The Labor Force Participation of Married Mothers in Spain and Britain.

We explore the determinants of the relative probabilities of labor force participation for British and Spanish married (or cohabiting) mothers. We further decompose these probabilities and find a substantial cross-national gap in participation rates which can be predominantly explained by higher wages and greater child care use in Britain.Mothers, Britain, Spain, participation.

Effect of cold stress at cellular and foliar level and regrowth capacity of three Cenchrus ciliaris L. cultivars: Americana, Biloela and Texas 4464

Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) a native pasture species of Africa is widely used in arid regions because of its forage productivity and quality. It could become serious invasive species, not only for crops but also in natural vegetation. Buffelgrass is highly affected by low temperatures at all stages of its life cycle. The objective was to determine the behavior of three buffelgrass cultivars (Americana, Biloela, Texas 4464) under cold stress and define the critical temperatures. To determine the effect of cold stress on the plasma membrane, foliage damage and survival (regrowth), it was evaluated relative electrical conductivity (ECr) of leaves, percentage of foliar damage and the ability of regrowth after exposure to 2 temperatures (-5ºC and -10ºC) with 2 exposure times (4 and 7 hours). The results showed a higher percentage of foliar damage and greater ECr as temperature decreased and hours of exposure increased. A similar response was observed when survival (regrowth) was evaluated. There were no significant differences among cultivars in both temperature treatments and time when the regrowth was evaluated.Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) a native pasture species of Africa is widely used in arid regions because of its forage productivity and quality. It could become serious invasive species, not only for crops but also in natural vegetation. Buffelgrass is highly affected by low temperatures at all stages of its life cycle. The objective was to determine the behavior of three buffelgrass cultivars (Americana, Biloela, Texas 4464) under cold stress and define the critical temperatures. To determine the effect of cold stress on the plasma membrane, foliage damage and survival (regrowth), it was evaluated relative electrical conductivity (ECr) of leaves, percentage of foliar damage and the ability of regrowth after exposure to 2 temperatures (-5ºC and -10ºC) with 2 exposure times (4 and 7 hours). The results showed a higher percentage of foliar damage and greater ECr as temperature decreased and hours of exposure increased. A similar response was observed when survival (regrowth) was evaluated. There were no significant differences among cultivars in both temperature treatments and time when the regrowth was evaluated. &nbsp

Efecto del estrés por frío a nivel celular, foliar y capacidad de rebrote en tres cultivares de Cenchrus ciliaris L. : Americana, Biloela and Texas 4464

Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) a native pasture species of Africa is widely used in arid regions because of its forage productivity and quality. It could become serious invasive species, not only for crops but also in natural vegetation. Buffelgrass is highly affected by low temperatures at all stages of its life cycle. The objective was to determine the behavior of three buffelgrass cultivars (Americana, Biloela, Texas 4464) under cold stress and define the critical temperatures. To determine the effect of cold stress on the plasma membrane, foliage damage and survival (regrowth), it was evaluated relative electrical conductivity (ECr) of leaves, percentage of foliar damage and the ability of regrowth after exposure to 2 temperatures (-5°C and -10°C) with 2 exposure times (4 and 7 hours). The results showed a higher percentage of foliar damage and greater ECr as temperature decreased and hours of exposure increased. A similar response was observed when survival (regrowth) was evaluated. There were no significant differences among cultivars in both temperature treatments and time when the regrowth was evaluated.El buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) es una especie forrajera nativa de África ampliamente utilizada en las regiones áridas debido a su productividad forrajera y calidad. En muchos casos puede convertirse en una especie invasora, no solo para los cultivos, sino también para la vegetación natural. El buffelgrass es afectado por las bajas temperaturas en todas las etapas del ciclo de vida. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento de tres variedades de buffelgrass (Americana, Biloela, Texas 4464) ante condiciones de frío y definir las temperaturas críticas. Para determinar el efecto de estrés por bajas temperaturas sobre la membrana plasmática, daños de follaje y la supervivencia (rebrote), se evaluó la conductividad relativa (ECr) de hojas, porcentaje de daño foliar y la capacidad de rebrote después de la exposición de las plantas y plántulas a 2 temperaturas (-5°C y -10°C) durante 2 períodos (4 y 7 horas). Los resultados mostraron un mayor porcentaje de daño foliar y mayor conductividad relativa. Medida que disminuía la temperatura y aumentaba las horas de exposición. Una respuesta similar se observó cuando se evaluó la supervivencia (rebrote). No hubo diferencias significativas entre cultivares en ambos tratamientos de temperatura y tiempo cuando se evaluó el rebrote.Fil: Parera, Victoria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Argentina)Fil: Ruiz, Mónica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Argentina)Fil: Parera, Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Argentina

Germination and Early Seedling Growth of High Andean Native Plants under Heavy Metal Stress

The development of large-scale mining activity along the Central Andes of Argentina (CAA) has generated significant amounts of waste materials containing heavy metals. Phytoremediation is a promising eco-friendly, low-cost, and effective technology for the removal of heavy metals. The present study aimed to identify two native dominant species from the CCA, Adesmia subterranea and A. pinifolia, as metal-tolerant plant species for the first time, by evaluating the germination and early seedling growth at different concentrations (ppm) of Cd (3, 4.5 and 6), Ni (150, 225 and 300), As (20, 30 and 40), and Hg (0.8, 1.2 and 1.6) Early seedling growth was found to be more sensitive to heavy metals than germination. Ni and As exhibited the greatest inhibitory effect on both species’ germination percentages. In contrast, with Cd and Hg, no inhibitory effect was recorded. Root length, metal tolerance index, and fresh and dry weight were stimulated with Hg. However, the phytotoxic effect was greater as the concentration of Ni, As, and Cd increased. As an overall conclusion, the order of toxicity for these species can be classified as Ni > As > Cd > Hg. Therefore, Adesmia species could be considered as candidates for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Hg and low concentrations of Cd.Fil: Parera, Victoria. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Parera, Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; Argentin

