Direct synthesis of mesoporous silica containing cobalt: A new strategy using a cobalt soap as a co-template

A novel approach to incorporate transition metals into porous structures is presented, which makes use of a cobalt soap in combination with the templating agent C16TMABr. An ordered mesoporous silica MCM-41 type material doped with Co is obtained after removal of the organic part by calcination. The a unit cell parameter of the cobalt containing mesoporous matrices is larger than that of pure MCM-41 and increases with the amount of cobalt present in the sample as well as the diameter of the pores. This is not observed when e.g. cobalt acetate is employed instead of the metal soap. The procedure presented establishes a new route for the incorporation of a transition metal into MCM-41 together with a tuning of the porous structure

Monitoring by in situ neutron diffraction of simultaneous dehydration and Ni2+ mobility in partially exchanged NaY zeolites

International audiencePowder neutron diffraction is used to follow structural changes occurring during heat and vacuum assisted dehydration of 3 wt% nickel exchanged NaY. The structures determined from Rietveld refinement confirm the nickel ion displacement from the supercages and sodalite cages towards hexagonal prisms upon water removal. Not only this mobility but also its relationship with the dehydration level is demonstrated, owing to real time quantification of dehydration through changes in the intensity of the incoherent neutron scattering signal. Comparison with TGA data proves that this signal is fully attributable to water molecules adsorbed in the zeolite. STEM/EDX and in situ heating TEM studies provide complementary information on homogeneous Ni distribution (initial state) and on reductive sintering in vacuum at a high temperature

Synthesis and characterization of the all-silica pure polymorph C, and the enriched polymorph B intergrowth material of Beta zeolite

Cantin Sanz, A.; Corma Canós, A.; Díaz Cabañas, MJ.; Jorda Moret, JL.; Moliner Marin, M.; Rey Garcia, F. (2006). Synthesis and characterization of the all-silica pure polymorph C, and the enriched polymorph B intergrowth material of Beta zeolite. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 45(47):8013-8015. doi:10.1002/anie.200603027S80138015454

Immune risk phenotype is associated with nosocomial lung infections in elderly in-patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nosocomial infections are extremely common in the elderly and may be related to ageing of the immune system. The Immune Risk Phenotype (IRP), which predicts shorter survival in elderly patients, has not been evaluated as a possible risk factor for nosocomial infection. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of nosocomial infections in elderly in-patients and to investigate potential relationships between nosocomial infections and the immunophenotype, including IRP parameters.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We included 252 consecutive in-patients aged 70 years or over (mean age, 85 ± 6.2 years), between 2006 and 2008. Among them, 97 experienced nosocomial infections, yielding a prevalence rate of 38.5% (95% confidence interval, 32.5-44.5). The main infection sites were the respiratory tract (21%) and urinary tract (17.1%) When we compared immunological parameters including cell counts determined by flow cytometry in the groups with and without nosocomial infections, we found that the group with nosocomial infections had significantly lower values for the CD4/CD8 ratio and naive CD8 and CD4 T-cell counts and higher counts of memory CD8 T-cells with a significant increase in CD28-negative CD8-T cells. Neither cytomegalovirus status (positive in 193/246 patients) nor presence of the IRP was associated with nosocomial infections. However, nosocomial pneumonia was significantly more common among IRP-positive patients than IRP-negative patients (17/60 versus 28/180; <it>p </it>= 0.036).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Immunological parameters that are easy to determine in everyday practice and known to be associated with immune system ageing and shorter survival in the elderly are also associated with an elevated risk of nosocomial pneumonia in the relatively short term.</p

The determination of new stable zeolite frameworks using a parallel hybrid genetic algorithm

