La autenticidad del ser: del ejercicio terapéutico a la vivencia existencial

Estas páginas recogieron el proceso terapéutico de una mujer que se debatió entre la experiencia de responder a los mandatos que ella misma se imponía para adaptarse y/o sobresalir en sus diferentes contextos vitales, lo que aquí se nombró como su Deber Ser (lo que debería pensar, sentir, hacer, etc); y el permitirse sentir, notar, valorar y aceptar lo que fuera que estuviese presente (pensamientos de desprecio hacia alguien que “debería” amar, sentimientos de tristeza y/o rabia cuando “debería” mostrar control), es decir aquello que se nombró como Ser. Este debate o esta paradoja entre el Deber Ser y el Ser fue explorado desde un Marco Conceptual propio de la Psicología Humanista Existencial. La aproximación Humanista Existencial rescata y subraya experiencias humanas como la de la autenticidad del ser, el encuentro terapéutico y he dicho escenario mediado por la creatividad y las artes. Para este análisis se fue utilizado el método fenomenológico hermenéutico en tanto que permitió atender de manera rigurosa la experiencia de la consultante, la cual quedó en la medida de lo posible recogida con fidelidad a partir de las palabras textuales de la misma, así como de sus creaciones artísticas. La descripción de la experiencia de la consultante estuvo acompañada de elementos teóricos que consiguieron enfatizar o resaltar la misma vivencia, así como la importancia de la autenticidad del ser, la relación terapéutica auténtica, y el lugar de la creatividad y los medios artísticos dentro del proceso terapéutico mencionado

Morbidity and mortality associated with performing bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

Background: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are diagnostic methods in the study of hematological diseases. Complications are rare. Knowing the morbidity and mortality related to the procedure is essential in order to implement preventive behaviors and improvement plans. Objective: To determine the incidence of complications in patients over 18 years who were undergone to bone marrow biopsy and aspiration in a university hospital between October 2013 and May of 2015. Furthermore, frequency, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were established as well. Materials & methods: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study. The unit of analysis was biopsies and bone marrow aspirations. The information was obtained from the database of outpatient hematology ward, into the program Group of Education and Monitoring of Egress (GESE) of the Hematology Service of Hospital de San José (Bogotá, Colombia), and from medical records. Results: A total of 1252 bone marrow aspirates and biopsies were performed on 914 patients. Seventy-seven complications were reported, which corresponds to 6.15% of all documented procedures. The most frequent complication was: pain (100%), being more affected the women (66%), OR 1,91(IC 1,18-3,11) p=0,003. Regard to pathology diagnosis, 53.2% of biopsies were histologically normal hematopoiesis, followed by 16.8% for chronic myeloproliferative syndromes, which was the diagnosis most commonly associated with bleeding events (40%):OR 8,9 (IC 1,2-66,44) p=0,006, and death (1.3%). Conclusion: Pain was the most frequently reported complication, and among bleeding complications, chronic myeloproliferative disorders were the most common diagnosis. The largest number of complications in women may be related to the anatomical differences between the genders. It is recommended to improve post-procedure analgesia and prospective studies to establish association between complications and diagnosis

Evaluating emergency physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of FARC ex-combatants : a pilot study of Colombia’s emergency medicine teaching hospitals

Objectives: In the 2016 Peace Accord with the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), Colombia promised to reincorporate 14,000 ex-combatants into the healthcare system. However, FARC ex-combatants have faced significant challenges in receiving healthcare, and little is known about physicians' abilities to address this population's healthcare needs. Methods: An electronic questionnaire sent to the Colombian Emergency Medicine professional society and teaching hospitals assessed physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and experiences with the FARC ex-combatant reincorporation process. Results: Among 53 participants, most were male (60.4%), and ∼25% were affected by the FARC conflict (22.6%). Overall knowledge of FARC reincorporation was low, with nearly two-thirds of participants (61.6%) scoring in the lowest category. Attitudes around ex-combatants showed low bias. Few physicians received training about reincorporation (7.5%), but 83% indicated they would like such training. Twenty-two participants (41.5%) had identified a patient as an ex-combatant in the healthcare setting. Higher knowledge scores were significantly correlated with training about reincorporation (r = 0.354, n = 53, P = 0.015), and experience identifying patients as ex-combatants (r = 0.356, n = 47, P = 0.014). Conclusion: Findings suggested high interest in training and low knowledge of the reincorporation process. Most physicians had low bias, frequent experiences with ex-combatants, and cared for these patients when they self-identify. The emergency department (ED) serves as an entrance into healthcare for this population and a potential setting for interventions to improve care delivery, especially those related to mental healthcare. Future studies could evaluate effects of care delivery following training on ex-combatant healthcare reintegration.Revista Internacional - Indexad

Impacto del Mindfulness en Síntomas Psicosociales en Personas Expuestas a la Covid-19: Revisión Sistemática

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global mental health crisis. This systematic review investigates the impact of mindfulness therapy on reducing psychosocial symptoms in individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The search was conducted in October 2023 in four databases: Pubmed Mesh, Scopus, LILACS, and ScienceDirect. The methodological evaluation of the studies was performed using the EPHPP tool. The eight studies included in this review revealed the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in mitigating anxiety, depression, and other psychological symptoms associated with the symptomatic growth derived from the health crisis. Most studies originated in Asia and focused on university settings, although the results support the feasibility and efficacy of mindfulness therapy in diverse contexts, even when administered virtually. The tools that coincided for measuring mindfulness were the Mindful Awareness and Acceptance Scale (MAAS) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ); these measurement tools consistently supported the results.La pandemia de COVID-19 generó una crisis global de salud mental. Esta revisión sistemática investiga el impacto de la terapia de mindfulness en la reducción de síntomas psicosociales en individuos afectados por la pandemia de COVID-19. La búsqueda se hizo en octubre del 2023 en cuatro bases de datos, estas fueron Pubmed Mesh, Scopus, LILACS y ScienceDirect, la evaluación metodológica de los estudios se realizó con la herramienta EPHPP y bajo los lineamientos de la declaración PRISMA. Finalmente, los ocho estudios incluidos en esta revisión revelaron la efectividad de las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para mitigar la ansiedad, la depresión y otros síntomas psicológicos asociados con el crecimiento sintomatológico derivado de la crisis sanitaria. La mayoría de los estudios se originaron en Asia y se centraron en entornos universitarios. Las herramientas que coincidieron para medir el mindfulness fueron, la Escala de Conciencia y Aceptación de Mindfulness (MAAS) y el Inventario de Cinco Facetas de Mindfulness (FFMQ), estas herramientas de medición respaldaron los resultados de manera consistente

