52 research outputs found
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)
- Author
- A. -G. Wu
- A. C. Ma
- A. K. Au
- Abdel-Aziz A. K.
- Abdelfatah S.
- Abdellatif M.
- Abdoli A.
- Abel S.
- Abeliovich H.
- Abildgaard M. H.
- Abudu Y. P.
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- Adamopoulos I. E.
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- Adolph T. E.
- Adornetto A.
- Aflaki E.
- Agam G.
- Agarwal A.
- Aggarwal B. B.
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- Agostinis P.
- Agrewala J. N.
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- Aizawa S.
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- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1.
- Author
- Abdel-Aziz AK
- Abdelfatah S
- Abdellatif M
- Abdoli A
- Abel S
- Abeliovich H
- Abildgaard MH
- Abudu YP
- Acevedo-Arozena A
- Adamopoulos IE
- Adeli K
- Adolph TE
- Adornetto A
- Aflaki E
- Agam G
- Agarwal A
- Aggarwal BB
- Agnello M
- Agostinis P
- Agrewala JN
- Agrotis A
- Aguilar PV
- Ahmad ST
- Ahmed ZM
- Ahumada-Castro U
- Aits S
- Aizawa S
- Akkoc Y
- Akoumianaki T
- Akpinar HA
- Al-Abd AM
- Al-Akra L
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- Zanella I
- Zang QS
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- Zaragoza P
- Zarbalis KS
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- Zhuang H
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- Zimmermann CM
- Ziviani E
- Zoladek T
- Zong W-X
- Zorov DB
- Zorzano A
- Zou W
- Zou Z
- Zou Z
- Zuryn S
- Zwerschke W
- Álvarez ÉMC
- Ávalos Y
- Önal G
- Üstün S
- Čolić M
- Đokić J
- Žerovnik E
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field
Early life child micronutrient status, maternal reasoning, and a nurturing household environment have persistent influences on child cognitive development at age 5 years: Results from MAL-ED
- Author
- A Catharine Ross
- A M Shamsir Ahmed
- Aboud
- Ajila T George
- Alberto M Soares
- Aldo A M Lima
- Alessandra Di Moura
- Alexandre Havt
- Algarin
- Ali Turab
- Amidou Samie
- Angel Mendez Acosta
- Angel Orbe Vasquez
- Angelina Maphula
- Angelina Maphula
- Anita K M Zaidi
- Anup Ramachandran
- Anuradha Bose
- Anuradha Bose
- Archana Mohale
- Asad Ali
- Aubrey Bauck
- Bacharach
- Baitun Nahar
- Barbara Schaefer
- Beena Koshy
- Beena Koshy
- Benjamin J J McCormick
- Benjamin J J McCormick
- Bentley
- Beusenberg
- Biesalski
- Binob Shrestha
- Black
- Black
- Bradley
- Bruna L L Maciel
- Buliga Mujaga Swema
- Caldwell
- Carl J Mason
- Caroline Amour
- Caulfield
- Cesar Banda Chavez
- Christel Hoest
- Cloupas Mahopo
- Cláudia B Abreu
- Crystal L Patil
- Dennis R Lang
- Didar Alam
- Dinesh Hariraju
- Dinesh Mondal
- Dixner Rengifo Trigoso
- Dror
- Eliwaza Bayyo
- Elizabeth T Rogawski
- Emanuel Nyathi
- Engle
- Eric Houpt
- Erling Svensen
- Erling Svensen
- Eshel
- Estomih R Mduma
- Fahmida Tofail
- Francisco S Mota
- Gagandeep Kang
- Gaurvika Nayyar
- Georgiadis
- Georgiadis
- Gwenyth Lee
- Hilda Costa
- Horta
- Houpt
- Ila F Lima
- Imran Ahmed
- Iqbal Hossain
- J Daniel Carreon
- Jacobs
- James Platts-Mills
- Jayaprakash Muliyil
- Jean Gratz
- Jessica C Seidman
- Jessica C Seidman
- Jhanelle Graham
- John Pascal
- Jones
- Josiane Quetz
- José Quirino Filho
- Julian Torres Flores
- Karen H Tountas
- Karthikeyan Ramanujam
- Kerry Schulze
- Kosek
- Kosek
- Ladaporn Bodhidatta
- Ladislaus Blacy
- Ladislaus Yarrot
- Laura E Caulfield
- Laura E Caulfield
- Laura E Murray-Kolb
- Laura E Murray-Kolb
- Laura L Pendergast
- Laura Pendergast
- Leah Barrett
- Liu
- Liu
- Lozoff
- Lu
- M Steffi Jennifer
- MAL-ED Network Investigators
- MAL-ED Network Investigators
- Manjeswori Ulak
- Margaret N Kosek
- Maribel Paredes Olotegui
