Egg Parasitoids of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) on Soybean and Cowpea in Brazil

Parasitoids naturally attacking stink bug (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) eggs and interactions with their hosts were recorded on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merril; Fabales: Fabaceae) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.; Fabales: Fabaceae) host plants in Brazil. Egg masses of stink bugs collected from plant structures were observed daily until emergence of either parasitoids or bugs. Stink bugs were parasitized by 8 species of egg parasitoids: Trissolcus urichi Crawford, Trissolcus teretis Johnson, Trissolcus bodkini Crawford, Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Phanuropsis semiflaviventris Girault (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Neorileya flavipes Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Ooencyrtus anasae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Trissolcus urichi, Te. podisi, O. anasae, and N. flavipes parasitized eggs of 2 or more species of stink bugs, and Tr. urichi and Te. podisi were the most generalist. Phanuropsis semiflaviventris, Tr. teretis, Tr. bodkini, and Anastatus sp. showed specialist behavior, because each of them parasitized only 1 species of stink bug.Se registraron los parasitoides que atacan los huevos de los chinches (Hemiptera: Coreidae y Pentatomidae) de forma natural y las interacciones con sus hospederos sobre las plantas hospederas soja (Glycine max [L.] Merrill; Fabales: Fabaceae) y caupí (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp .; Fabales: Fabaceae) en Brasil. Se observaron masas de huevos de chinches recolectados sobre las estructuras vegetales todos los días hasta la emergencia de los parasitoides o chinches. Los chinches fueron parasitados por 8 especies de parasitoides de huevos: Trissolcus urichi Crawford, Trissolcus teretis Johnson, Trissolcus bodkini Crawford, Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Phanuropsis semiflaviventris Girault (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Neorileya flavipes Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Ooencyrtus anasae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) y Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Las avispas Trissolcus urichi, Te. podisi, O. anasae y N. flavipes parasitaron los huevos de 2 o más especies de chinches, y Tr. urichi y Te. podisi fueron los más generalistas. Las avispas Phanuropsis semiflaviventris, Tr. teretis, Tr. bodkini y Anastatus sp. mostraron un comportamiento especialista, ya que parasitaron sólo una especie de chinche.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Egg Parasitoids of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) on Soybean and Cowpea in Brazil

Parasitoids naturally attacking stink bug (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) eggs and interactions with their hosts were recorded on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merril; Fabales: Fabaceae) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.; Fabales: Fabaceae) host plants in Brazil. Egg masses of stink bugs collected from plant structures were observed daily until emergence of either parasitoids or bugs. Stink bugs were parasitized by 8 species of egg parasitoids: Trissolcus urichi Crawford, Trissolcus teretis Johnson, Trissolcus bodkini Crawford, Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Phanuropsis semiflaviventris Girault (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Neorileya flavipes Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Ooencyrtus anasae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Trissolcus urichi, Te. podisi, O. anasae, and N. flavipes parasitized eggs of 2 or more species of stink bugs, and Tr. urichi and Te. podisi were the most generalist. Phanuropsis semiflaviventris, Tr. teretis, Tr. bodkini, and Anastatus sp. showed specialist behavior, because each of them parasitized only 1 species of stink bug.Se registraron los parasitoides que atacan los huevos de los chinches (Hemiptera: Coreidae y Pentatomidae) de forma natural y las interacciones con sus hospederos sobre las plantas hospederas soja (Glycine max [L.] Merrill; Fabales: Fabaceae) y caupí (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp .; Fabales: Fabaceae) en Brasil. Se observaron masas de huevos de chinches recolectados sobre las estructuras vegetales todos los días hasta la emergencia de los parasitoides o chinches. Los chinches fueron parasitados por 8 especies de parasitoides de huevos: Trissolcus urichi Crawford, Trissolcus teretis Johnson, Trissolcus bodkini Crawford, Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Phanuropsis semiflaviventris Girault (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Neorileya flavipes Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Ooencyrtus anasae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) y Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Las avispas Trissolcus urichi, Te. podisi, O. anasae y N. flavipes parasitaron los huevos de 2 o más especies de chinches, y Tr. urichi y Te. podisi fueron los más generalistas. Las avispas Phanuropsis semiflaviventris, Tr. teretis, Tr. bodkini y Anastatus sp. mostraron un comportamiento especialista, ya que parasitaron sólo una especie de chinche.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Evaluation of passive samplers as a monitoring tool for early warning of Dinophysis toxins in shellfish