Influence of mate tea on the development of prostate cancer

El cáncer de próstata es la segunda causa de muerte por enfermedades neoplásicas en los hombres mayo-res de 50 años. En las últimas dos décadas, la tasa de incidencia ha aumentado en forma dramática constituyendo uno de los principales retos actuales para la salud pública. El consumo de mate ha sido asociado a numerosos beneficios para la salud como por ejemplo propiedades antioxidantes, vasodilatadoras, reducción del colesterol LDL, descenso de peso, efecto antiinflamatorio y antimutagénico. La ingesta regular de mate aumenta la resistencia del ADN a las roturas de la cadena inducidas por peróxido de hidrógeno y mejora la reparación del mismo, independientemente de la dosis ingerida. Este efecto protector puede ser atribuido a la actividad antioxidante de los compuestos bioactivos del mate, ácido clorogénico, rutina y quercetina. Estos compuestos bioactivos son absorbidos por el cuerpo y pueden actuar como antioxidantes o como eliminado-res de radicales libres. Los ácidos clorogénicos son los principales polifenoles en la yerba mate y parecen tener actividad antitumoral, ya que han revelado propiedades beneficiosas durante el uso de nutracéuticos en la terapia del cáncer. En la actualidad, no existen investigaciones que evidencien los efectos del consumo de yerba mate sobre el desarrollo de cáncer de próstata. Por ello, nuestro proyecto pretende responder a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Presenta la infusión de mate efectos sobre las funciones biológicas de la célula tumoral prostática? ¿Pueden dichos efectos modificar los procesos de proliferación y /o apoptosis celular, afectando así la latencia y progresión del tumor prostático? ¿Modifica el consumo de mate la concentración plasmática de hor-monas, modulando así la susceptibilidad al desarrollo canceroso? Este nuevo conocimiento proporcionará la base para identificar los factores que participan en los efectos protectores o de riesgo del mate y que puedan aportar información para el diseño de herramientas terapéuticas novedosas. Con esta investigación se busca caracterizar la influencia fisiopatológica y los mecanismos moleculares del consumo de mate sobre el desarrollo del cáncer de próstata. Para esto se estudian los efectos directos del mate sobre la proliferación, viabilidad, adhesión y migración de células epiteliales tumorales prostáticas humanas y murinas, a partir de estudios in vitro en líneas celulares tumorales humanas y de ratón; se busca determinar si el consumo de mate afecta la latencia, progresión y expresión de proteínas relacionadas con la proliferación y la apoptosis de los tumores prostáticos obtenidos a partir de la inoculación subcutánea de células TRAMP-C1 y establecer si existe correlación entre el consumo de mate y los niveles plasmáticos de T3 y T4, TSH, anticuerpo antiperoxidasa y antitiroglobulina E, testosterona y PSA en hombres, entre 45 y 75 años, elegidos al azar de una consulta urológica voluntaria. La hipótesis planteada es que el consumo de yerba mate disminuye la proliferación de células tumorales prostáticas. Esperando encontrar resultados positivos tanto en estudios in vitro como en animales de investigación y en pacientes humanos

Lacunas na transição suave da educação inicial para a educação formal na Colômbia

This article presents the results of research conducted in the Master's in Education program at University Foundation “Los Libertadores” Objective: Propose a route for training and teacher implementation of early childhood policies to guarantee harmonious transition in initial education in two departments of Colombia. Methodology: The research is situated within the qualitative paradigm, employing a phenomenological design. The study was carried out in seven phases, beginning with the confirmation of the research subject and concluding with the writing of the final report. Sampling: A convenience sampling method was used, involving representatives from both Child Development Centers (CDIs) and Educational Institutions (IEs) across the four municipalities selected for fieldwork. This included a total of four CDIs and fifteen IEs. Six focus groups were conducted—three for each type of institution—with a total of 47 participants, including teachers, educational agents, and administrative. Results: The study identified asymmetries between psychopedagogical knowledge and early childhood policy, along with the attitudes of academic staff and institutional conditions, which either facilitate or hinder the smooth transition from early education to formal education. Based on these findings, there is a need for a training pathway focused on the implementation of early childhood education policies to improve the seamless transition into formal education.Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación desarrollada en la maestría en educación de la Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores. Objetivo: Proponer una ruta de formación e implementación docente de las políticas de primera infancia para garantizar el tránsito armónico en la educación inicial en dos departamentos de Colombia. Metodología: La investigación se ubica en el paradigma cualitativo con un diseño de tipo fenomenológico, para el cual se establecieron siete momentos que inician con la confirmación del objeto de estudio hasta la redacción del informe final. Muestro: Se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia que permitió contar con representantes tanto de los Centros de Desarrollo Infantil (CDI) como de las Instituciones Educativas (IE), de los cuatro municipios definidos para el trabajo de campo, para un total de cuatro (4) CDI y quince (15) IE, con quienes se realizaron seis grupos focales en total; tres por cada tipo de institución. En ellos participaron un total de 47 representantes entre profesores, agentes educativos y directivos. Resultados: se identificaron asimetrías entre los conocimientos psicopedagógicos y sobre la política de primera infancia, unido a las actitudes del personal académico y las condiciones institucionales, que garantizan o dificultan el tránsito armónico de la educación inicial a la educación formal. A partir de allí, se plantea la necesidad de una ruta formativa en torno a la implementación de la política educativa en primera infancia, para el mejoramiento de los tránsitos armónicos y a la educación inicial.Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no Mestrado em Educação da Fundação Universitária “Los Libertadores” (República da Colômbia), cujo objetivo foi propor um roteiro para a formação de professores e a implementação de políticas de primeira infância para garantir uma transição harmoniosa à educação formal em dois estados da Colômbia. A pesquisa está contextualizada no paradigma qualitativo com um desenho fenomenológico, para o qual foram estabelecidos sete momentos que começam com a definição do objeto de estudo e prolongam-se até a redação do relatório final. Foi realizada uma amostragem por conveniência, o que possibilitou a participação de representantes de Centros de Desenvolvimento Infantil (CDI) e Instituições Educacionais (IE) nos quatro municípios definidos para o projeto, num total de quatro (4) CDI e quinze (15) IE, com os quais foram conformados seis grupos focais, três para cada tipo de instituição. Neles participaram um total de 47 representantes, incluindo professores, agentes educacionais e gerentes. Os resultados permitiram identificar as assimetrias entre o conhecimento psicopedagógico e o conhecimento da política da primeira infância, juntamente com as atitudes do pessoal acadêmico e as condições institucionais, que garantem ou impossibilitam a transição harmoniosa da educação infantil à educação formal. Com base nisso, foi elaborado um roteiro de treinamento que poderia ser implementado através das entidades territoriais que têm impacto na execução da política educativa de primeira infância, a fim de melhorar a transição harmoniosa da educação infantil à educação formal