- Mark A Miller
- McCormick
- Mery Siguas Salas
- Michael Gottlieb
- Milena Moraes
- Mohan Venkata Raghava
- Monica McGrath
- Muneera Rasheed
- Muneera Rasheed
- Munirul Islam
- Murray-Kolb
- Mustafa Mahfuz
- Namaste
- Nkrumah
- Noélia L Lima
- Pablo Peñataro Yori
- Pascal Bessong
- Pedro H Q S Medeiros
- Pendergast
- Petry
- Pinkerton
- Platts-Mills
- Prado
- Prakash Sunder Shrestha
- Priyadarshani Karunakaran
- Psaki
- Pérez-Escamilla
- Rahul J Thomas
- Rakhi Ramadas
- Ram Krishna Chandyo
- Ramya Ambikapathi
- Rashidul Haque
- Raven
- Rebecca Blank
- Rebecca Dillingham
- Rebecca Scharf
- Rebecca Scharf
- Reeba Roshan
- Reeba Roshan
- Regisiana Mvungi
- Reinaldo B Oriá
- Reinaldo Oria
- Richard
- Richard
- Richard L Guerrant
- Rita Shrestha
- Rita Shrestha
- Robert E Black
- Robin P Lazarus
- Ronfani
- Rosa M S Mota
- Rosa Rios de Burga
- Rosemary Nshama
- Ruan
- Sajid Soofi
- Samuel P Scott
- Sanjaya Kumar Shrestha
- Santos
- Sayma Haque
- Shahida Qureshi
- Shanmuga Sundaram E
- Shiny Kaki
- Silvia Rengifo Pinedo
- Sophy Raju
- Srujan L Sharma
- Stacey Knobler
- Stephanie A Richard
- Stephanie A Richard
- Stephanie Psaki
- Sudhir Babji
- Sushil John
- Suzanne Simons
- Tahmeed Ahmed
- Tor Strand
- Tucker
- van Buuren
- Victora
- Vivek Charu
- Vivian Wang
- Viyada Doan
- Walker
- Weschler
- WHO
- WHO
- Willett
- William A Petri
- William Checkley
- William K Pan
- Zamora
- Zeba Rasmussen
- Zeba Rasmussen
- Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Álvaro M Leite
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Background: Child cognitive development is influenced by early-life insults and protective factors. To what extent these factors have a long-term legacy on child development and hence fulfillment of cognitive potential is unknown. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between early-life factors (birth to 2 y) and cognitive development at 5 y. Methods: Observational follow-up visits were made of children at 5 y, previously enrolled in the community-based MAL-ED longitudinal cohort. The burden of enteropathogens, prevalence of illness, complementary diet intake, micronutrient status, and household and maternal factors from birth to 2 y were extensively measured and their relation with the Wechsler Preschool Primary Scales of Intelligence at 5 y was examined through use of linear regression. Results: Cognitive T-scores from 813 of 1198 (68%) children were examined and 5 variables had significant associations in multivariable models: mean child plasma transferrin receptor concentration (β: −1.81, 95% CI: −2.75, −0.86), number of years of maternal education (β: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.45), maternal cognitive reasoning score (β: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.15), household assets score (β: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.04), and HOME child cleanliness factor (β: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.15). In multivariable models, the mean rate of enteropathogen detections, burden of illness, and complementary food intakes between birth and 2 y were not significantly related to 5-y cognition. Conclusions: A nurturing home context in terms of a healthy/clean environment and household wealth, provision of adequate micronutrients, maternal education, and cognitive reasoning have a strong and persistent influence on child cognitive development. Efforts addressing aspects of poverty around micronutrient status, nurturing caregiving, and enabling home environments are likely to have lasting positive impacts on child cognitive development.publishedVersio
Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- Author
- Abreu Matheus O.