From June 2006 to January 2007 passive samplers (solid phase adsorbing toxin tracking, SPATT) were tested as a monitoring tool with weekly monitoring of phytoplankton and toxin content (liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, LC-MS) in picked cells of Dinophysis and plankton concentrates. Successive blooms of Dinophysis acuminata, D. acuta and D. caudata in 2006 caused a long mussel harvesting closure (4.5 months) in the Galician Rías (NW Spain) and a record (up to 9246 ng·g resin-week−1) accumulation of toxins in SPATT discs. Best fit of a toxin accumulation model was between toxin accumulation in SPATT and the product of cell densities by a constant value, for each species of Dinophysis, of toxin content (average) in picked cells. Detection of Dinophysis populations provided earlier warning of oncoming diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) outbreaks than the SPATT, which at times overestimated the expected toxin levels in shellfish because: (i) SPATT accumulated toxins did not include biotransformation and depuration loss terms and (ii) accumulation of toxins not available to mussels continued for weeks after Dinophysis cells were undetectable and mussels were toxin-free. SPATT may be a valuable environmental monitoring and research tool for toxin dynamics, in particular in areas with no aquaculture, but does not provide a practical gain for early warning of DSP outbreaks

Egg Parasitoids of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) on Soybean and Cowpea in Brazil

Parasitoids naturally attacking stink bug (Hemiptera: Coreidae and Pentatomidae) eggs and interactions with their hosts were recorded on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merril; Fabales: Fabaceae) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.; Fabales: Fabaceae) host plants in Brazil. Egg masses of stink bugs collected from plant structures were observed daily until emergence of either parasitoids or bugs. Stink bugs were parasitized by 8 species of egg parasitoids: Trissolcus urichi Crawford, Trissolcus teretis Johnson, Trissolcus bodkini Crawford, Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Phanuropsis semiflaviventris Girault (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Neorileya flavipes Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Ooencyrtus anasae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Trissolcus urichi, Te. podisi, O. anasae, and N. flavipes parasitized eggs of 2 or more species of stink bugs, and Tr. urichi and Te. podisi were the most generalist. Phanuropsis semiflaviventris, Tr. teretis, Tr. bodkini, and Anastatus sp. showed specialist behavior, because each of them parasitized only 1 species of stink bug.Se registraron los parasitoides que atacan los huevos de los chinches (Hemiptera: Coreidae y Pentatomidae) de forma natural y las interacciones con sus hospederos sobre las plantas hospederas soja (Glycine max [L.] Merrill; Fabales: Fabaceae) y caupí (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp .; Fabales: Fabaceae) en Brasil. Se observaron masas de huevos de chinches recolectados sobre las estructuras vegetales todos los días hasta la emergencia de los parasitoides o chinches. Los chinches fueron parasitados por 8 especies de parasitoides de huevos: Trissolcus urichi Crawford, Trissolcus teretis Johnson, Trissolcus bodkini Crawford, Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Phanuropsis semiflaviventris Girault (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), Neorileya flavipes Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), Ooencyrtus anasae (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) y Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Las avispas Trissolcus urichi, Te. podisi, O. anasae y N. flavipes parasitaron los huevos de 2 o más especies de chinches, y Tr. urichi y Te. podisi fueron los más generalistas. Las avispas Phanuropsis semiflaviventris, Tr. teretis, Tr. bodkini y Anastatus sp. mostraron un comportamiento especialista, ya que parasitaron sólo una especie de chinche.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Identification of 19-epi-okadaic Acid, a New Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin, by Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry Detection