Efecto del estrés por frío a nivel celular, foliar y capacidad de rebrote en tres cultivares de Cenchrus ciliaris L.: Americana, Biloela y Texas 4464

Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) a native pasture species of Africa is widely used in arid regions because of its forage productivity and quality. It could become serious invasive species, not only for crops but also in natural vegetation. Buffelgrass is highly affected by low temperatures at all stages of its life cycle. The objective was to determine the behavior of three buffelgrass cultivars (Americana, Biloela, Texas 4464) under cold stress and define the critical temperatures. To determine the effect of cold stress on the plasma membrane, foliage damage and survival (regrowth), it was evaluated relative electrical conductivity (ECr) of leaves, percentage of foliar damage and the ability of regrowth after exposure to 2 temperatures (-5°C and -10°C) with 2 exposure times (4 and 7 hours). The results showed a higher percentage of foliar damage and greater ECr as temperature decreased and hours of exposure increased. A similar response was observed when survival (regrowth) was evaluated. There were no significant differences among cultivars in both temperature treatments and time when the regrowth was evaluated.El buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) es una especie forrajera nativa de África ampliamente utilizada en las regiones áridas debido a su productividad forrajera y calidad. En muchos casos puede convertirse en una especie invasora, no solo para los cultivos, sino también para la vegetación natural. El buffelgrass es afectado por las bajas temperaturas en todas las etapas del ciclo de vida. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento de tres variedades de buffelgrass (Americana, Biloela, Texas 4464) ante condiciones de frío y definir las temperaturas críticas. Para determinar el efecto de estrés por bajas temperaturas sobre la membrana plasmática, daños de follaje y la supervivencia (rebrote), se evaluó la conductividad relativa (ECr) de hojas, porcentaje de daño foliar y la capacidad de rebrote después de la exposición de las plantas y plántulas a 2 temperaturas (-5°C y -10°C) durante 2 períodos (4 y 7 horas). Los resultados mostraron un mayor porcentaje de daño foliar y mayor conductividad relativa. Medida que disminuía la temperatura y aumentaba las horas de exposición. Una respuesta similar se observó cuando se evaluó la supervivencia (rebrote). No hubo diferencias significativas entre cultivares en ambos tratamientos de temperatura y tiempo cuando se evaluó el rebrote.EEA San JuanFil: Parera, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Mónica Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan-Unidad Integrada-Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Parera, Carlos Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan-Unidad Integrada-Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentin

Tesis doctorals sobre diseño gráfico en Espanya

101 tesis doctorals sobre diseño gráfico en Espanya, reseña, 201

La importància del disseny orgànic i inorgànic

La importància del disseny orgànic i inorgànic, editorial, 201

Virtual Ilusions: creación de una empresa virtual, como crítica a nuestros problemas sociales.

Sin resume

La investigación científica en España

Es dóna notícia de la publicació de l'informe que analitza la investigació científica a Espanya des de diferents dimensions relacionades amb el professorat, el reconeixement, l'activitat científica, la innovació, la competitivitat i la capacitat formativa i, a partir d'una àmplia bateria d'indicadors, es realitza el seguiment de la R + d + I universitària espanyola des de 2007 fins al 2016.News is given of the publication of the report that analyzes scientific research in Spain from different dimensions related to teaching, recognition, scientific activity, innovation, competitiveness and training capacity and, based on a wide range of indicators, Spanish University R + D + i is monitored from 2007 to 2016.Se da noticia de la publicación del informe que analiza la investigación científica en España desde distintas dimensiones relacionadas con el profesorado, el reconocimiento, la actividad científica, la innovación, la competitividad y la capacidad formativa y, a partir de una amplia batería de indicadores, se realiza el seguimiento de la I+D+i universitaria española desde 2007 hasta 2016

The Garriga and Aguasvivas (or Aguasvivas and Garriga), Barcelona printers (1801-1857)

Este artículo se ocupa de dos cuestiones. Por un lado, de reconstruir el entorno familiar y las publicaciones de los consortes Francisco Garriga Roca y Maria Mercè Aguasvivas en los años enunciados cuando se unificaron en un solo taller y tienda gracias a su matrimonio. Por otro, se ocupa de analizar las obras que imprimieron, a veces en un entorno políticamente muy convulso, algunas de las cuales tienen una especial relevancia política. Cabe señalar que Francisco Garriga y su esposa durante la guerra napoleónica fueron constitucionalistas y después defensores del liberalismo moderado clerical.This article deals with two issues. On the one hand, it reconstructs the family environment and the publications of the espouses Francisco Garriga Roca and Maria Mercè Aguasvivas in the years enunciated, when they had unified their printing workshop and bookshop thanks to their marriage. On the other, it analyzes the works they printed sometimes in a very trouble political time. Some of these prints had a very special importance in its historical context. It must be stressed that during the Napoleonic War Francisco Garriga Roca and his wife were constitutionalist and later clerical moderate liberals that had an important role in the Barcelona political fights