- Acerbi Paulo S. C.
- Albuquerque Regis B.
- Aldrighi Jose R.
- Alencastro Andre
- Almeida Marilia S.
- Almeida Patricia S.
- Almeida Samara D.
- Almeida Samara D.
- Alves Janine D.
- Amaral Karine A. E. H.
- Amaro Andreson F.
- Amato Marcelo B. P.
- Amato Marcelo B. P.
- Amorim Denise S.
- Amorim Fabio F.
- Andrade Ana H. V.
- Andrade Isaac G.
- Andrade Lucia C.
- Andrade Luciana A. S.
- Andrade Wandalvo
- Apoena Pablo
- Araujo Neto Jose A.
- Araujo Arthur C.
- Araujo Jose F.
- Araujo Marcelo E. U.
- Araujo Mario F. A.
- Arduini Rodrigo G.
- Assef Maria G. P. L.
- Azevedo Luciano C. P.
- Azevedo Luciano C. P.
- Backes Fabiane
- Bainy Marina P.
- Baptista Filho Mario L. A.
- Barbosa Pierry O.
- Barra Williams F.
- Barros Dalton
- Baruzzi Claudio
- Bastos Ana C. A. G.
- Bastos Rafael S.
- Batista Roseane A.
- Becker Daniel A.
- Bergo Ricardo R.
- Berto Paula
- Berwanger Otavio
- Berwanger Otavio
- Bigolin Rodrigo
- Bitencourt Wesley S.
- Bitencourt Wesley S.
- Blattner Clarissa
- Boldo Rodrigo
- Boniatti Marcio M.
- Borges Marcos C.
- Bozi Giovana G.
- Brandao Andre L. S. B.
- Brilenger Caroline O.
- Brilhante Yuzeth Nobrega
- Broilo Fabiano P.
- Burigo Ana C.
- Cacau Lucas A. P.
- Caixeta Carlos R.
- Caldeira Milton
- Caldeira Milton
- Canavessi Hugo Schlebinger
- Canzi Regina A.
- Cappi Sylas B.
- Carbonell Roberto C. C.
- Cardoso Lucienne T. Q.
- Carmona Cesar V.
- Carneiro Mauricio
- Carneiro Saul R.
- Carvalho Alexandre G. R.
- Carvalho Carlos R. R.
- Carvalho Carlos R. R.
- Carvalho Fabricio R. T.
- Carvalho Fernanda L. G.
- Carvalho Frederico B.
- Carvalho Frederico B.
- Carvalho Ivana L. V.
- Carvalho Vitor O.
- Carvalho Waneska L. N.
- Caser Eliana
- Castanelo Carlos
- Cavalcante Eulalia
- Cavalcanti Alexandre B.
- Cavalcanti Alexandre B.
- Cavalcanti Raphael Ali
- Cerantola Rodrigo B.
- Chagas Filho Aldir
- Chamy Gauco
- Chaves Filho Francisco G.
- Chiasso Tatiana M.
- Coelho Adalberto M.
- Coelho Edward, Jr.
- Coelho Milena P. P. M.
- Conde Katia A. P.
- Cordeiro Rodrigo B.
- Correa Fabiano G.
- Correa Tiago A.
- Correa Viviane M.
- Correia Emmanuel I. S.
- Cortegiani Andrea
- Costa Andre F.
- Costa Maristela C.
- Costa Ramon T.
- Couto Wivian A. D.
- Cramer Amanda S.
- Cunha Adenard F. C.
- Dadam Michelli M.
- Damasceno Bruna
- de Oliveira Filho Wilson
- de Oliveira Filho Wilson
- Decio Janaina C.
- Demarzo Sergio E.
- Dias Alysson P.
- Dias Fernando S.
- Dias Polyana P. L. C.
- Diaz S. Edgard
- Diaz-Quijano Fredi A.