Okadaic acid (1) (OA) and its congeners are mainly responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) syndrome. The presence of several OA derivatives have already been confirmed in Prorocentrum and Dinophysis spp. In this paper, we report on the detection and identification of a new DSP toxin, the OA isomer 19-epi-okadaic acid (2) (19-epi-OA), isolated from cultures of Prorocentrum belizeanum, by determining its retention time (RT) and fragmentation pattern using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).Versión del editor3,471

Nitroproteínas implicadas en la maduración de frutos y en el estrés por baja temperatura en plantas de pimiento (Capsicum annuum L)

Comunicaciones a congreso

Trisomy 8, A Cytogenetic Abnormality In Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Is Constitutional Or Not?

Isolated trisomy 8 is not considered presumptive evidence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in cases without minimal morphological criteria. One reason given is that trisomy 8 (+8) can be found as a constitutional mosaicism (cT8M). We tried to clarify the incidence of cT8M in myeloid neoplasms, specifically in MDS, and the diagnostic value of isolated +8 in MDS. Twenty-two MDS and 10 other myeloid neoplasms carrying +8 were studied. Trisomy 8 was determined in peripheral blood by conventional cytogenetics (CC) and on granulocytes, CD3+ lymphocytes and oral mucosa cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In peripheral blood CC, +8 was seen in 4/32 patients. By FISH, only one patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia showed +8 in all cell samples and was interpreted as a cT8M. In our series +8 was acquired in all MDS. Probably, once discarded cT8M by FISH from CD3+ lymphocytes and non-hematological cells, +8 should be considered with enough evidence to MDS

Lifestyle in Undergraduate Students and Demographically Matched Controls during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

Few studies have used a multidimensional approach to describe lifestyle changes among undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic or have included controls. This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle behaviors and mental health of undergraduate students and compare them with an age and sex-matched control group. A cross-sectional web survey using snowball sampling was conducted several months after the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. A sample of 221 students was recruited. The main outcome was the total SMILE-C score. Students showed a better SMILE-C score than controls (79.8 + 8.1 vs. 77.2 + 8.3; p < 0.001), although these differences disappeared after controlling for covariates. While groups did not differ in the screenings of depression and alcohol abuse, students reported lower rates of anxiety (28.5% vs. 37.1%; p = 0.042). A lower number of cohabitants, poorer self-perceived health and positive screening for depression and anxiety, or for depression only were independently associated (p < 0.05) with unhealthier lifestyles in both groups. History of mental illness and financial difficulties were predictors of unhealthier lifestyles for students, whereas totally/moderate changes in substance abuse and stress management (p < 0.05) were predictors for the members of the control group. Several months after the pandemic, undergraduate students and other young adults had similar lifestyles

Maximal respiratory pressure reference equations in healthy adults and cut-off points for defining respiratory muscle weakness

[Abstract] Introduction: Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax/PEmax) reference equations obtained in healthy people are needed to correctly interpret respiratory muscle strength. Currently, no clear cut-off points defining respiratory muscle weakness are available. We aimed to establish sex-specific reference equations for PImax/PEmax in a large sample of healthy adults and to objectively determine cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness. Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted across 14 Spanish centres. Healthy non-smoking volunteers aged 18-80 years stratified by sex and age were recruited. PImax/PEmax were assessed using uniform methodology according to international standards. Multiple linear regressions were used to obtain reference equations. Cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness were established by using T-scores. Results: The final sample consisted of 610 subjects (314 females; 48 [standard deviation, SD: 17] years). Reference equations for PImax/PEmax included body mass index and a squared term of the age as independent variables for both sexes (p<0.01). Cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness based on T-scores ≥2.5 SD below the peak mean value achieved at a young age were: 62 and 83cmH2O for PImax and 81 and 109cmH2O for PEmax in females and males, respectively. Conclusion: These reference values, based on the largest dataset collected in a European population to date using uniform methodology, help identify cut-off points for respiratory muscle weakness in females and males. These data will help to better identify the presence of respiratory muscle weakness and to determine indications for interventions to improve respiratory muscle function