El valor del tiempo en los procesos educativos de integración e inclusión social

L’estudi dels temps educatius i socials des d’una perspectiva d’inclusió social i d’atenció a la diversitat suposa nous reptes per a la Pedagogia- Educació Social, tant pels múltiples elements que conformen les pràctiques educatives com per la coexistència d’identitats diferenciades. Concretament, referint-nos a la població immigrant, les accions socioeducatives orientades cap a la convivència i la inclusió han de trobar en l’escola i en els serveis socials importants referents contextuals per al seu desenvolupament. L’educador o l’educadora social, mediador entre la institució escolar i altres entitats del territori, ha de contribuir a l’articulació harmònica de la diversitat de temps (familiars, laborals, d’oci,etc.) i d’aprenentatges.The study of educational and social time from the perspective of social inclusion and attention to diversity means new challenges for Pedagogy- Social Education, both for the many elements that forming educational practices as by the coexistence of different identities. Specifically, referring to the immigrant population, socio-educational actions oriented to the coexistence and inclusion have to find at school and social services important contextual reference for their development. The social educator, mediator between the educational institution and other territorial entities, should contribute to the harmonious articulation of time diversity (family, work, leisure,etc.) and learning.El estudio de los tiempos educativos y sociales desde una perspectiva de inclusión social y de atención a la diversidad supone nuevos retos para la Pedagogía-Educación Social, tanto por los múltiples elementos que conforman las prácticas educativas como por la coexistencia de identidades diferenciadas. Concretamente, refiriéndonos a la población inmigrante, las acciones socioeducativas orientadas hacia la convivencia y la inclusión han de encontrar en la escuela y en los servicios sociales importantes referentes contextuales para su desarrollo. El educador o la educadora social, mediador entre la institución escolar y otras entidades del territorio, debe contribuir a la articulación armónica de la diversidad de tiempos (familiares, laborales, de ocio, etc.) y de aprendizajes

Genetic divergence detected by ISSR markers and characterization of microsatellite regions in "Mytilus" mussels

[Abstract] The wide distribution of microsatellites in mussels of the Mytilus edulis complex (Mytilidae) enables the analysis of inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The aim of this investigation was to assess genetic differentiation in six sampling localities distributed along the European Atlantic coast to expose the potential of these markers in genetic studies requiring the detection of low polymorphism and as a source of sequences for developing microsatellite markers. We detected low genetic structuring within each member of the Mytilus edulis complex. Nei and Li distances and AMOVA clustered the individuals studied into two groups. On the basis of these results two sampling localities coming from the M. edulis × M. galloprovincialis mosaic hybrid zone in Western Europe were assigned to one species. On the other hand, mussels of a sampling locality in the Baltic Sea were not significantly different from a pure M. edulis locality supporting an extensive introgression of M. edulis in these individuals. Finally, 148 microsatellites were found in the sequences of 51 ISSR markers, and two polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed.Xunta de Galicia; PGIDT10PX110304P

Motivos C-terminais do HIV-1 gp41 como Possíveis Determinantes da Patogênese Viral

