Generación de un modelo celular para la caracterización funcional de mutaciones en la succinato deshidrogenasa asociadas a cáncer y a enfermedades neurodegenerativas

La mitocondria es un orgánulo que desempeña un papel fundamental en el funcionamiento celular. Defectos en su funcionamiento generan multitud de patologías. Entre las causas de estas patologías mitocondriales se encuentran las mutaciones en genes que codifican para enzimas mitocondriales, en especial en las de los complejos de la cadena respiratoria. Mutaciones en la succinato deshidrogenasa se han descrito asociadas a enfermedades neurodegenerativas y a cáncer. Los mecanismos que explican estas asociaciones no están claros. Este trabajo pretende generar un modelo celular para el estudio de mutaciones en la succinato deshidrogenasa y avanzar en los mecanismos moleculares que las conectan a estas patologías. Para ello, se generó una línea celular SDHA-/- mediante complejos gRNA/Cas9. Además, se sintetizó un plásmido de rescate con la secuencia codificante de SDHA, sobre el cual se realizó mutagénesis dirigida para introducir las mutaciones c.1351C>T y c.1765C>T. Estos plásmidos se usaron para los ensayos de rescate en las células U2OS SDHA -/- y se analizó la expresión de SDHB y la de los complejos de la cadena respiratoria.Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y FisiologíaMáster en Investigación Biomédic

A new artificial neural network ensemble based on feature selection and class recoding

Many of the studies related to supervised learning have focused on the resolution of multiclass problems. A standard technique used to resolve these problems is to decompose the original multiclass problem into multiple binary problems. In this paper, we propose a new learning model applicable to multi-class domains in which the examples are described by a large number of features. The proposed model is an Artificial Neural Network ensemble in which the base learners are composed by the union of a binary classifier and a multiclass classifier. To analyze the viability and quality of this system, it will be validated in two real domains: traffic sign recognition and hand-written digit recognition. Experimental results show that our model is at least as accurate as other methods reported in the bibliography but has a considerable advantage respecting size, computational complexity, and running tim

Specialized ensemble of classifiers for traffic sign recognition

Proceeding of: 9th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, IWANN 2007, San Sebastían, España, junio, 2007.Several complex problems have to be solved in order to build Advanced Driving Assistance Systems. Among them, an important problem is the detection and classification of traffic signs, which can appear at any position within a captured image. This paper describes a system that employs independent modules to classify several prohibition road signs. Combining the predictions made by the set of classifiers, a unique final classification is achieved. To reduce the computational complexity and to achieve a real-time system, a previous input feature selection is performed. Experimental evaluation confirms that using this feature selection allows a significant input data reduction without an important loss of output accuracy.The research reported here has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science under project TRA2004-07441-C03-C02

An ensemble approach of dual base learners for multi-class classification problems

In this work, we formalise and evaluate an ensemble of classifiers that is designed for the resolution of multi-class problems. To achieve a good accuracy rate, the base learners are built with pairwise coupled binary and multi-class classifiers. Moreover, to reduce the computational cost of the ensemble and to improve its performance, these classifiers are trained using a specific attribute subset. This proposal offers the opportunity to capture the advantages provided by binary decomposition methods, by attribute partitioning methods, and by cooperative characteristics associated with a combination of redundant base learners. To analyse the quality of this architecture, its performance has been tested on different domains, and the results have been compared to other well-known classification methods. This experimental evaluation indicates that our model is, in most cases, as accurate as these methods, but it is much more efficient. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.This research was supported by the Spanish MICINN under Projects TRA2010-20225-C03-01, TRA 2011-29454-C03-02, and TRA 2011-29454-C03-03

SEGUIMIENTO DEL USO DE LAS TIC EN LA FACULTAD DE CONTADURÍA Y ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO, 2016

Este trabajo presenta resultados comparativos de un proyecto de Investigación (UAEMéx, 2016). El objetivo de este estudio es dar seguimiento a las acciones que han impulsado el uso eficiente de las TIC en la Facultad de Contaduría y Administración de la UAEM, a tres años de haber hecho el diagnóstico inicial. Se contempla el análisis de la información actual y lo que ha traído como consecuencia la inserción casi forzada de la tecnología en todos nuestros alumnos y docentes. Así mismo se pretenden realizar estrategias para seguir incentivando el uso de las tecnologías en la práctica docente y lograr con esto, resultados que impacten en el aprendizaje. La administración de la práctica de la docencia con apoyo de la tecnología requiere de control y evaluación, como en cualquier proceso administrativo. Este estudio muestra resultados comparativos después de seguir acciones que han promovido el aprovechamiento y uso eficiente de las tecnologías de información en el quehacer docente

Morbilidad obstétrica extremadamente grave y su relación con indicadores maternos y perinatales

