Arbitrability of anti-competitive agreements in the law of the European Union

Irský advokát a rozhodce James Bridgeman kdysi napsal, že soutěžní právo a arbitráž je střet dvou černých umění. Toto vnímání se v podstatě nezměnilo, i když dnes je rozhodování soutěžního práva v arbitrážní praxi takřka na denním pořádku. Tato diplomová práce nejprve shrnuje pozadí arbitrability protisoutěžních dohod a dále vybírá specifické praktické problémy, kterým musí rozhodci čelit při rozhodování sporů z těchto smluv. Nejprve otázku, zda jsou rozhodci povinni řešit problematiku rozporu dohod se soutěžními normami ze svého vlastního podnětu (ex officio), dále, zda vnitrostátní soudy členských států EU musí automaticky rušit rozhodčí nálezy, které by právo hospodářské soutěže porušovaly, a naposled, zda jsou rozhodci vůbec schopní kvalifikovaně složité otázky soutěžního práva rozhodovat a jak jim v tom veřejnoprávní orgány pro hospodářskou soutěž, na jejichž bedrech zejména leží uplatňování soutěžního práva, mohou pomoci. Tato práce se zajímá především o evropskou právní úpravu, ovšem v některých případech jde do českého právního řádu a k určitým jeho problémům se snaží navrhnout konkrétní řešení.In the past, an Irish barrister and arbitrator James Bridgeman remarked that the arbitration of competition law is a meeting of two black arts. This perception has not changed since and yet, the adjudication of anti-competitive agreements in arbitration is an everyday event of real life. This thesis, after a brief summary of history of arbitrability of competition law, picks specific issues closely tied to current practical problems that arbitrators must face. First, whether arbitrators should consider themselves as being under obligation to raise competition issues of their own motion (ex officio) during arbitration proceedings, secondly, whether national courts of the EU Member States must automatically set arbitral awards in breach of competition rules aside and thirdly, whether arbitrators are in a good position to address complex antitrust questions properly and whether they can receive some help from the official competition authorities entrusted with primary enforcement of antitrust law. Mainly EU law will be covered here albeit with few brief excursions into particular problems of national law of the Czech Republic, to which this thesis endorses relevant solutions.Department of European LawKatedra evropského právaFaculty of LawPrávnická fakult

Using of RP techniques and lost wax technology for medical castings

Cílem diplomové práce je ověření možnosti získání odlitku femorální komponenty individuální náhrady kolenního kloubu pomocí technik rychlého prototypování a přesného lití. K získání voskových modelů náhrady byla použita silikonová forma. Její optimalizace z hlediska kvality odlitých modelů, ceny a chlazení je důležitým parametrem při opakované výrobě voskových modelů.The goal of the diploma thesis is to verify the possibilities of obtaining the casting of the femur component of the customized knee replacement using the technology of Rapid Prototyping and investment casting. To get the wax pattern it is used the method of fabrication the silicon rubber mould. Its optimalization from the wax pattern quality, economy of production and cooling speed aspects is important parameter at repeated production of the wax patterns.

Cogeneration unit noise reduction by its case

This paper deals with cogeneration unit noise measurement by the acoustic camera. Noise is not only measured as the final number of sound power levels, but also its original location is determined with the use of the beamforming algorithm. The properties of the used microphone array are considered and numerically calculated as every different microphone array layout will measure with another resolution. From the frequency spectrum, the possible technical source is determined. The results of noise source visualization show the cogeneration unit case noise decreasing effect while also offering the possibilities for design improvements.Web of Science20214504450

Experimental and computational study on mechanical stabilisation of sacral bone injuries

The experimental study focuses on minimally invasive fixation techniques of linear sacral fractures and its results are utilised for development and validation of the related computational model. The model is extended for analysis of unstable pelvic ring injuries with spinopelvic dissociation and their treatment with lumbo-sacral fixation techniques. Influence of a cross-link transverse connector and of an additional iliosacral screw on the fixation stability is assessed

Towards the development and verification of a 3D-based advanced optimized farm machinery trajectory algorithm