- Diaz-Quijano Fredi A.
- Domingues Sergio M., Jr.
- Dragosavak Desanka
- Duarte Juliana N.
- Duarte Pericles A. D.
- Duarte Robson
- Dutra Victor G.
- Eberhart Neto Ervin
- Falcao Antonio
- Falcao Jansen G.
- Farran Jorge
- Felizardo Livia R. S. M.
- Ferguson Niall
- Ferraz Iris L.
- Ferreira Neto Fleury
- Ferreira Ana P.
- Ferreira Cassia M.
- Ferreira Claiton S.
- Ferreira Denise M.
- Ferreira Edgard V.
- Ferreira Elaine M.
- Ferreira Firmino H., Jr.
- Ferreira Reinaldo
- Festti Josiane
- Fialkow Lea
- Figueiredo Adelaide C.
- Figueiredo Luciana C.
- Filgueira Feto Jose E.
- Flores Dimitri G.
- Flores Dimitri G.
- Foernges Rafael B.
- Franca Gustavo G. P.
- Francisco Renata S.
- Franke Cristiano
- Galassi Marcela S.
- Gallego Raquel C. N.
- Galvao Endi L.
- Garcez Melissa C. M.
- Garcia L. Sandra M. C.
- Gatti Ciro
- Geha Nadia N.
- Germano Almir
- Germiniani Bruno C.
- Giacomassi Ivens W. S.
- Giancursi Thiago S.
- Giannini Fabio
- Gil Fernando S. U.
- Gimenez Francielli M. P.
- Giuberti Adriana F. T.
- Giuberti Jonas, Jr.
- Gois Aecio
- Gomes Bruno C.
- Gomes Tania M.
- Goncalves Neto Graciliano J. L.
- Goncalves Fernanda A. F.
- Goncalves Iran, Jr.
- Gonzalez C. Octavio
- Gorski Anthony G.
- Grion Cintia M. C.
- Grion Cintia M. C.
- Guadalupe Erika G. L.
- Guerra Andre
- Guerreiro Marcio O.
- Guimaraes Daniela M. Q. S.
- Guimaraes Helio P.
- Guimaraes Helio P.
- Guimaraes Helio P.
- Gurgel Sanderland J. T.
- Guyatt Gordon
- Hajjar Ludhmila A.
- Heirel Debora C. B.
- Henriques Lilian A.
- Herek Andrea
- Hinestrosa Alfredo
- Hirota Adriana S.
- Holanda Marcelo A.
- Hopf Joao L. S.
- Horner Marina B. W.
- Inagaki Alexandre S.
- Infantini Rodrigo M.
- Isola Alexandre
- Jesus Karinne R.
- Kauss Ivanil A. M.
- Kawaguchi Ines A. L.
- Kazue Priscila
- Kleber Wladimy
- Kleber Wladmy
- Kodama Alessandra A.
- Kretzer Lara
- Kuroda Cristina M.
- Lago Roberto
- Laprovita Maria P.
- Larangeira Alexandre S.
- Laube Gilberto, Jr.
- Leao Rosangela M.
- Leite Petronio A.
- Lima Cyntia M. L. S.
- Lima Fernando B.
- Lima Maria H. B. S.
- Lima Zildamara B.
- Lira Jose A.
- Lopes Renato D.
- Lovato Wilson
- Lucena Debora N. L.
- Lunardi Maria C.
- Luzzi Sergio
- Maccari Juara G.
- Macedo Pedro L.
- Machado Fernando O.
- Machado Flavia R.
- Machado Luis A. M. W.
- Machado Nelma J. N.
- Magalhaes Nascimento Francine J.
- Maia Israel S.
- Maia Marcelo O.
- Malbouison Luiz M.
- Marcilino Antonielen
- Margalho Silviano B.
- Margarida Kathia
- Marino Nathalia F.
- Marques Leonardo S.
- Marraccini Thiago
- Martinez Amadeu
- Martins Edna T. J.
- Martins Eliauria R.
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- Martins Gloria A.
- Martins Marcele F.
- Martins Marcio A.
- Martins Marcio A.
