BBS/BBF ENCAPSULATED MICROORGANISMS TECHNOLOGY FOR SOLID INOCULATION, THE NEXT STEP TO NOT USE WATER IN BIOLEACHING PROCESSES WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE

Industrial hydrometallurgical processes using copper oxides and mixed oxide/sulfide exhibit high concentrations of several ions in their raffinates that hinder the treatment of copper ores with microorganisms because they are strongly affected by ionic impurities. On the other hand, water costs and hydric balance of processes in some mining sites, especially in desert areas, make it impossible to use fresh water for the dilution of toxic solutions and compatibility of the microbial activity in the bioleaching process. A strategy to address this in bioleaching applications has not been solved with an economical sustainable way

Applications of the moduli continuity method to log K-stable pairs

The 'moduli continuity method' permits an explicit algebraisation of the Gromov-Hausdorff compactification of Kähler-Einstein metrics on Fano manifolds in some fundamental examples. In this paper, we apply such method in the 'log setting' to describe explicitly some compact moduli spaces of K-polystable log Fano pairs. We focus on situations when the angle of singularities is perturbed in an interval sufficiently close to one, by considering constructions arising from Geometric Invariant Theory. More precisely, we discuss the cases of pairs given by cubic surfaces with anticanonical sections, and of projective space with non-Fano hypersurfaces, and we show ampleness of the CM line bundle on their good moduli space (in the sense of Alper). Finally, we introduce a conjecture relating K-stability (and degenerations) of log pairs formed by a fixed Fano variety and pluri-anticanonical sections to certain natural GIT quotients

Programa pais eficiencia enegetica, sector industrial de la septima region

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad ser un aporte para el Programa País Eficiencia Energética. Esta enfocado en dar a conocer el nivel de eficiencia en el uso de los recursos energéticos de la Región del Maule. Esta organizado en 9 capítulos y contiene el resultado de la revisión de la literatura especializada[1], la propuesta metodológica para la elaboración de los indicadores de eficiencia energética, el resultado de los indicadores construidos, así como, una estimación preliminar del potencial del mejoramiento de la eficiencia energética en la Región. A principios del ano 2005 el Gobierno dio impulso al Programa País de Eficiencia Energética (PPEE), cuyo propósito central es el de construir un sistema de nacional de eficiencia energética. El Programa País de Eficiencia Energética consiste en la convocatoria de múltiples instituciones de gobierno, representantes de la sociedad civil y del sector productivo nacional con el objeto de coordinar esfuerzos para sacar adelante un conjunto de medidas especificas de mejoramiento de la eficiencia energética con impacto en el corto y mediano plazo, así como preparar las bases para establecer una acción permanente en la sociedad para hacer un uso eficiente de los recursos energéticos. Las primeras dos secciones son introductorias al tema de este estudio, en el segundo titulo se abordan temas teóricos relativos a elementos básicos y definiciones[2]. En la parte 4 se presenta la metodología de trabajo y en la 5 se dan a conocer los análisis y resultados. El capitulo 6 presenta un reporte de una de las empresas que participaron con mayor interés. Este fue elaborado después de varias visitas y reuniones que tuvimos con ellos, dándonos cuenta que esta viva tiene un gran potencial de ahorro. El capitulo 7 contempla un pequeño manual que da algunos consejos de buenas practicas para el uso eficiente de los equipos consumidores de energía. El capitulo 8 presenta las conclusiones finales del documento y el capitulo 9 muestra la bibliografía utilizada. Finalmente, es importante dejar en claro que este estudio no tiene la labor de buscar las causas del comportamiento en el uso de los recursos energéticos, si no mas bien, exponer los potenciales ahorros de energía si estos recursos se utilizaran de manera adecuada. Por ende, el propósito de este estudio, es dar a conocer específicamente al Gobierno la manera en que se utilizan los recursos energéticos en la Región del Maule

Coenzyme Q production by metabolic engineered Escherichia coli strains

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) plays an important role as an electron transporter in the respiratory chain. It is formed from a benzoquinone ring and an isoprenoid chain of a specific length depending on the organism. CoQ10 has been used in the treatment of different diseases including Parkinsons, Alzheimer and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, it is used as a dietary supplement and in cosmetic applications due to its important antioxidant property. Escherichia coli produces CoQ8 naturally but it is able to produce CoQ10 when an heterologous decaprenyl synthase is expressed. E. coli is easy to culture and relatively easy to modify genetically which makes it suitable for the development of an industrial-scale process. In a previous work, we constructed strains unable to produce demethylmenaquinone (DMK) and menaquinone (MK), compounds that compete for both chorismate, precursor of the benzoquinone ring, and the isoprenoid chain. In addition, mutant strains unable to produce enterobactin, high affinity siderophore, synthesized from chorismate, were also constructed. These strains where designed as platforms for the generation of novel CoQ-producing strains. In the present work, the production of CoQ was assessed in the mentioned strains at several culture conditions including the use of different carbon sources (glucose, glycerol and succinate) and different culture strategies (batch and continuous) in a Lab-Scale Bioreactor

