130 research outputs found
Magnitude of bud blight disease of tomato caused by Peanut bud necrosis virus (PBNV) in Northern Eastern Karnataka
The present study on magnitude and spatial distribution of bud blight disease of tomato caused by Peanut bud necrosis virus in major tomato growing area of North Eastern Karnataka through GPS approach during 2014-15, revealed that disease was found to occur at all the stages of the crop with characteristic symptoms such as necrotic rings with green or yellow hallow spots on leaves, later tip necrosis and die back. Further, presence of longitudinal brown necrotic streaks on petioles, stem and characteristic brown ring and chlorotic ring spots on green and red ripened tomatoes respectively. GPS based survey indicated that the % disease incidence varied from location to location (spatial variation), with the mean incidence ranging from 14.52 to 62.13 per cent. Among the six districts, highest incidence of 62.13 per cent was recorded in Kalaburgi district followed by Raichur, Bidar, Yadgir and Koppal with 60.35, 57.96, 45.68 and 37.13 per cent incidence, respectively and the least disease incidence of 14.52 per cent was recorded in Ballari district. The GPS maps plotted based on PDI scale (0-4) represents high risk areas of the disease in North Eastern Karnataka and higher magnitude of disease was recorded in many of the location surveyed were the tomato fields surrounded by alternate hosts of PBNV. The study signifies PBNV diagnostic symptoms and its prevalence in North Eastern Karnatak
Global positioning system based spatial and temporal distribution of new leaf curl begomovirus disease on sunflower in Northern Karnataka
Leaf curl disease on sunflower caused by begomovirus genus of the family geminiviridae. Present investigations on field survey for disease incidence, field diagnostic symptoms and its spatial and temporal distribution in major sunflower growing parts of North Eastern Karnataka through GPS system during 2013-14, revealed that the disease was found to occur at all the stages of sunflower under field condition and exhibited symptoms such as vein thickening (enations) on abaxial surface of the leaves, upward curling and reduction in leaf size and severe discoluration of capitulum (Head) followed by bushy appearance. GPS based survey indicated that the % disease incidence varied from location to location (spatial variation) and also from season to season (temporal variation). The low incidence was noticed during Kharif condition which is ranged between 6.34-11.16, with the average incidence of 11.2%, 7.4% and 6.3% in Koppal, Raichur and Ballari districts repectively. Whereas during Rabi/summer season, high magnitude of disease noticed in many of the locations surveyed and is recorded upto 92.9 %. The GPS maps plotted based on PDI scale (0-3) represents high risk areas of the disease in Raichur and adjacent areas of Nort Eastern Karnataka and the result shows that the disease occurrence was more in rabi as compared to Kharif situations irrespective of locations. GPS survey map is an indicator to locate the nature of disease spread so as to conclude the hotspot areas
Statistical modeling of static leakage power and its variability in CMOS circuits
This paper focuses on the impact of process variations on the estimation of static leakage power and its variability. A statistical methodology for the estimation of static leakage power dissipation due to subthreshold leakage and gate tunneling leakage in 65 nm CMOS digital circuits, in the presence of process variations, is presented. A 2-input NAND gate is used as a representative library element, whose leakage power is extensively characterized, by rigorous mixed-mode simulations. Also, an analytical model for leakage power is proposed at the gate level in terms of the device resistance data, for computational simplicity. The proposed methodology is demonstrated by characterizing the variations in the leakage power of a 4-bit � 4-bit Wallace tree multiplier by an extensive Monte Carlo analysis. To extend this methodology to a generic technology library for process characterization, an optimal second order hybrid model is proposed by combining a piece-wise quadratic model obtained by Least Squares Method (LSM) and Response Surface Modeling (RSM) of leakage power of NAND gate directly in terms of process parameters, using Design of Experiment (DOE). We demonstrate that our hybrid models based statistical design approach can result in upto 95 improvement in accurate prediction of variability with an error of less than 0.7, with respect to worst case design. In terms of standard deviation, the predictability of leakage power distributions get tighter by atleast 13X, leading to considerable savings in the power budget of low power CMOS designs. This work aims to bridge the manufacturing to design gap, through the characterization of standard cell libraries for leakage power, in the presence of process variations
Spectral properties of XRBs in dusty early-type galaxies
We present spectral properties of a total of 996 discrete X-ray sources
resolved in a sample of 23 dusty early-type galaxies selected from different
environments. The combined X-ray luminosity function of all the 996 sources
within the optical \D of the sample galaxies is well described by a broken
power law with a break at 2.71\te \lum and is close to the Eddington
limit for a 1.4\Msun neutron star. Out of the 996, about 63\p of the sources
have their X-ray luminosities in the range between few\tim\ts to 2.0 \tim \tn
\lum and are like normal LMXBs; about 15-20\p with luminosities few \tim
10 \lum are either super-soft or very-soft sources; while the remainder
represents ULXs, HMXBs or unrelated heavily absorbed harder sources. More XRBs
have been detected in the galaxies from isolated regions while those from rich
groups and clusters host very few sources. The X-ray color-color plot for these
sources has enabled us to classify them as SNRs, LMXBs, HMXBs and heavily
absorbed AGNs. The composite X-ray spectra of the resolved sources within \D
region of each of the galaxies are best represented by a power law with the
average photon spectral index close to 1.65. The contribution of the resolved
sources to the total X-ray luminosity of their host is found to vary greatly,
in the sense that, in galaxies like NGC 3379 the XRB contribution is about 81\p
while for NGC 5846 it is only 2\p. A correlation has been evidenced between the
cumulative X-ray luminosity of the resolved sources against the star formation
rate and the Ks band luminosity of the target galaxies indicating their
primordial origin.Comment: 15 Pages, 6 Figures & 2 Tables, Accepted for publication in New
Astronom
Dust extinction and X-ray emission from the star burst galaxy NGC 1482
We present the results based on multiwavelength imaging observations of the
prominent dust lane starburst galaxy NGC 1482 aimed to investigate the
extinction properties of dust existing in the extreme environment. (B-V)
colour-index map derived for the starburst galaxy NGC 1482 confirms two
prominent dust lanes running along its optical major axis and are found to
extend up to \sim 11 kpc. In addition to the main lanes, several filamentary
structures of dust originating from the central starburst are also evident.