- Martins Mariana L.
- Matsubara Rosely R.
- Matsui Mirna
- Mazza Bruno F.
- Mecatti Giovana C.
- Medeiros Luciana G.
- Mendez Vanessa M. F.
- Mendonca Angela
- Menescal Brena
- Merluzzi Thalita
- Mezzaroba Ana L.
- Miranda Whiniton
- Miura Claudia
- Monteiro Livia L.
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- Moraes Rafael B.
- Morais Jussara E. P.
- Morais Mirene O.
- Morales Daniela
- Moreira Cora L. C. B.
- Moreira Fabiana B. R.
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- Moreno Marcelo S.
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- Morsch Rafaela D.
- Nassar Antonio P., Jr.
- Naves Sergio A.
- Nedel Wagner
- Neto Jeronimo C. B.
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- Nobrega Marciano S.
- Nogueira Filho Wilson
- Nogueira Eduardo E. F.
- Nomoto Silmara H.
- Nunes Andre L.
- Odir Isaura
- Oliveira Aline E.
- Oliveira Andre L. V.
- Oliveira Clezio S.
- Oliveira Glauce L.
- Oliveira Ivonaldo M.
- Oliveira Katia R.
- Oliveira Luiz R. C.
- Oliveira Marcelo E.
- Oliveira Roselaine P.
- Oliveira Roselaine P.
- Oliveira Roselaine P.
- Oliveira Tatiana A.
- Oliveira Vanessa M.
- Oliver Wilson R.
- Ornellas Izadora B.
- Orsatti Vinicius N.
- Park Marcelo
- Passos Denise B. V. G.
- Patrocinio Ana C. L.
- Paula Ludmila N.
- Pavia Caio L. P.
- Pedro A.
- Peixoto Daniela C.
- Peliser Priscila
- Pellegrini Jose A. S.
- Pellegrini Jose A. S.
- Pena Felipe M.
- Pereira Antonio J.
- Pereira Cesar A.
- Pereira Sheila A.
- Pincelli Mariangela
- Pinheiro Filho Gilvan R.
- Pinheiro Filho Gilvan R.
- Pinto Walkyria A. M.
- Piovesan Maysa Z. R.
- Piras Claudio
- Pizarro Camilo
- Pompilio Carlos E.
- Poquiriqui Rodolfo M. B.
- Potratz Jorge L.
- Prado Karen F.
- Prado Luiz F. A.
- Rabelo Livia A.
- Rabelo Melina V.
- Rahal Luciana
- Raineri Santi M.
- Ramos Joroastro E., Jr.
- Rangel Vivian P. L.
- Ray Alexandre
- Rech Tatiana H.
- Regenga Marisa M.
- Regenga Marisa M.
- Rego Leila R. M.
- Reis Andrezza T. J. B.
- Reis Diego L.
- Reis Diego L.
- Reis Helder
- Rezende Claudnei M.
- Rezende Ederlon
- Rezende Ederlon A. C.
- Rezende Valeria M. C.
- Ribeiro Gisele F. M.
- Ribeiro Rubens A. B.
- Ribeiro Wagner
- Rieder Marcelo M.
- Rocha Edson P.
- Rodrigues Ricardo G.
- Romano Edson
- Romano Edson
- Romano Marcelo
- Rossetti Santana Heloisa B.
- Rosso Deorgelis
- Sa Alexandre
- Sala Andrea D.
- Sales Joao A. L., Jr.
- Salgado Diamantino R.
- Salomao Maria C.
- Sandri Priscila
- Santana Hericalizandra S. R.
- Santiago Roberta R. S.
- Santos Gheisa D.
- Santos Grazielle O.
- Santos Jose R. P.
- Santos Lucio S.
- Santos Moreno C.
- Santos Patricia L.
- Santos Priscila J. C. D.
- Santos Thiago M.
- Sarat Saturnino Campo, Jr.
- Savi Augusto
- Scaglia Nris C.
- Schaich Felipe
- Schettino Guilherme P. P.
- Schiavetto Paulo M.
- Schievano Fabiana R.
- Schulz Luis F.