Fibronectin modulates the endocannabinoid system through the cAMP/PKA pathway during human sperm capacitation

Fibronectin (Fn) enhances human sperm capacitation via the cAMP/PKA pathway, and the endocannabinoid system participates in this process. Moreover, Fn has been linked to endocannabinoid system components in different cellular models, even though no evidence of such interactions in human sperm is available. Normal semen samples were evaluated over a 4-year period. Our findings suggest that (a) the capacitating effects of Fn were reversed by preincubating the sperm with a cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) or transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) antagonist (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively); (b) cooperation between CB1 and TRPV1 may exist (p < 0.01); (c) the activity of specific fatty acid amide hydroxylase (FAAH) decreased after 1 min (p < 0.01) and increased after 60 min (p < 0.01) of capacitation in the presence of Fn; (d) the effects of Fn on FAAH activity were prevented by preincubating spermatozoa with a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor (p < 0.01); (e) Fn modulated both the cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentration and PKA activity (p < 0.05) during early capacitation; and (f) FAAH was a PKA substrate modulated by phosphorylation. These findings indicate that Fn stimulates human sperm capacitation via the cAMP/PKA pathway through modulation of the endocannabinoid system. Understanding the functional competence of human spermatozoa is essential for facilitating clinical advances in infertility treatment and for developing novel contraceptive strategies.Fil: Martínez León, Eduardo Antonio. Universidad de Antofagasta; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Osycka Salut, Claudia Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; ArgentinaFil: Signorelli, Janetti. Universidad de Antofagasta; ChileFil: Kong, Milene. Universidad de Antofagasta; ChileFil: Morales, Patricio. Universidad de Antofagasta; ChileFil: Perez Martinez, Silvina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; ArgentinaFil: Díaz, Emilce Silvina. Universidad de Antofagasta; Chil

Computation of GIT quotients of semisimple groups

We describe three algorithms to determine the stable, semistable, and torus-polystable loci of the GIT quotient of a projective variety by a reductive group. The algorithms are efficient when the group is semisimple. By using an implementation of our algorithms for simple groups, we provide several applications to the moduli theory of algebraic varieties, including the K-moduli of algebraic varieties, the moduli of algebraic curves and the Mukai models of the moduli space of curves for low genus. We also discuss a number of potential improvements and some natural open problems arising from this work.Comment: 32 pages, 3 figures. 1 tabl

Precondiciones económicas para el establecimiento de la Economía Social de Mercado en el Ecuador

La Economía Social de Mercado, reviste un carácter aún novedoso en el país, tanto en el campo de las ideas como en el de la práctica; porque siendo un sistema que se basa en la libertad económica y en el principio de justicia social en la economía, y que ha tenido la oportunidad y la capacidad de solucionar en Alemania y al parecer en la Comunidad Económica Europea, los problemas sociales con un amplio consenso de la población, es muy poco conocida como tal; perdiéndose de manera global, su identidad, en el contexto de la economía de mercado

Performance enhancement of surface codes via recursive MWPM decoding

The minimum weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoder is the standard decoding strategy for quantum surface codes. However, it suffers a harsh decrease in performance when subjected to biased or non-identical quantum noise. In this work, we modify the conventional MWPM decoder so that it considers the biases, the non-uniformities and the relationship between $X$, $Y$ and $Z$ errors of the constituent qubits of a given surface code. Our modified approach, which we refer to as the recursive MWPM decoder, obtains an $18\%$ improvement in the probability threshold $p_{th}$ under depolarizing noise. We also obtain significant performance improvements when considering biased noise and independent non-identically distributed (i.ni.d.) error models derived from measurements performed on state-of-the-art quantum processors. In fact, when subjected to i.ni.d. noise, the recursive MWPM decoder yields a performance improvement of $105.5\%$ over the conventional MWPM strategy and, in some cases, it even surpasses the performance obtained over the well-known depolarizing channel

Moduli of cubic surfaces and their anticanonical divisors

We consider the moduli space of log smooth pairs formed by a cubic surface and an anticanonical divisor. We describe all compactifications of this moduli space which are constructed using geometric invariant theory and the anticanonical polarization. The construction depends on a weight on the divisor. For smaller weights the stable pairs consist of mildly singular surfaces and very singular divisors. Conversely, a larger weight allows more singular surfaces, but it restricts the singularities on the divisor. The one-dimensional space of stability conditions decomposes in a wall-chamber structure. We describe all the walls and relate their value to the worst singularities appearing in the compactification locus. Furthermore, we give a complete characterization of stable and polystable pairs in terms of their singularities for each of the compactifications considered