Guide to fruit varieties for South Dakota describes five fruit districts, and includes comments of dwarf trees and so-called five inch in one inch trees

Martin, Dean

Peterson, R. M.

English

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South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange SDSU Extension Fact Sheets SDSU Extension 1968 Fruit Varieties for South Dakota R. M. Peterson Dean Martin Follow this and additional works at: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_fact Recommended Citation Peterson, R. M. and Martin, Dean, "Fruit Varieties for South Dakota" (1968). SDSU Extension Fact Sheets. 1334. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/extension_fact/1334 This Fact Sheet is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Extension at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in SDSU Extension Fact Sheets by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact michael.biondo@sdstate.edu. Historic, archived doculllent Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. SDSU ® Extension For current policies and practices, contact SDSU Extension Website: extension.sdstate.edu Phone: Email: 605-688-4 792 sdsu.extension@sdstate.edu SDSU Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer in accordance with the nondiscrimination policies of South Dakota State University, the South Dakota Board of Regents and the United States Department of Agriculture. Frui Vari rS 398 ·.,o:=="""'ll +: - • ,,,.,_'t(l,:l {'+,_ T' • ·,.i.:.:Z..:.Jil~W MAR 111968 for South Dakota Cooperative Extension Service South Dakota State University United States Department of Agriculture Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the United States Department of Ag-riculture, John T. Stone, Dean of Extension, South Dakota State Univer-sity, Brookings. SM:_3-68-File: 7.3-7257 FRUIT VARIETIES FOR SOUTH DAKOTA FRUIT DISTRICTS FS 398 By Dr. R. M. Peterson, head of Horticulture and Forestry Department and Dean Martin, Extension Horticulturist This guide has been prepared to help growers choose fruit varieties for home planting. South Dakota has been divided into five districts ( shown on map). Varieties have been suggested by districts, but local cli-matic and soil variations may occur within each district. Apples ( listed in approximate order of maturity ) Variety Districts 1 2 3 4 Melba X X XO Districts J 2 3 4 Districts 1 2 3 4 Mantet X X XO XO Bush Cherries Oriole X XO XO Plums X S. D. Amber x Duchess ( pollinator variety required) X X X X X Brooks Beaconf XO Waneta x x x0 x; X X X X X X Tecumseh Ruby X X X X X X X X Garrisonf X XO Underwood x X X X Black Beau~y x X X X Wealthyf X X XO Kaga ( polli- Sioux X X X X McIntosh X XO nator) X X X XO Cherries Minjon X X XO XO South Dakota ( sour or pie) Killandf X XO (pollinator) x X X X North Star X X X XO North- Superior X X Meteor X X XO XO western XO Graciousf X XO Early Rich-X Bedwell X X XO mond XO Haralson X X X XO Raspberries Cherry-Plums Prairie Spyf x X XO Latham Opata X X X X Cortland X XO (red) X X X XO Sapa X X X X Fireside X XO Boyne (red) x X X XO Sapalta X X X X Delicious XO Durham (red Compass X X X X Jonathanf XO ever bear-Golden ing) X X X XO Currants September Cascade X X X X Delicious XO (red ever- Perfection X X X X Crab Apples bearing) XO Red Lake X X X X Dolgo John Robert- Wilder X X X X X X X X Red River X X X X son (black) x X XO XO Gooseberries Whitney X X XO Black Hawk Abundance X X X X Chestnut X X XO (black) X X XO Pixwell X X X X Centennial X X X X Clyde Grapes (purple) XO XO Fredonia XO XO Apricots Worden XO XO Moongold Xo XO Strawberries Beta XO SuT1gold XO XO X X X Senator Dun-Manchu X X X X Native or Wild Fruits Sunshine X X X X lap (June- Plums X X X X bearing) X X X X Chokecherry x Sparkle ( June-X X X Pears Buffalo Parker XO bearing) X X XO XO berries X X Robinson X X X X Golden Spice X XO XO (June-June Berries x X X X Lincoln X Highbush bearing) X X XO XO XO Patten XO Vesper (June-Cranberry x X X Bartlett XO bearing) XO XO Currants X X X X Ogallala Grapes X X X XO Blue Plums ( ever- ° For favorable sites and soils only. Plant Dietz XO XO XO bearing) X X X X on trial basis, Stanley XO XO Su perfection t Variety very susceptible to fireblight dis-ease. Mount Royal x0 XO ( ever- fVariety not generally available from Idaho Prune x0 bearing) X X X X most nurseries. DESCRIPTION OF FRUIT DISTRICTS DISTRICT I. This area consists of the lower fringe_s of the Black Hills, pro-tected sites adjacent to Big Stone Lake and Lake Traverse in northeastern South Dakota and the Missouri River valley and adjacent hills along the val-ley edge in southern South Dakota. Dis-trict 1 also extends north along the Big Sioux River to include the Newton Hills in Lincoln County. DISTRICT 2. It includes much of eastern South Dakota not includecJ in District 1. The southeastern part of District 2 and the Whetstone valley in the northeast are the most favored areas in District 2. DISTRICT 3. The "breaks" along the Missouri River provide the most favored conditions for fruit growing in District 3. Deep well-drained soils and an ample moisture supply are impor-tant factors governing success in all parts of District 3. DISTRICT 4. Areas having the long-est growing season, best soils, and sup-plemental water . supplies are the most favored for fruit production ·in this dis-triot. DISTRICT 5. Conditions vary great-ly in this area. Varieties must be select-ed; on the basis of the specific site. Tree-fruit growing is not recommended in the higher elevations. - - -~ The) department of horticulture and forestry at uth Dakota State University welcomes nurserymen . d experienced growers in South Dakota to make sug-1 gestions about proven varieties which they think should I be included in the next revision of this list. . Ref. er to South Dakota State University Fact S:Jeet 91, "Know Your Apples," for a more complete descrip-on of the apple varieties listed in this guide. .. . . - -------- -------■ -COMMENTS ON DWARF TREES AND SO-CALLED 115 IN 1" TREES Dwarf apple trees are developed by grafting the variety onto a dwarf-ing rootstock. Present rootstocks used for producing dwarf trees are not reliably hardy in South Dakota. However, dwarf trees may some-times grow successfully for several years, if planted in a protected site and if conditions are favorable. It is essential that a good mulch, such as hay applied to a depth of 8 to 12 inches, be placed under the tree late each fall to protect the base of the tree and the roots. On estab-lished trees over five years old, a sod cover will provide considerable pro-tection to roots. The trees should go into the winter with a good supply of soil moisture. The "5 in l" trees are developed by grafting or budding five different varieties on the branches of a single tree. The rootstock and varieties should be adapted to South Dakota conditions. Other Helpful Fact Sheets and Bulletins FS 344-Growing Strawberries in South Dakota. FS 345-Growing Raspberries in South Dakota. USDA Home and Garden Bulletin No. HI-Growing Fruit for Home Use. USDA Farmers Bulletin No. 1891-Establishing a n d M. anaging Young Apple Orchards. 

Fruit Varieties for South Dakota

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Fruit Varieties for South Dakota

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