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a pandemic with high economic and social costs. The envelope glycoprotein (env) of the virus mediates the infectious process by binding to and entering the host cell, one of the main target components of studies since its discovery. Its endodomain or C-terminal tail (CTT) participates in late replicative cycle processes, such as intracellular trafficking, activation, and cell death, which occurs because it interacts with multiple cellular factors through motifs or signal sequences present throughout its structure. Although these interactions have not been fully understood at specific levels, studies over more than three decades leave no doubt that this domain plays a fundamental role in the biology of the virus and probably the development of the disease. This review describes the studies carried out to date that demonstrate the importance of the CTT, focusing on the motifs responsible for its interactions and its possible roles in the pathogenicity of the infection.El virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 (VIH-1) es el agente etiológico del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA), una pandemia con altos costos económicos y sociales. La glicoproteína de la envoltura (env) del virus media el proceso infeccioso al unirse a la célula huésped y entrar en ella, uno de los principales componentes objetivo de los estudios desde su descubrimiento. Su endodominio o cola C-terminal (CTT) participa en procesos tardíos del ciclo replicativo, como tráfico intracelular, activación y muerte celular, lo que ocurre porque interactúa con múltiples factores celulares a través de motivos o secuencias señal presentes en toda su estructura. Aunque estas interacciones no se han entendido completamente a niveles específicos, los estudios durante más de tres décadas no dejan dudas de que este campo juega un papel fundamental en la biología del virus y probablemente en el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Esta revisión describe los estudios realizados hasta la fecha que demuestran la importancia de la CTT, centrándose en los motivos responsables de sus interacciones y sus posibles roles en la patogenicidad de la infección.O vírus da imunodeficiência humana tipo 1 (HIV-1) é o agente etiológico da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AUXILIA), uma pandemia com elevados custos económicos e sociais. A glicoproteína do envelope (env) do vírus media o processo infeccioso ligando-se e entrando na célula hospedeira, um dos principais componentes alvo dos estudos desde sua descoberta. Seu endo domínio ou cauda C-terminal (CTT) participa de processos do ciclo replicativo tardio, como tráfego intracelular, ativação e morte celular, que ocorre porque interage com múltiplos fatores celulares por meio de motivos ou sequências-sinal presentes em toda a sua estrutura. Embora essas interações não tenham sido totalmente compreendidas em níveis específicos, estudos ao longo de mais de três décadas não deixam dúvidas de que esse domínio desempenha um papel fundamental na biologia do vírus e provavelmente no desenvolvimento da doença. Esta revisão descreve os estudos realiza- dos até o momento que demonstram a importância da CTT, com foco nos motivos responsáveis por suas interações e seus possíveis papéis na patogenicidade da infecção

Viabilidad económica del sistema de recirculación de drenajes en sustrato para el cultivo de rosa en la Sabana de Bogotá

Las exigencias del mercado internacional respecto a la conservación del medio ambiente han llevado al desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías que disminuyan el deterioro de los recursos naturales. Innovaciones europeas como la recirculación de drenajes en cultivos hortícolas, se están implementando experimentalmente en la sabana de Bogotá, buscando disminuir las cantidades de agua y fertilizantes aportadas a los cultivos de ornamentales. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la viabilidad económica del sistema recirculante en el cultivo de rosa evaluando cuatro tipos de sustrato más el testigo suelo, y tres porcentajes de recirculación (O, 50,100). Con este fin, plantas de la varo Charlotte injertadas sobre el patrón 'Natal Briar' fueron sembradas en materas de 8 litros a razón de 6,5 plantas/m2inv y establecidas en invernadero, en el Centro de Biotecnología Agropecuaria -Mosquera. Para la evaluación económica se consideraron los costos fijos y variables, los costos de inversión y operación del nuevo sistema, y los ingresos generados por ventas de cada uno de los 11 tratamientos evaluados; obtenidos de combinar mezclas de sustratos y porcentajes de recirculación. Se calcularon indicadores financieros, tiempo de recuperación de la inversión y ventaja económica del nuevo sistema. El tratamiento 35% Cascarilla de arroz quemada-65% Fibra de coco con 50% de recirculación (35CAQ-50%), con una TIR de 198% y RB/C de 2,08 es el más viable económicamente para la producción de rosa en la sabana de Bogotá. La inversión se recupera en dos años y genera dos veces los ingresos anuales por hectárea del sistema productivo tradicional.Abstract: The international market demands conceming to the conservation of the environment has led to the development of new technologies that reduce the deterioration of natural resources. European innovations as recirculation of drains in horticultural crops are being implemented experimentally in the Bogota plateau, seeking to reduce the amounts of water and fertilizer wasted in ornamental crops. The aim of this study was to determine the economic viability of recirculating system in rose cultivation evaluating four types of substrate over the control soil and three recirculation rates (O, 50.100). With that purpose, plants ofvar. Charlotte grafted on 'Natal Briar' were sown in pots of8liters at arate of6.5 plantas/m2inv and established in greenhouse, at the Agricultural Biotechnology Center -Mosquera. For the economic evaluation were considered fixed and variable costs, investment and operating costs of the new system, and the income generated by each of the 11 treatments evaluated, obtained by combining mixtures of substrates and recirculation rates. Financial indicators were calculated, investment recovery time and economic advantage of the new system. Treatment 35% burnt rice husks -65% coconut fiber with 50% recirculation (35CAQ-50%), with a TIR of 198% and RB / C of 2.08 is the most economically viable for the rose production at Bogota plateau. The investment is recovered n two years and the annual income (per hectare) is twice the traditional production system mcome.Pregrad