Relationship between mate intake, health habits and body weight variation in the university student

Estudios realizados en otros países indican que duran-te el periodo universitario se produce un aumento del peso corporal de los estudiantes. Por otro lado, la yerba mate es una infusión muy consumida entre los jóvenes y cuyas propiedades en la salud humana han tomado relevancia en los últimos años. Son conocidos, entre otros, sus efectos hipolipemiantes y su colaboración con el descenso de peso y disminución de masa grasa

Prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en Odocoileus Virginianus y Tayassu Tajacu en cautiverio de la República de Panamá

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the gastrointestinal parasites of Tayassu tajacu ( Collared peccary) and Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed deer) in captivity in the Republic of Panama during the year 2008. The gastrointestinal parasites with major prevalence were Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba sp., Crystosporidium sp., Endolimax nana and Strongyloides sp.

Characteristics of emergency medicine residency programs in Colombia

Introduction: Emergency medicine (EM) is in different stages of development around the world. Colombia has made significant strides in EM development in the last two decades and recognized it as a medical specialty in 2005. The country now has seven EM residency programs: three in the capital city of Bogotá, two in Medellin, one in Manizales, and one in Cali. The seven residency programs are in different stages of maturity, with the oldest founded 20 years ago and two founded in the last two years. The objective of this study was to characterize these seven residency programs. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with faculty and residents from all the existing programs in 2013-2016. Topics included program characteristics and curricula. Results: Colombian EM residencies are three-year programs, with the exception of one four-year program. Programs accept 3-10 applicants yearly Only one program has free tuition and the rest charge tuition. The number of EM faculty ranges from 2-15. EM rotation requirements range from 11-33% of total clinical time. One program does not have a pediatric rotation. The other programs require 1-2 months of pediatrics or pediatric EM. Critical care requirements range from 4-7 months. Other common rotations include anesthesia, general surgery, internal medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, radiology, toxicology, psychiatry, neurology, cardiology, pulmonology, and trauma. All programs offer 4-6 hours of protected didactic time each week. Some programs require Advanced Cardiac Life Support, Pediatric Advanced Life Support and Advanced Trauma Life Support, with some programs providing these trainings in-house or subsidizing the cost. Most programs require one research project for graduation. Resident evaluations consist of written tests and oral exams several times per year. Point-of-care ultrasound training is provided in four of the seven programs. Conclusion: As emergency medicine continues to develop in Colombia, more residency programs are expected to emerge. Faculty development and sustainability of academic pursuits will be critically important. In the long term, the specialty will need to move toward certifying board exams and professional development through a national EM organization to promote standardization across programs. © 2017 Patiño et al