International audienc

Pressure-induced chemistry for the 2D to 3D transformation of zeolites

M.M., P.S.W., G.P.M.B., S.E.A., and R.E.M. thank the EPSRC (grants: EP/K025112/1, EP/L014475/1, and EP/ M506631/1) for funding. M.M., P.N., J.Č. and R.E.M. would like to acknowledge OP VVV "Excellent Research Teams", project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000417 - CUCAM. J.Č. and P.N. acknowledge the Czech Science Foundation (P106/12/G015) for the financial support of this research. J.P.A. acknowledges EPSRC support for the high pressure work.ADOR, an unconventional synthesis strategy based on a four-step mechanism: assembly, disassembly, organization, and reassembly, has opened new possibilities in zeolite chemistry. The ADOR approach led to the discovery of the IPC family of materials with tuneable porosity. Here we present the first pressure-induced ADOR transformation of 2D zeolite precursor IPC-1P into fully crystalline 3D zeolite IPC-2 (OKO topology) using a Walker-type multianvil apparatus under a pressure of 1 GPa at 200 °C. Surprisingly, the high-pressure material is of lower density (higher porosity) than the product obtained from simply calcining the IPC-1P precursor at high temperature, which produces IPC-4 (PCR topology). The sample was characterized by PXRD, 29Si MAS NMR, SEM, and HRTEM. Theoretical calculations suggest that high pressure can lead to the preparation of other ADOR zeolites that have not yet been prepared.PostprintPostprintPeer reviewe

Impact of comprehensive geriatric assessment on survival, function, and nutritional status in elderly patients with head and neck cancer: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (EGeSOR)

BACKGROUND: Survival is poorer in elderly patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas [HNSCCs] than in younger patients. Possible explanations include a contribution of co-morbidities to mortality, frequent refusal of standard therapy, and the use of suboptimal treatments due to concern about toxicities. The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment [CGA] is a multidimensional assessment of general health that can help to customise treatment and follow-up plans. The CGA has been proven effective in several health settings but has not been evaluated in randomised studies of patients with cancer. Our aim here was to assess the impact of the CGA on overall survival, function, and nutritional status of elderly patients with HNSCC. METHODS/DESIGN: EGeSOR is an open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, parallel-group trial in patients aged 70 years or older and receiving standard care for HNSCC. The intervention includes four components: the CGA conducted by a geriatrician before cancer treatment, participation of the same geriatrician in cancer treatment selection, a standardised geriatric therapeutic intervention designed by the same geriatrician; and geriatric follow-up for 24 months. The primary endpoint, assessed after 6 months, is a composite criterion including death, functional impairment [Activities of Daily Living score decrease ≥2], and weight loss ≥10%. Secondary endpoints include progression-free survival, unscheduled admissions, quality of life, treatment toxicities, costs, and completion of the planned cancer treatment. A centralised online system is used to perform 1:1 randomisation with a minimisation algorithm for centre, age, T and N stages, and tumour site [oral, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, or laryngeal]. The estimated sample size is 704 patients, who are being recruited by 14 centres in 9 French cities. DISCUSSION: EGeSOR is the first randomised trial of the CGA in elderly cancer patients. We expect the CGA to have direct clinical benefits on the management of elderly patients with HNSCC. If this expectation is fulfilled, the trial may lead to modifications of the management model for elderly patients with cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration: NCT0202506

中鎖脂肪酸と糖質の併用摂取は癌関連骨格筋萎縮から保護する

Skeletal muscle volume is associated with prognosis of cancer patients. Maintenance of skeletal muscle is an essential concern in cancer treatment. In nutritional intervention, it is important to focus on differences in metabolism between tumor and skeletal muscle. We examined the influence of oral intake of glucose (0%, 10%, 50%) and 2% medium-chain fatty acid (lauric acid, LAA, C12:0) on tumor growth and skeletal muscle atrophy in mouse peritoneal metastasis models using CT26 mouse colon cancer cells and HT29 human colon cancer cells. After 2 weeks of experimental breeding, skeletal muscle and tumor were removed and analyzed. Glucose intake contributed to prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in a sugar concentration-dependent way and also promoted tumor growth. LAA ingestion elevated the level of skeletal muscle protein and suppressed tumor growth by inducing tumor-selective oxidative stress production. When a combination of glucose and LAA was ingested, skeletal muscle mass increased and tumor growth was suppressed. Our results confirmed that although glucose is an important nutrient for the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy, it may also foster tumor growth. However, the ingestion of LAA inhibited tumor growth, and its combination with glucose promoted skeletal muscle integrity and function, without stimulating tumor growth. These findings suggest novel strategies for the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy.博士（医学）・甲第733号・令和2年3月16日© 2019 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes