PARTO E IDADE: CARACTERÍSTICAS MATERNAS DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/223658346304Objetivo: Analisar o tipo de parto e idade da mãe em relação ao número de nascimentos no RS em uma série histórica. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, realizada de janeiro a julho de 2012 na base de dados DATASUS entre 2005 a 2010. Resultados: evidenciou-se uma maior prevalência de partos cesáreos, com índice de 58,09%, em 2010. Outro ponto a ser ressaltado foi em relação a faixa etária onde em 2010 mulheres de 20-29 anos mantiveram-se em destaque atingindo 49,29% das ocorrências e na sequencia, mulheres de 30-39 anos com 31,13%. Conclusão: Apesar de campanhas em direção aos benefícios do parto normal, evidencia-se um significativo aumento do parto cesáreo neste estado e o adiamento da ocorrência da gestação. Porem faz-se necessário mais estudos epidemiológicos nesta linha para que se possam instrumentalizar ações em saúde voltadas para a situação avaliada e um maior aproveitamento de dados disponibilizados pelos sistemas de informações. Descritores: Parto obstétrico; Idade materna; Cesárea; Nascimento vivo

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Diversity of Clones among Faecal ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy and Sick Dogs Living in Portugal

[EN] The purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence and genetic characteristics of ESBL and acquired-AmpC (qAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy and sick dogs in Portugal. Three hundred and sixty-one faecal samples from sick and healthy dogs were seeded on MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (2 µg/mL) for cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) E. coli recovery. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 15 antibiotics was performed and the ESBLphenotype of the E. coli isolates was screened. Detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, and molecular typing of the isolates (phylogroups, multilocus-sequence-typing, and specific- ST131) were performed by PCR (and sequencing when required). CTXR E. coli isolates were obtained in 51/361 faecal samples analysed (14.1%), originating from 36/234 sick dogs and 15/127 healthy dogs. Forty-seven ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were recovered from 32 sick (13.7%) and 15 healthy animals (11.8%). Different variants of blaCTX-M genes were detected among 45/47 ESBLCitation: producers: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 26), blaCTX-M-1 (n = 10), blaCTX-M-32 (n = 3), blaCTX-M-55 (n = 3), blaCTX-M-14 (n = 2), and blaCTX-M-variant (n = 1); one ESBL-positive isolate co-produced CTX-M-15 and CMY-2 enzymes. Moreover, two additional CTXR ESBL-negative E. coli isolates were CMY-2-producers (qAmpC). Ten different sequence types were identified (ST/phylogenetic-group/β-lactamase): ST131/B2/CTX-M- 15, ST617/A/CTX-M-55, ST3078/B1/CTX-M-32, ST542/A/CTX-M-14, ST57/D/CTX-M-1, ST12/B2/CTX-M-15, ST6448/B1/CTX-M-15 + CMY-2, ST5766/A/CTX-M-32, ST115/D/CMY-2 and a new-ST/D/CMY-2. Five variants of CTX-M enzymes (CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-1 predominant) and eight different clonal complexes were detected from canine ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. Although at a lower rate, CMY-2 β-lactamase was also found. Dogs remain frequent carriers of ESBL and/or qAmpC-producing E. coli with a potential zoonotic roleSII.C. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of “Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnolo- gia” (FCT—Portugal) related to PhD grant, through the reference SFRH/BD/133266/2017 (Medicina Clínica e Ciências da Saúde), as well as MCTES (Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) and European Union (EU), with reference to Fundo Social Europeu (FSE). The experimental work carried out in the University of La Rioja (Spain) was financed by the project SAF2016-76571-R from the Agencia Estatal de Investigation (AEI) of Spain and FEDER of EU. N.S.C. was awarded a grant for the year 2018, from the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (The PNE Pro- gram), under the direction of Carmen Torres. This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain; grant number RTI2018-098267-R-C33), the Junta de Castilla y León (Consejería de Educación, Spain; grant number LE018P20) and the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry—LAQV which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Incidência da síndrome pré-menstrual na prática de esportes: aspectos atuais: Incidence of pre-menstrual syndrome in sports: current aspects

A síndrome pré-menstrual (SPM) é uma constelação complexa de alterações de humor, comportamentais e físicas que se limitam à fase pré-menstrual. Esses sintomas se recuperam dentro de alguns dias após o início da menstruação.  Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é demonstrar a incidência da síndrome pré-menstrual na prática de esportes a partir de uma revisão integrativa sobre o tema. Para isso, foi realizado uma revisão integrativa sobre o tema, onde foi considerado textos publicados desde 2010, em inglês e português e que estejam disponíveis para leitura, no PUBMED, LILACs e Scielo. Esta revisão sistemática fornece algum suporte adicional para diretrizes clínicas que recomendam o exercício como um tratamento eficaz para a TPM. As análises secundárias realizadas também fornecem novas evidências de que o exercício pode ser útil no alívio de sintomas psicológicos, físicos e comportamentais específicos associados à TPM, além de auxiliar no gerenciamento do perfil global de sintomas

