For current policies and practices, contact SDSU Extension Website: extension.sdstate.edu Phone: Email: 605-688-4 792 sdsu.extension@sdstate.edu SDSU Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer in accordance with the nondiscrimination policies of South Dakota State University, the South Dakota Board of Regents and the United States Department of Agriculture. I . FS 191 Apples Cooperative Extension Service South Dakota State University U.S. Department of Agriculture t, 30,7 3 2... 5 0 g 7, ;;.9 ;-, 5. rt/ • .. AQples FS 191 ing, budding, cuttings, layering, etc.) This term is com-parable to the term variety, which is used for plants propagated by seed. R. M. Peterson, professor of horticulture D. M. Martin, Extension horticulturist Cultivar-A general term used to include variety, hybrid, clone, sport, or strain. Apple and crab apple cultivars suggested for planting in South Dakota are briefly described in the accompanying table. It is important that all apple cultivars planted in South Dakota be grafted on hardy Siberian rootstocks if they are to be considered reliably hardy. Some cultivars should be planted only in the more fa-vored areas of the state as•indicated in the table. Cultivars ·are listed according to season of harvest. Explanation of Terms Used in The Table ' Annual bearing-Tends to bear an average crop each year. Aromatic-Having a pleasing fragrance. Biennial bearing-Tends to produce a heavy crop every other year and little or no fruit in the "off" year . Clone-A group of genetically identical plants propa-gated by means other than seec;L (Propagated by graft-'II ;f Hardy-A cultivar with ability to consistently endure climatic conditions generally encountered in South .. Dakota. Keeping-Refers to ability of an apple to remain in good condition after harvest. (Depends on storage condi-tions as well as other factors.) Pollinator-A cultivar that produces a large amount of pollen suitable for fertilizing flowers of other cultivars. Russetted-Having a somewhat rough, reddish-brown colored skin. Shy bearer-A tree which consistently produces a rather small crop under South Dakota growing conditions. Sport-A ... superior type selected from a clone. Thinning-Removal of a high percent of blossoms or small ·fruits. to prevent overproduction. In apples an ,. average spacing of 4 to 6 inches, depending on cultivar, is desirab.le. • · Topworking-Budding or grafting a desired cultivar on branches of a very hardy cultivar. Apple Cultivars' Suggested for South Dakota Cultlvar Season of Use" Mantet mid Aug Oriole II ■ late ·Aug Duchess Aug-Sept Beacon Aug-Sept Wealthy • SeP,t-Nov 1111 Red Baron Sept-Nov Minjon Sept-Dec • • rt' .. ii • .. Oct-Jan Nov-Jan Characteristics Uses Red apple similar to Mein- . . Excellen_t for eating and tosh, with crisp, juicy flesh. sauce. Fruit often drops premature-ly. Tends to biennial bearing. - Large, yellow apple with pink Good eating, sauce, pie, and May be shy bearing. blush . freezing. Medium sized ,apple. Yellow splashed and streaked bright red . Good for pie, sauce, jelly, and freezing. Medium sized, very attr:active ·Fair for eating, cooking, and red apple. Texture rather freezing. corky. Greenish-yellow blushed and Good for eating, baking, pie, striped with bright r,ed. Juicy, sauce, jelly, and freezing. spri~ htly flavored. Tends to biennial bearing . Very hardy. Very susceptible to fireblight. Subject to cedar apple rust. Good production. Tends to bi-ennial bearing. Good pollina-tor. Medium sized, attractive, red over three-fourths of apple .. Eating, pie, and sauce apple. Very productive, ann.ual bear-ing. Attractive red color. Flesh somewhat stained with red, · rather tart. Medium sized apple with bright r.ed over green color. Flesh white, tender, juicy, and very aromatic. Fair for eating and good for pie, baking, sauce, and freez-ing. Good for eating, pie, baking, and sauce. · II . • I Biennial bearing. Very hardy. Needs thinning. Loses quality quickly in storage . Susceptible to apple scab. Tends to biennial bearing. Fruit may drop prematurely. Suggested for Black Hills and SE South Dakota,* Attractive red apple. Flesh Excellent for eating, salads, Good keeping. Tends to bear firm, white, juicy, pleasingly baking, and sauce. annually. Fruit hangs well to aromatic, and does not discol- tree. Suggested for Black Hills or when sliced. and SE South Dakota.* Well-shaped, smooth, red apple. w Good for eating and excellent One of the best cultivars for pies and sauce. for South Dakota. Tends to bear annually. *Includes only extreme sout.heastern portion of South Dakota along the Sioux River and Missouri River and favored portions ot ·northern Black Hills . • II Ilia a: ,I Variety Haralson Prairie Spy Honeygold Connell Red Delicious Golden Delicious Crab Apples Dolgo Crab Whitney Crab Chestnut Crab Season of Use Oct-March Nov-April Oct-Jan Nov-Mar Oct-Feb Nov-March Aug Aug Sept Characteristics Uses Red apple. Conspicuous Excellent for pie, fair for eat-large white dots. Flesh crisp ing, baking, sauce, jelly, and and tart. freezing. Remarks Excellent keeping. Biennial · bearing. Should thin to get best fruit size and quality. Vuy hardy. Plant red sport for sLJ-perior color. Large fruit. Red over yellow Good for eating and excellent Excellent keeping. Tendency in color and russetted around for pies, baking, sauce. to fireblight. stem end. Creamy white flesh with slight aroma. Medium to large, golden to Good eating and cook ing Very susceptible to fireblight. yellow green, large conspicu- apple. ous dots. Large, red apple. Attractive red apple with sweet, crisp flesh. Excellent for eating, good for salads. Not suggested fo r cooking. Excellent for eating and salads. Golden yellow apple with a Excellent for eating, sauce, spicy flavor and fine textured pies, salads, and freezing. flesh. Excellent keeping. Hardy, but requires long growing sea-son. Older trees produce some small apples of poor quality. For limited planting in favored areas of the Black Hills and SE South Dakota.* Topworking suggested. Very late maturity. For trial only in favored areas of the Black Hills and SE South Dakota.* Topworking su ggested. Very late maturity. Bright red fruit with rich, tart Outstanding flavor for jelly Very hardy crab apple. Often flavor. and juice. valued as an ornamental be-cause of its white blossoms and colorful fruit. Good sized crab apple. Yellow Best for pickles. Good for eat- Poor keeping quality. Suscep-splashed with dull red . ing. t ib le to fireblight. Other culti-vars are better. Large, yellow crab apple par- Good for eating, sau_ce, and tially covered with light red pickles. Not for jelly. and often russetted. Yellow, crisp, juicy flesh. Pleasing flavor. Fair keeping quality. A good crab apple for home orchard . *Includes only extreme southeastern portion of South Dakota along the Sioux River and Missouri River and favored portions of northern Black Hills. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the USDA. Hollis D. Hall , Di rector of Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University, Brookings. Educational programs and materials offered without regard to age, race, color, religion, sex, handicap or national origin . An Equal Opportunity Employer. File: 7.3-l-2.SM-6-77-2,500 reprinted at es timated 5 cents each- 10-77mh--641A )> u u CD U) .,, (/) 

Apples

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Apples

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