Efforts related to minimizing the environmental burden caused by agricultural activities and increasing economic efficiency are key contemporary drivers in the precision agriculture domain. Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) techniques are being applied against soil compaction creation, using the on-line optimization of trajectory planning for soil-sensitive field operations. The research presented in this paper aims at a proof-of-concept solution with respect to optimizing farm machinery trajectories in order to minimize the environmental burden and increase economic efficiency. As such, it further advances existing CTF solutions by including (1) efficient plot divisions in 3D, (2) the optimization of entry and exit points of both plot and plot segments, (3) the employment of more machines in parallel and (4) obstacles in a farm machinery trajectory. The developed algorithm is expressed in terms of unified modeling language (UML) activity diagrams as well as pseudo-code. Results were visualized in 2D and 3D to demonstrate terrain impact. Verifications were conducted at a fully operational commercial farm (Rostenice, the Czech Republic) against second-by-second sensor measurements of real farm machinery trajectories

Monitoring Alcohol Consumption in Slovak Cities during the COVID-19 Lockdown by Wastewater-Based Epidemiology.

The consumption of alcohol in a population is usually monitored through individual questionnaires, forensics, and toxicological data. However, consumption estimates have some biases, mainly due to the accumulation of alcohol stocks. This study's objective was to assess alcohol consumption in Slovakia during the COVID-19 pandemic-related lockdown using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Samples of municipal wastewater were collected from three Slovak cities during the lockdown and during a successive period with lifted restrictions in 2020. The study included about 14% of the Slovak population. The urinary alcohol biomarker, ethyl sulfate (EtS), was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). EtS concentrations were used to estimate the per capita alcohol consumption in each city. The average alcohol consumption in the selected cities in 2020 ranged between 2.1 and 327 L/day/1000 inhabitants and increased during days with weaker restrictions. WBE can provide timely information on alcohol consumption at the community level, complementing epidemiology-based monitoring techniques (e.g., population surveys and sales statistics)

Dual Neonate Vaccine Platform against HIV-1 and M. tuberculosis

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and tuberculosis (TB) are two of the world's most devastating diseases. The first vaccine the majority of infants born in Africa receive is Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as a prevention against TB. BCG protects against disseminated disease in the first 10 years of life, but provides a variable protection against pulmonary TB and enhancing boost delivered by recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (rMVA) expressing antigen 85A (Ag85A) of M. tuberculosis is currently in phase IIb evaluation in African neonates. If the newborn's mother is positive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the baby is at high risk of acquiring HIV-1 through breastfeeding. We suggested that a vaccination consisting of recombinant BCG expressing HIV-1 immunogen administered at birth followed by a boost with rMVA sharing the same immunogen could serve as a strategy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 and rMVA expressing an African HIV-1-derived immunogen HIVA is currently in phase I trials in African neonates. Here, we aim to develop a dual neonate vaccine platform against HIV-1 and TB consisting of BCG.HIVA administered at birth followed by a boost with MVA.HIVA.85A. Thus, mMVA.HIVA.85A and sMVA.HIVA.85A vaccines were constructed, in which the transgene transcription is driven by either modified H5 or short synthetic promoters, respectively, and tested for immunogenicity alone and in combination with BCG.HIVA222. mMVA.HIVA.85A was produced markerless and thus suitable for clinical manufacture. While sMVA.HIVA.85A expressed higher levels of the immunogens, it was less immunogenic than mMVA.HIVA.85A in BALB/c mice. A BCG.HIVA222–mMVA.HIVA.85A prime-boost regimen induced robust T cell responses to both HIV-1 and M. tuberculosis. Therefore, proof-of-principle for a dual anti-HIV-1/M. tuberculosis infant vaccine platform is established. Induction of immune responses against these pathogens soon after birth is highly desirable and may provide a basis for lifetime protection maintained by boosts later in life

Testing tools and their practical use

This thesis is focused on software testing, primarily on practical use of testing support tool HP Quality Center 11. Theoretical part of the thesis explains the basic concepts of testing, introduces the types of testing and pursues the role of testing in project management. Practical part demonstrates real use of HP Quality Center 11 in SEPA Direct Debit project in a financial institution, evaluates its benefits and shortcomings and suggests possible improvements

La réception de la légende arthurienne (XIIIe-XVe siècle) : conférence du jeudi 17 décembre 2009 / Michel Pastoureau, aut. du texte ; Michel Pastoureau, participant

[Conférence. 2009-12-17]Collection : Autour de l'exposition La légende du roi ArthurCollection : Autour de l'exposition La légende du roi ArthurCollection : Conférences de la Bibliothèque nationale de FranceCollection : Conférences de la Bibliothèque nationale de FranceEnregistrement : (France) Paris, BnF, 17-12-2009Durée : 01:21:07Thème : Littératur