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Apego materno fetal em gestantes que vivem com HIV/Aids

A gestação no contexto do HIV/Aids é geralmente acompanhada de intensa ansiedade devido à possível transmissão materno infantil do vírus. Este estudo investigou o apego materno fetal em gestantes que viviam com HIV (n = 88), em comparação a gestantes não portadoras do vírus (n = 79), através da Escala de Apego Materno fetal. Os resultados não revelaram diferenças entre as gestantes quanto ao escore total de apego materno fetal. Entretanto, os dados sugerem que o apego materno fetal pode se manifestar de maneira peculiar entre as gestantes que vivem com HIV/Aids: as interações mãe-bebê parecem focar o momento presente da gestação, e os cuidados de saúde com o bebê parecem atrelados àqueles voltados à saúde materna diante da infecção. É possível que a escala não seja suficientemente sensível para eventuais diferenças associadas ao contexto do HIV/Aids. Sugere-se que novos estudos revisem os itens da escala visando maior aproximação das particularidades suscitadas pela infecção quanto ao apego materno fetal

Antimicrobial resistance genes and diversity of clones among faecal ESBL-producing escherichia coli isolated from healthy and sick dogs living in Portugal

The purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence and genetic characteristics of ESBL and acquired-AmpC (qAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy and sick dogs in Portugal. Three hundred and sixty-one faecal samples from sick and healthy dogs were seeded on MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (2 µg/mL) for cefotaxime-resistant (CTX(R)) E. coli recovery. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 15 antibiotics was performed and the ESBL-phenotype of the E. coli isolates was screened. Detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, and molecular typing of the isolates (phylogroups, multilocus-sequence-typing, and specific-ST131) were performed by PCR (and sequencing when required). CTX(R) E. coli isolates were obtained in 51/361 faecal samples analysed (14.1%), originating from 36/234 sick dogs and 15/127 healthy dogs. Forty-seven ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were recovered from 32 sick (13.7%) and 15 healthy animals (11.8%). Different variants of bla(CTX-M) genes were detected among 45/47 ESBL-producers: bla(CTX-M-15) (n = 26), bla(CTX-M-1) (n = 10), bla(CTX-M-32) (n = 3), bla(CTX-M-55) (n = 3), bla(CTX-M-14) (n = 2), and bla(CTX-M)-variant (n = 1); one ESBL-positive isolate co-produced CTX-M-15 and CMY-2 enzymes. Moreover, two additional CTX(R) ESBL-negative E. coli isolates were CMY-2-producers (qAmpC). Ten different sequence types were identified (ST/phylogenetic-group/β-lactamase): ST131/B2/CTX-M-15, ST617/A/CTX-M-55, ST3078/B1/CTX-M-32, ST542/A/CTX-M-14, ST57/D/CTX-M-1, ST12/B2/CTX-M-15, ST6448/B1/CTX-M-15 + CMY-2, ST5766/A/CTX-M-32, ST115/D/CMY-2 and a new-ST/D/CMY-2. Five variants of CTX-M enzymes (CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-1 predominant) and eight different clonal complexes were detected from canine ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. Although at a lower rate, CMY-2 β-lactamase was also found. Dogs remain frequent carriers of ESBL and/or qAmpC-producing E. coli with a potential zoonotic role

Unraveling the genetic background of individuals with a clinical familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common genetic disorder of lipid metabolism caused by pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 genes. Variants in FH-phenocopy genes (LDLRAP1, APOE, LIPA, ABCG5, and ABCG8), polygenic hypercholesterolemia, and hyperlipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] can also mimic a clinical FH phenotype. We aim to present a new diagnostic tool to unravel the genetic background of clinical FH phenotype. Biochemical and genetic study was performed in 1,005 individuals with clinical diagnosis of FH, referred to the Portuguese FH Study. A next-generation sequencing panel, covering eight genes and eight SNPs to determine LDL-C polygenic risk score and LPA genetic score, was validated, and used in this study. FH was genetically confirmed in 417 index cases: 408 heterozygotes and 9 homozygotes. Cascade screening increased the identification to 1,000 FH individuals, including 11 homozygotes. FH-negative individuals (phenotype positive and genotype negative) have Lp(a) >50 mg/dl (30%), high polygenic risk score (16%), other monogenic lipid metabolism disorders (1%), and heterozygous pathogenic variants in FH-phenocopy genes (2%). Heterozygous variants of uncertain significance were identified in primary genes (12%) and phenocopy genes (7%). Overall, 42% of our cohort was genetically confirmed with FH. In the remaining individuals, other causes for high LDL-C were identified in 68%. Hyper-Lp(a) or polygenic hypercholesterolemia may be the cause of the clinical FH phenotype in almost half of FH-negative individuals. A small part has pathogenic variants in ABCG5/ABCG8 in heterozygosity that can cause hypercholesterolemia and should be further investigated. This extended next-generation sequencing panel identifies individuals with FH and FH-phenocopies, allowing to personalize each person’s treatment according to the affected pathway