- Schwarz Patricia
- Schwarz Patricia
- Seeger Gabriela M.
- Segundo Valerio J.
- Severino Marta A.
- Silva Albano S.
- Silva Aline C. F.
- Silva Alline O.
- Silva Anselmo C.
- Silva Dafne C. B.
- Silva Fabiano D.
- Silva Nelson B.
- Silva Patricia N.
- Silva Rosicley S.
- Silva Rozangela R.
- Silva Sabrina F.
- Silva Sandra R. B.
- Silva Silvangela G. A.
- Smith Thiago C.
- Sousa Neto Jefferson A.
- Sousa Marcelo F.
- Souza Ana R.
- Souza Marcia L. V. D.
- Souza Marcia M. F.
- Starling Claudia M.
- Suguitani Edmundo O.
- Suzuki Vivian C.
- Suzumura Erica A.
- Suzumura Erica A.
- Tagliari Luciana
- Taino Bruno
- Taira Elisabete E.
- Takahashi Luzia
- Takahashi Luzia N.
- Takatani Rodrigo R.
- Tallo Fernando S.
- Tamazato Edys Y.
- Taniguchi Leandro
- Tarkieltaub Elcio
- Tavares Daniele
- Tavares Daniele C. C.
- Tavares Marcel V.
- Tavares Roberta C.
- Tcherniakovisk Leo
- Teixeira Cassiano
- Teixeira Cassiano
- Teixeira Cassiano
- Teixeira Cristina
- Teixeira Luciano O.
- Telles Jose M. M.
- Thompson Marlus M.
- Toledo Diogo
- Tomizuka Carlos I.
- Torres Franciele C. C.
- Toufen Carlos, Jr.
- Tozo Tatiane C.
- Trindade Renata S.
- Tucci Mauro
- Uratani Cristiana C. S.
- Vanzuita Raquel
- Vasconcelos Marcia O. M.
- Vasconcelos Paula T.
- Vassallo Paula F.
- Vendrame Leticia S.
- Verdeal Juan C.
- Vianna Arthur
- Vieira Debora F. V. B.
- Vieira Silvia R. R.
- Vieira Vitor M.
- Vieira Vitor M.
- Viera Filho Edesio
- Walter Stephen
- Wawrzeniak Iuri C.
- Werneck Vinicius
- Westphal Glauco
- Westphal Glauco
- Winveler Georgia F. P.
- Wysocki Natacha
- Xavier Patricia A.
- Yamada Sergio S.
- Zanta Camila C.
- Zoghbi Karina K.
- Publication venue
- LONDON
- Publication date
- 28/08/2012
- Field of study
Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt
S1637 Hidrogen Sulfide (H2S) Is a Mediator of Gastric Mucosal Defense Against Ethanol Induced- Gastric Damage in Mice
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- Field of study
W1722 Role of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) and Constitutive NO Synthase (cNOS) in the Gastroprotection of Hemeoxigenase-1 (HO-1)/Biliverdin/Co Pathway Against Indomethacin- Induced Gastric Damage in Mice
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Correction: Defined Nutrient Diets Alter Susceptibility to Clostridium difficile Associated Disease in a Murine Model
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Public Library of Science (PLoS)'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Hydrogen Sulfide Prevents Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage in Mice: Role of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels and Capsaicin-Sensitive Primary Afferent Neurons
- Author
- Publication venue
- AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
- Publication date
- Field of study
The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) on ethanol-induced gastric lesions in mice and the influence of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels, capsaicin-sensitive sensory afferent neurons, and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 1 receptors on such an effect. Saline and L-cysteine alone or with propargylglycine, sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), or Lawesson`s reagent were administrated for testing purposes. For other experiments, mice were pretreated with glibenclamide, neurotoxic doses of capsaicin, or capsazepine. Afterward, mice received L-cysteine, NaHS, or Lawesson`s reagent. After 30 min, 50% ethanol was administrated by gavage. After 1 h, mice were sacrificed, and gastric damage was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic analyses. L-Cysteine, NaHS, and Lawesson`s reagent treatment prevented ethanol-induced macroscopic and microscopic gastric damage in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of propargylglycine, an inhibitor of endogenous H(2)S synthesis, reversed gastric protection induced by L-cysteine. Glibenclamide reversed L-cysteine, NaHS, or Lawesson`s reagent gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced macroscopic damage in a dose-dependent manner. Chemical ablation of sensory afferent neurons by capsaicin reversed gastroprotective effects of L-cysteine or H(2)S donors (NaHS or Lawesson`s reagent) in ethanol-induced macroscopic gastric damage. Likewise, in the presence of the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine, the gastroprotective effects of L-cysteine, NaHS, or Lawesson`s reagent were also abolished. Our results suggest that H(2)S prevents ethanol-induced gastric damage. Although there are many mechanisms through which this effect can occur, our data support the hypothesis that the activation of K(ATP) channels and afferent neurons/TRPV1 receptors is of primary importance.National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development of Brazil (CNPq Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico
Effects of nutritional status and diets on mortality, disease severity and infection burden in mice challenged with <i>C</i>. <i>difficile</i>.
