Red neuro-difusa para el relleno de datos faltantes en la estación meteorológica Chapingo

Esta investigación presenta la aplicación de un modelo de red neurodifusa llamado ANFIS para el problema de estimación de datos faltantes meteorológicos: temperatura, velocidad del viento, humedad relativa y radiación solar en la estimación de la Evapotranspiración de referencia ETo. ANFIS es un método que permite crear la base de reglas de un sistema difuso, utilizando el algoritmo de retro propagación a partir de los datos de un proceso. La estructura de la red neuro-difusa para cada variable meteorológica consiste en dos entradas y una salida. La evaluación del relleno de datos faltantes se realiza mediante la Raíz Cuadrada del Error Cuadrático Medio (RMSE). Los resultados muestran que al usar un mayor número de iteraciones y variación de datos en el entrenamiento puede ayudar a la ANFIS a obtener resultados más preciso

A Supplemental computer-assisted intervention to prevent early reading difficulties in spanish learners: a randomised controlled trial

Difficulties implementing effective instruction for at-risk students arise from two challenges: evidence-based knowledge transfer and lack of economic resources. Computer-assisted programs can offer a suitable solution, providing quality instruction with low cost resources. Thirty first grade students with learning difficulties were identified and paired on at least four pretest reading measures (reading efficiency of monosyllabic and disyllabic items, words, pseudowords, and texts). Each pair was assigned to two different intervention programs: a computer-assisted instructional program (CAP) focused on developing phonological route versus to the Spanish public school assistance services (AS). Computer-assisted instruction consisted of four individual 12-15 minute sessions per week focused on syllable decoding plus a collective comprehension session per week of 1 hour. CAP was delivered by university students. The assistance services typically consisted of one hour per week, individually or in small groups, delivered by trained teachers. Both programs were applied during eleven weeks. 9 of 15 subjects from the AS condition showed resistance to treatment, while only 5 of 15 subjects were treatment resisters on the CAP condition.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Single-layer economic model predictive control for periodic operation

In this paper we consider periodic optimal operation of constrained periodic linear systems. We propose an economic model predictive controller based on a single layer that unites dynamic real time optimization and control. The proposed controller guarantees closed-loop convergence to the optimal periodic trajectory that minimizes the average operation cost for a given economic criterion. A priori calculation of the optimal trajectory is not required and if the economic cost function is changed, recursive feasibility and convergence to the new periodic optimal trajectory is guaranteed. The results are demonstrated with two simulation examples, a four tank system, and a simplified model of a section of Barcelona's water distribution network.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft

Estudio sobre encofrados de madera modernos

This article is a compendium of almost all of the existing literature, in addition to important contributions by the author, on forms —an important aspect of the building industry, as their cost is not infrequently as high or higher than that of the actual concrete poured. Thus, to the benefit of architects, engineers, site supervisors and carpenters, data are provided, as well as charts and calculations for a rational use of these forms, whether wooden, metal or of other material.En esta artículo sa compendia casi toda la literatura existente, así como importantes aportaciones del autor, sobre encofrados, capítulo importante en la construcción, ya que su costo resulta no pocas veces tan elevado o más que el propio hormigón vertido. Así, pues, en beneficio de arquKectos, ingenieros, encargados y carpinteros, se dan datos, cuadros y abacos para el empleo racional de los citados encofrados, sean de madera, metálicos, etcétera

The Impact of Pb from Ammunition on the Vegetation of a Bird Shooting Range

Hunting with lead ammunition represents a source of heavy metal pollution to the environment that can be potentially high at the local scale. Intensive hunting of small game species can concentrate high levels of ammunition discharging in small areas. This type of hunting is a relevant economic resource for private landowners in some regions of Spain, and current legislation allows the use of lead ammunition in these scenarios. It becomes, therefore, highly relevant to study whether this activity may pose concerns to the conservation of the environment in the areas where it takes place. Using a red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) shooting range as a study area, we examined the effect of intensive hunting on this species on the vegetation present. We found significantly higher lead levels in the sprouts of plants of shooting areas related to control sites of the same property where partridge shooting does not occur. We found differences in the presence of lead between sprouts of different plant species. In addition, old sprouts of existing vegetation in shooting areas also showed higher lead levels than newly emerged sprouts of the same plants. These results demonstrate the impact of lead ammunition on vegetation in terms of persistence over time and differences between species. Further analyses using chemical and ecotoxicological data are necessary to evaluate the extent of environmental pollution risks. Our results provide new support in favor of the use of alternative ammunition, with particular emphasis on scenarios where hunting activity is intensive

Is the intrasexual competition in male red deer reflected in the ratio of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in faeces?

Isotopic analysis of carbon and nitrogen in faeces is a reliable methodology for studying ecology in wildlife. Here, we tested this technique to detect variations in carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in two different intrasexual competition scenarios of male Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) using faeces of individuals collected during hunting actions in South-eastern Spain. The carbon isotopic ratio (δ13C) was not found to be significant, likely due to similar diet composition in all individuals. However, the nitrogen isotopic ratio (δ15N) was found to be lower in populations where sexual competition between males during the rut was higher compared to low-competition populations. Therefore, this study suggests a different use of proteins by an individual male red deer depending on the sexually competitive context in which he lives. Although further research is needed, these results show the potential of isotopic analysis as a tool for studying individual and populational variations in the level of intrasexual competition, with implications in evolutionary ecology and population management