Introduction: Extremely severe obstetric morbidity is defined as any serious complica tion that occurs during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum, which jeopardizes the life of women and that requires immediate attention to prevent death. Objective: to characterize patients with extremely severe obstetric morbidity. Methods: a longitudinal descriptive prospective-retrospective study was carried out at the Mariana Grajales Gynecology and Obstetric University Hospital in Santa Clara from January 2007 to December 2009. For the collection of information, a questionnaire with the variables of interest was devised by means of a review of the individual medical records, interviews with patients and data provided by the statistics department of the hospital. Results: it was found that 135 patients had extremely severe obstetric morbidity in the study period. The main causes were related to hemorrhage (52.59%) and hypertensive disorders (50.37%). It is noted that dystocic delivery through cesarean section (64.44%) was an obstetric event related to extremely severe obstetric morbidity. There is a direct relationship between maternal and perinatal outcomes in this group of patients. The Intensive Care Unit was used in cases of extreme gravity, and four maternal deaths occurred in these three years. It means that a total of 169 years of potential life were lost for reasons associated with maternity; and the average years of life potentially lost by each woman was 42.25 years. Conclusions: During the study period, hemorrhage and hypertensive disorders were the main causes of extremely severe obstetric morbidity. There was an obvious direct relationship with perinatal outcomes in these cases, and with cesarean delivery and the use of Units Intensive Care. Four maternal deaths were reported in this triennium.Introducción: La Morbilidad obstétrica extremadamente grave se define como toda complicación grave que ocurre durante el embarazo, parto o puerperio, que pone en riesgo la vida de la mujer y requiere de una atención inmediata con el fin de evitar la muerte. Objetivo: caracterizar a las pacientes con morbilidad obstétrica extremadamente grave. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal y ambiespectivo en el Hospital Universitario Gineco-Obstétrico “Mariana Grajales” de Santa Clara de enero de 2007 a diciembre de 2009. Para la recogida de la información se confeccionó un formulario con las variables de interés a través de la revisión de historias clínicas individuales, de entrevistas a las pacientes y de datos ofrecidos por el departamento de estadísticas del hospital. Resultados: Se constató que en el período de estudio 135 pacientes presentaron morbilidad obstétrica extremadamente grave, donde las principales causas estuvieron relacionadas con la hemorragia (52.59%) y los trastornos hipertensivos, (50.37%); se destaca que el parto distócico por cesárea (64.44%); fue un evento obstétrico relacionado con la morbilidad obstétrica extremadamente grave. Existe una relación directa entre los resultados maternos y los resultados perinatales en este grupo de pacientes. Se utilizó la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva en los casos de extrema gravedad y ocurrieron cuatro muertes maternas en estos tres años, lo que representa que dejaron de vivir por causas asociadas a la maternidad un total de 169 años y como promedio de años de vida potencialmente perdidos cada mujer dejó de vivir 42.25 años por dichas causas. Conclusiones: En el período de estudio la hemorragia y los trastornos hipertensivos resultaron las causas fundamentales de morbilidad obstétrica extremadamente grave; se observó la evidente relación directa con los resultados perinatales en estos casos, así como con la operación cesárea y la utilización de las Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Se informaron cuatro muertes maternas en este trienio

Análisis de la conducta sexual de adolescentes autóctonos e inmigrantes latinoamericanos en España

Los inmigrantes suponen actualmente el 11,4% de la población española y en ellos se diagnosticó el 37% de las nuevas infecciones de VIH en 2008. Debido a las elevadas tasas de infección de la población inmigrante y al riesgo existente entre los adolescentes, el objetivo de este estudio descriptivo mediante encuenta es analizar las características fundamentales de la conducta sexual en general y de riesgo para ITS/ VIH, en particular, de los adolescentes en España, comparando entre adolescentes autóctonos y latinoamericanos, con el fin de evaluar si existen diferencias debidas a factores culturales. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 2.962 adolescentes residentes en España, de los que el 71% era de origen autóctono y el 29% de origen latinoamericano; el 49,9% eran hombres y el 50,1% mujeres. En los resultados se observa que los adolescentes latinoamericanos utilizan menos el preservativo que los autóctonos, tienen un mayor número de parejas sexuales y presentan un mayor consumo de drogas en las relaciones sexuales, con lo que emiten un mayor número de conductas de riesgo para las ITS y el VIH. En la discusión se comentan estos resultados y se plantea la necesidad de programas de prevención adaptados a los adolescentes de minorías étnicas residentes en España.Immigrants are the 11.4% of the Spanish population now and the 37% of the new HIV infection cases diagnosed in 2008 were in them. Due to the high rates of infection in immigrants and the existing risk among adolescents, the main aim of this study is to analyze the basic characteristics of sexual behaviour in Spanish adolescents, comparing between two groups: Spanish native adolescents and Latin American immigrant adolescents. The sample was composed by 2,962 adolescents (71% were native and 29% were Latin American). Of them, 49.9% were males and 51.1% were females. Participants provided information about several sociodemographic characteristics and their sexual life history. Results showed that Latin American adolescents used less condoms compared to native adolescents and had a higher drugs use during sexual intercourses which means that Latin American adolescents are more envolved in sexual risk behaviours. In the discussion section, these results are mentioned as well as the need of prevention programs tailored to ethnic minorities living in Spain.Esta investigación ha sido realizada gracias a la beca de Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU) (referencia AP-2005-1256) concedida al segundo autor por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia

Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación y su impacto en la innovación organizacional en las instituciones de Educación superior

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar el grado de asociación y el efecto de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación en la Innovación Organizacional en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) del Estado de México. La muestra es de tipo no probabilística, y en ella participaron 32 (IES) y; 235 personas respondieron al cuestionario. Se aplicó un instrumento auto administrado en escala ordinal, que consideró como unidad de análisis a mandos medios y directivos Los resultados muestran una relación entre las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación y la Innovación Organizacional, explicada a través de un modelo de regresión múltipl

In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Titanium Grade IV and Titanium Grade V Implants with Different Surface Treatments

The aim of our study is to evaluate different implant surface treatments using TiIV and TiV in in vitro and in vivo studies. An in vitro study was established comprising four study groups with treated and untreated TiIV titanium discs (TiIVT and TiIVNT) and treated and untreated TiV titanium discs (TiVT and TiVNT). The surface treatment consisted in a grit blasting treatment with alumina and double acid passivation to modify surface roughness. The surface chemical composition and the surface microstructure of the samples were analyzed. The titanium discs were subjected to cell cultures to determine cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts on them. The in vivo study was carried out on the tibia of three New Zealand rabbits in which 18 implants divided into three experimental groups were placed (TiIVT, TiIVNT, and TiVT). Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed to determine bone density around the implants. The results showed that cell culture had minor adhesion and cell proliferation in TiIVT and TiVT within the first 6 and 24 h. However, no differences were found after 48 h. No statistically significant differences were found in the in vivo micro-CT and histological study; however, there was a positive trend in bone formation in the groups with a treated surface. Conclusions: All groups showed a similar response to in vitro cell proliferation cultures after 48 h. No statistically significant differences were found in the in vivo micro-CT and histological study

MicroRNA-223 is a novel negative regulator of HSP90B1 in CLL

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.[Background]: MicroRNAs are known to inhibit gene expression by binding to the 3'UTR of the target transcript. Downregulation of miR-223 has been recently reported to have prognostic significance in CLL. However, there is no evidence of the pathogenetic mechanism of this miRNA in CLL patients. [Methods]: By applying next-generation sequencing techniques we have detected a common polymorphism (rs2307842), in 24% of CLL patients, which disrupts the binding site for miR-223 in HSP90B1 3'UTR. We investigated whether miR-223 directly targets HSP90B1 through luciferase assays and ectopic expression of miR-223. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to determine HSP90B1 expression in CLL patients. The relationship between rs2307842 status, HSP90B1 expression and clinico-biological data were assessed. [Results]: HSP90B1 is a direct target for miR-223 by interaction with the putative miR-223 binding site. The analysis in paired samples (CD19+ fraction cell and non-CD19+ fraction cell) showed that the presence of rs2307842 and IGHV unmutated genes determined HSP90B1 overexpression in B lymphocytes from CLL patients. These results were confirmed at the protein level by western blot. Of note, HSP90B1 overexpression was independently predictive of shorter time to the first therapy in CLL patients. By contrast, the presence of rs2307842 was not related to the outcome. [Conclusions]: HSP90B1 is a direct target gene of miR-223. Our results provide a plausible explanation of why CLL patients harboring miR-223 downregulation are associated with a poor outcome, pointing out HSP90B1 as a new pathogenic mechanism in CLL and a promising therapeutic target.This work was partially supported by grants from the Spanish Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias FIS 09/01543 and PI12/00281, Proyectos de Investigación del SACYL 355/A/09, COST Action EuGESMA (BM0801), Fundación Manuel Solórzano, Obra Social Banca Cívica (Caja Burgos), Fundación Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia (FEHH) and by a grant (RD12/0036/0069) from the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness & European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “Una manera de hacer Europa” (Innocampus). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under Grant Agreement n°306242-NGS-PTL. MHS is fully supported by an Ayuda predoctoral de la Junta de Castilla y Leon by the Fondo Social Europeo. ME Sarasquete is supported by Contrato Miguel Servet (CP13/00080).Peer Reviewe