Presence of genes encoding enterotoxins in Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from food, food establishment surfaces and cases of foodborne diseases

The aim of this study was to describe the microbiological characteristics and profile of genes encoding enterotoxins in 95 Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained between April 2011 and December 2014 from foodstuffs, persons and surfaces of retail food stores. After microbiological identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed, targeting sea, seb, sec, sed and see genes that code for classical enterotoxins (ET) A-E, and three additional genes: seg, seh and sei, coding for so-called “new enterotoxins” G, H and I. The isolates were characterized by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), and five selected isolates were further analyzed through Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). It is noteworthy that 54.7% of the examined isolates harbored one or more of the investigated ET gene types. Most positive isolates carried more than one ET gene up to five types; seg was the most frequent ET gene, followed by sei. Five enterotoxin-coding isolates also coded for some antimicrobial resistance genes. Two of them, and four additional non-enterotoxic isolates carried erm genes expressing inducible clindamycin resistance. PFGE-types were numerous and diverse, even among enterotoxin-coding strains, because most isolates did not belong to known foodborne outbreaks and the sampling period was long. MLST profiles were also varied, and a new ST 3840 was described within this species. ST 88 and ST 72 enterotoxin-coding isolates have been identified in other regions in association with foodborne outbreaks. This manuscript reports the first systematic investigation of enterotoxin genes in S. aureus isolates obtained from foodstuffs and infected people in Urugua

Preliminary study of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory-11:validation for patients with head and neck cancer

Cancer involves numerous physical, psychological and emotional changes and has a negative impact on patients. Although there are a wide variety of questionnaires for general use in patients with cancer, very few are available that assess the pain, disability and craniomandibular functionality of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in a more specific manner. The purpose of this study is to present the preliminary behavior of the CF-PDI in its reduced version adapted for patients with HNC. A total of 61 patients with HNC were included in a study to preliminarily analyze the internal consistency of the instrument, the convergent validity and the floor and ceiling effects. All the patients completed the informed consent document and a battery of 5 questionnaires: The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Quality of Life Questionnaire in patients with HNC (QLQ-HN) and the reduced version of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory (CF-PDI-11). Patients also performed 2 physical tests: measurements of the pain threshold on the masseter muscle and on the distal phalanx of the first finger; and the maximum mouth opening in neutral head position. Cronbach's ? coefficient showed a very high internal consistency of 0.92. In terms of convergent validity, a statistically significant correlation was found between the CF-PDI-11 and the following variables: NRS, TSK-TMD, PCS, QLQ-HN, the threshold of pain in the distal phalanx of the first finger and the maximum interincisal opening. However, 21.3% of patients obtained the lowest possible score. The strongest correlation was found between the CF-PDI-11 and the QLQ-HN (r = 0.85, p <0.01). The preliminary version of the CF-PDI-11 shows that it could be a valid and reliable instrument to measure pain, disability and quality of life in patients with HNC

Tuning coherent-phonon heat transport in LaCoO3/SrTiO3 superlattices

Accessing the regime of coherent phonon propagation in nanostructures opens enormous possibilities to control the thermal conductivity in energy harvesting devices, phononic circuits, etc. In this paper we show that coherent phonons contribute substantially to the thermal conductivity of LaCoO3/SrTiO3 oxide superlattices, up to room temperature. We show that their contribution can be tuned through small variations of the superlattice periodicity, without changing the total superlattice thickness. Using this strategy, we tuned the thermal conductivity by 20% at room temperature. We also discuss the role of interface mixing and epitaxial relaxation as an extrinsic, material dependent key parameter for understanding the thermal conductivity of oxide superlattices. © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