- Author
- Aldo A. Lima (771287)
- Caio C. D. Pinheiro (771281)
- Cirle A. Warren (129795)
- David T. Bolick (529509)
- Edna I. Zaenker (771282)
- Edward van Opstal (771283)
- Francisco J. D. Noronha (771284)
- Glynis L. Kolling (388690)
- John H. Moore (771280)
- Pedro H. Q. S. De Medeiros (771285)
- Raphael S. Rodriguez (771286)
- Richard L. Guerrant (129789)
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- Field of study
<p>Effects of nutritional status and diets on mortality, disease severity and infection burden in mice challenged with <i>C</i>. <i>difficile</i>.</p
Defined Nutrient Diets Alter Susceptibility to <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Associated Disease in a Murine Model
- Author
- Aldo A. Lima (771287)
- Caio C. D. Pinheiro (771281)
- Cirle A. Warren (129795)
- David T. Bolick (529509)
- Edna I. Zaenker (771282)
- Edward van Opstal (771283)
- Francisco J. D. Noronha (771284)
- Glynis L. Kolling (388690)
- John H. Moore (771280)
- Pedro H. Q. S. De Medeiros (771285)
- Raphael S. Rodriguez (771286)
- Richard L. Guerrant (129789)
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- Field of study
<div><p>Background</p><p><i>Clostridium difficile</i> is a major identifiable and treatable cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Poor nutritional status contributes to mortality through weakened host defenses against various pathogens. The primary goal of this study was to assess the contribution of a reduced protein diet to the outcomes of <i>C</i>. <i>difficile</i> infection in a murine model.</p><p>Methods</p><p>C57BL/6 mice were fed a traditional house chow or a defined diet with either 20% protein or 2% protein and infected with <i>C</i>. <i>difficile</i> strain VPI10463. Animals were monitored for disease severity, clostridial shedding and fecal toxin levels. Select intestinal microbiota were measured in stool and <i>C</i>. <i>difficile </i>growth and toxin production were quantified <i>ex vivo </i>in intestinal contents from untreated or antibiotic-treated mice fed with the different diets.</p><p>Results</p><p><i>C</i>. <i>difficile </i>infected mice fed with defined diets, particularly (and unexpectedly) with protein deficient diet, had increased survival, decreased weight loss, and decreased overall disease severity. <i>C</i>. <i>difficile</i> shedding and toxin in the stool of the traditional diet group was increased compared with either defined diet 1 day post infection. Mice fed with traditional diet had an increased intestinal Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio following antibiotic exposure compared with either a 2% or 20% protein defined nutrient diet. <i>Ex vivo</i> inoculation of cecal contents from antibiotic-treated mice showed decreased toxin production and <i>C</i>. <i>difficile</i> growth in both defined diets compared with a traditional diet.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Low protein diets, and defined nutrient diets in general, were found to be protective against CDI in mice. Associated diet-induced alterations in intestinal microbiota may influence colonization resistance and clostridial toxin production in a defined nutrient diet compared to a traditional diet, leading to increased survival. However, mechanisms which led to survival differences between 2% and 20% protein defined nutrient diets need to be further elucidated.</p></div
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