Though, the dust is surrounded by exotic environment, the average extinction
curve derived for this target galaxy is compatible with the Galactic curve,
with RV =3.05, and imply that the dust grains responsible for the optical
extinction in the target galaxy are not really different than the canonical
grains in the Milky Way. Our estimate of total dust content of NGC 1482
assuming screening effect of dust is \sim 2.7 \times 10^5 Msun, and provide
lower limit due to the fact that our method is not sensitive to the intermix
component of dust. Comparison of the observed dust in the galaxy with that
supplied by the SNe to the ISM, imply that this supply is not sufficient to
account for the observed dust and hence point towards the origin of dust in
this galaxy through a merger like event. Our multiband imaging analysis reveals
a qualitative physical correspondence between the morphologies of the dust and
H{\alpha} emission lines as well as diffuse X-ray emission in this galaxy.
continue.... for more detail please see in pdf file.Comment: 22 pages, 11 Figures. Accepted for publication in New Astronom
A comparative study on time efficiency management of self ligating brackets with conventional ligating brackets on orthodontic subjects in North Karnataka
Background: Self-Ligating brackets were originally designed with the intention to reduce the time needed to change wires compared with the use of wire ligatures. However, the advent of elastomeric ligatures meant that this perceived advantage was diminished. Objective: To compare aligning efficiency, rate of retraction and torque expression of Self Ligating bracket (SLB) system with Conventional Pre adjusted Edgewise bracket (CLB) system. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients were selected and divided into two groups treated with self ligating brackets (SLB, n=6) and conventional ligating brackets (CLB, n=6). The brackets used were 0.22 slot McLaughlin Bennet Trevesi (MBT) prescription. Aligning was evaluated with 0.14 Niti followed by 19X25 Heat Activated Ni Ti and then 19X25 stainless steel wires for retraction within 4 months. The rate of retraction was evaluated per month and torque loss after space closure was also estimated. Results: Alignment Efficiency shows significant changes with SLB compared to CLB and also save more than 30% of chair side time during wire adjustments while rate of en masse retraction in SLB shows statistically non significance as compared to CLB system. In case of upper incisor changes when compared between two groups showed less torque loss in SLB than CLB although which was statistically no significant but % difference show SLB have better improvement result than CLB
MACS J0553.4-3342: a young merging galaxy cluster caught through the eyes of Chandra and HST
FWN – Publicaties zonder aanstelling Universiteit Leide
CMB Imprints of a Pre-Inflationary Climbing Phase
We discuss the implications for cosmic microwave background (CMB)
observables, of a class of pre-inflationary dynamics suggested by string models
where SUSY is broken due to the presence of D-branes and orientifolds
preserving incompatible portions of it. In these models the would-be inflaton
is forced to emerge from the initial singularity climbing up a mild exponential
potential, until it bounces against a steep exponential potential of "brane
SUSY breaking" scenarios, and as a result the ensuing descent gives rise to an
inflationary epoch that begins when the system is still well off its eventual
attractor. If a pre-inflationary climbing phase of this type had occurred
within 6-7 e-folds of the horizon exit for the largest observable wavelengths,
displacement off the attractor and initial-state effects would conspire to
suppress power in the primordial scalar spectrum, enhancing it in the tensor
spectrum and typically superposing oscillations on both. We investigate these
imprints on CMB observables over a range of parameters, examine their
statistical significance, and provide a semi-analytic rationale for our
results. It is tempting to ascribe at least part of the large-angle anomalies
in the CMB to pre-inflationary dynamics of this type.Comment: 38 pages, LaTeX, 11 eps figures, references added, matches version to
appear in JCA
Implementation of a pharmacogenomics consult service to support the INGENIOUS trial
Hospital systems increasingly utilize pharmacogenomic testing to inform clinical prescribing. Successful implementation efforts have been modeled at many academic centers. In contrast, this report provides insights into the formation of a pharmacogenomics consultation service at a safety-net hospital, which predominantly serves low-income, uninsured, and vulnerable populations. The report describes the INdiana GENomics Implementation: an Opportunity for the UnderServed (INGENIOUS) trial and addresses concerns of adjudication, credentialing, and funding
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