Promiscuous Speciation with Gene Flow in Silverside Fish Genus Odontesthes (Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae) from South Western Atlantic Ocean Basins

The present paper integrates phylogenetic and population genetics analyses based on mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers in silversides, genus Odontesthes, from a non-sampled area in the SW Atlantic Ocean to address species discrimination and to define Managements Units for sustainable conservation. All phylogenetic analyses based on the COI mitochondrial gene were consistent to support the monophyly of the genus Odontesthes and to include O. argentinensis, O. perugiae-humensis and some O. bonariensis haplotypes in a basal polytomy conforming a major derivative clade. Microsatellites data revealed somewhat higher genetic variability values in the O. argentinensis-perugia populations than in O. bonariensis and O. perugia-humensis taxa. Contrasting population genetics structuring emerged from mitochondrial and microsatellites analyses in these taxa. Whereas mitochondrial data supported two major groups (O. argentinensis-perugia-humensis vs. O. bonariensis-perugiae-humensis populations), microsatellite data detected three major genetic entities represented by O. bonariensis, O. perugiae-humensis and an admixture of populations belonging to O. argentinensis-perugiae respectively. Therefore, the star COI polytomy in the tree topology involving these taxa could be interpreted by several hypothetic scenarios such as the existence of shared ancestral polymorphisms, incomplete lineage sorting in a radiating speciation process and/or reticulation events. Present findings support that promiscuous and recent contact between incipient species sharing asymmetric gene flow exchanges, blurs taxa boundaries yielding complicated taxonomy and Management Units delimitation in silverside genus Odontesthes from SW Atlantic Ocean basins.This research received financial support from the project Fondo María Viñas_2009_1_2793 (FMV_2009_1_2793_Project) granted by the Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Inovación (ANII) of UruguayS

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children treated in Uruguay

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus produces a variety of diseases among children, ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to invasive life-threatening diseases. Since 1990, an increasing number of diseases produced by community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) isolates have been reported. The aim of this study was to describe the importance and the microbiological characteristics of S. aureus isolates recovered from children treated at the Hospital Pediátrico del Centro Hospitalario ?Pereira Rossell? (HP-CHPR); focusing on invasive diseases caused by CA-MRSA isolates, as well as some clinical aspects of the diseases they have produced. Methodology: One hundred and twenty-five S. aureus isolates recovered from the HP-CHPR between 2003 and 2006 from children with invasive (n=89) and superficial diseases (n=36) were included. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of S. aureus isolates and relevant clinical aspects of each child were studied. Results: CA-MRSA isolates accounted for 73% of all S. aureus recovered from invasive (mainly bone and joint) infections, pneumonia and bacteraemia. The most common CA-MRSA strain recovered from invasive (n=65) and superficial (n=36) diseases had the following features: pulsotype A (type USA1100), SCCmec cassette type IV, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin genes positive, susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole without the inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (iMLSB) resistance phenotype. No association between genotypic characteristics of invasive CA-MRSA isolates and clinical outcomes was found. Conclusions: CA-MRSA isolates produced a wide spectrum of invasive diseases in a public paediatric hospital between 2003 and 2006. Microbiologic characterization suggests the spread of an adapted CA-MRSA clone lacking erm genesFil: Pardo, Lorena. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Vola, Magdalena. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Macedo Viñas, Marina. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Machado, Virginia. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Cuello, Dianna. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Mollerach, Marta Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Marta. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Pirez, Catalina. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Varela, Gustavo. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Algorta, Gabriela. Universidad de la Republica; Urugua

Salida académica internacional periplo Cono Sur

Visita Técnica InternacionalEl presente informe ejecutivo refiere la experiencia vivida en el Periplo Cono Sur, donde se realizaron diferentes acercamientos tanto a empresas, como a universidades y a la cultura genera de las ciudades de Montevideo, Buenos Aires y Mar de Plata.RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS INFORME MULTICULTURAL INFORME ACADÉMICO INFORME EMPRESARIAL CONCLUSIONES REFERENCIAS ANEXOSEspecializaciónEspecialista en Formulación y Evaluación Social y Económica de Proyecto