Disgust sensitivity relates to attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women across 31 nations

Previous work has reported a relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice toward various social groups, including gay men and lesbian women. It is currently unknown whether this association is present across cultures, or specific to North America. Analyses of survey data from adult heterosexuals ( N = 11,200) from 31 countries showed a small relation between pathogen disgust sensitivity (an individual-difference measure of pathogen-avoidance motivations) and measures of antigay attitudes. Analyses also showed that pathogen disgust sensitivity relates not only to antipathy toward gay men and lesbians, but also to negativity toward other groups, in particular those associated with violations of traditional sexual norms (e.g., prostitutes). These results suggest that the association between pathogen-avoidance motivations and antigay attitudes is relatively stable across cultures and is a manifestation of a more general relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice towards groups associated with sexual norm violations

Disgust sensitivity relates to attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women across 31 nations

Previous work has reported a relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice toward various social groups, including gay men and lesbian women. It is currently unknown whether this association is present across cultures, or specific to North America. Analyses of survey data from adult heterosexuals (N = 11,200) from 31 countries showed a small relation between pathogen disgust sensitivity (an individual-difference measure of pathogen-avoidance motivations) and measures of antigay attitudes. Analyses also showed that pathogen disgust sensitivity relates not only to antipathy toward gay men and lesbians, but also to negativity toward other groups, in particular those associated with violations of traditional sexual norms (e.g., prostitutes). These results suggest that the association between pathogen-avoidance motivations and antigay attitudes is relatively stable across cultures and is a manifestation of a more general relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice towards groups associated with sexual norm violations

Distance Learning and Diversity

Submitted as part of the Natural Resource Distance Learning Consortium (NRDLC)panel arranged by Kieran Lindsey. Distance learning is quickly becoming the educational opportunity of the future for those students who may not or would not be able to participate in a traditional college education. In addition, for universities to remain current, viable, and competitive, we must embrace at least some form of distance education. In a field where we are carefully watching consolidation of our colleges and departments and the bottom line of recruitment and retention, distance learning may provide us with a way to increase student numbers and diversity within those numbers. This presentation works with the other pieces of this distance learning session by addressing diversity, such as current trends of diversity, how we might tap into that information to improve the diversity of our student representation in the natural resource fields, increase our enrollment numbers, how distance learning feeds into this process, and issues that might arise by working with diverse audiences in a distance learning atmosphere

Protecting Fragile Skin: Nursing Interventions to Decrease Development of Pressure Ulcers in Pediatric Intensive Care

Background The reported incidence of pressure ulcers in critically ill infants and children is 18% to 27%. Patients at risk for pressure ulcers and nursing interventions to prevent the development of the ulcers have not been established. Objectives To determine the incidence of pressure ulcers in critically ill children, to compare the characteristics of patients in whom pressure ulcers do and do not develop, and to identify prevention strategies associated with less frequent development of pressure ulcers. Methods Characteristics of 5346 patients in pediatric intensive care units in whom pressure ulcers did and did not develop were compared. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine which prevention strategies were associated with less frequent development of pressure ulcers. Results The overall incidence of pressure ulcers was 10.2%. Patients at greatest risk were those who were more than 2 years old; who were in the intensive care unit 4 days or longer; or who required mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Strategies associated with less frequent development of pressure ulcers included use of specialty beds, egg crates, foam overlays, gel pads, dry-weave diapers, urinary catheters, disposable under-pads, body lotion, nutrition consultations, change in body position every 2 to 4 hours, blanket rolls, foam wedges, pillows, and draw sheets. Conclusions The overall incidence of pressure ulcers among critically ill infants and children is greater than 10%. Nursing interventions play an important role in the prevention of pressure ulcers

Community Cancer Screening:Reducing Health Disparities among Native Americans in Rural, Tribal Communities

Native Americans have higher cancer morbidity and mortality rates than non-Native Americans and cancer screening rates are lower. This qualitative case study used community-based participatory research principles to identify individual, family, community, and environmental factors that positively influenced screening rates in a rural, Native American community. Over a two-year period, 90 people participated in 11 focus groups to inform the evaluation of the Standing Rock Reservation Men’s and Women’s Health Days Program. Focus group interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and saved into NVivo for analysis. Categories and themes were developed using a modified grounded theory approach, leading to a comprehensive model that allowed coding of all comments. The evaluation confirmed that many components of the screening were valuable, such as the advantages of holistic, culturally appropriate approaches within a social setting. Individual experience with cancer and other chronic diseases, family experience with cancer and family support, and friends and exposure to toxins in the community influenced participation in cancer screening. Collaboration between organizations, intensive outreach and recruitment, multiple services provided in one location, consistency of staff, incentives, and the opportunity to socialize and share a meal increased participation. Barriers to screening, such as transportation, changing funding and criteria for screenings, reductions in other services, and unpleasant screening procedures, have required ongoing patience and problem solving on the part of the community team to ensure that high rate of screenings continue. These findings led to recommendations for program development in the target community and other similar communities nationally