Artificial intelligence application for classification and selection of fish gelatin packaging film produced with incorporation of palm oil and plant essential oils

Supplementary material related to this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2020.100611.The k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm was used to classify and select biodegradable packaging produced from fish gelatine incorporated with palm oil and clove and oregano essential oils. All reinforced films are highly resistant to attraction, with an emphasis on a sample of clove essential oil with a value of 53.18 MPa. Also, the addition of palm oil and essential oils increases the elasticity and thickness of the packages. The packages have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties with an inhibition zone for S. aureus of 11.73 and 11.23 mm for the film with essential oil of oregano and film with palm oil, respectively. KNN proved to be efficient for the classification and selection of packaging. The results highlighted the packaging with clove essential oil as the best for presenting the highest values of antioxidant activity, tensile strength, and elongation. Palm oil is an interesting alternative for applications in biodegradable films due to its antimicrobial activity, antioxidant properties, abundance, and low cost. Packaging made of fish gelatin with the addition of vegetable oils is a promising alternative for food applications.The authors thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the financial support.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Purpose vs performance : what does marine protected area success look like?

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an increasingly deployed spatial management tool. MPAs are primarily designed for biodiversity conservation, with their success commonly measured using a narrow suite of ecological indicators. However, for MPAs to achieve their biodiversity conservation goals they require community support, which is dependent on wider social, economic and political factors. Despite this, research into the human dimensions of MPAs continues to lag behind our understanding of ecological responses to MPA protection. Here, we explore stakeholders’ perceptions of what MPA success is. We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews and focus groups with a diverse group of stakeholders local to a South Australian MPA. What constitutes success varied by stakeholder group, and stakeholders’ stated understanding of the purpose of the MPA differed from how they would choose to measure the MPA’s success. Indeed, all interviewees stated that the primary purpose of the MPA was ecological, yet almost all (>90%) would measure the success of the MPA using social and economic measures, either exclusively or in conjunction with ecological ones. Many respondents also stated that social and economic factors were key to the MPA achieving ongoing/future success. Respondents generated a large range of novel socio-economic measures of MPA success, many of which could be incorporated into monitoring programs for relatively little additional cost. These findings also show that success is not straightforward and what constitutes success depends on who you ask. Even where an MPA’s primary ecological purpose is acknowledged by stakeholders, stakeholders are likely to only consider the MPA a success if its designation also demonstrates social and economic benefits to their communities. To achieve local stakeholder support MPAs and associated monitoring programs need to be designed for a variety of success criteria in mind, criteria which reflect the priorities and needs of the adjacent communities as well as national and international conservation objectives

ANALISIS SITOGENETIKA PADA PASIEN DENGAN AMENORE PRIMER DI CENTER FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH (CEBIOR) SEMARANG

Background : Primary amenorrhea is a symptom that may result from several quite different causes such as gonadal anomalies, endocrinological imbalance and specific of genetic disorders. Primary amenorrhea is one of indications for cytogenetic analysis, which have shown the importance of chromosomal abnormalities as a cause of amenorrhea. The aim of this study is to know the distribution of karyotype in patients with primary amenorrhea in Center For Biomedical Research (CEBIOR) Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University, Semarang. Subject and Method : This study was a descriptive retrospective and prospective study design. The subjects are patients with primary amenorrhea who examined in CEBIOR Semarang since January 2005 to April 2015. Results : Cytogenetic analysis were carried out to 71 patients with primary amenorrhea during January 2005 to April 2015 and identified 47(65,3%) subjects with 46, XX; 9 (12,7%) subjects with 46, XY and 16 (22,2%) subjects with numerical and structural sex chromosome aberration such as 45, X, 45, X/46, XX, 1Xq, 46, XX/ 45, X (2%) dan 46,XX (99%)/ 45, X (1%), 46,X, i(X)(q10)(85%)/45, X(15%), 45,X(76%)/46, X, i(X)(q10)(24%), 47, XY+21, 46, XX,del (9)(p23)->pter, 46, XX, t(1; X)(p34; q25), 46, XX, t(1; X)(p34; q25), and 46, XX/46, XY(10%). Conclusion : Cytogenetic analysis was done for 71 subjects and mostly subjects have 46, XX karyotype. Cytogenetic investigations are important to established the diagnoses and management for primary amenorrhea cases, although in some cases with cryptic chromosome aberrations should be investigated with molecular analysis. Keywords : Primary amenorrhea, Cytogenetic analysi

Biodegradable film based on barley sprout powder/pectin modified with quercetin and V2O5 nanoparticles: Investigation of physicochemical and structural properties

In this study, barley sprout powder/pectin (BS/Pec) composite film was prepared. Quercetin (Qu) and vanadium oxide (V2O5) nanoparticles were used to improve the physicochemical and structural characteristics of the film. The structural, physicochemical and thermal properties of the films were investigated by various techniques such as TGA, SEM, XRD, FTIR, texture analysis, etc. The thickness and tensile strength of the films increased from 120 μm to 2.4 MPa to 220 μm and 6 MPa respectively with the increase of V2O5 nanoparticles and quercetin pigment. Nanoparticles of V2O5 and quercetin decreased the moisture content of the film from 50% to 20%. Quercetin had little effect in reducing water vapor permeability (WVP), but V2O5 nanoparticles had a significant effect in reducing WVP. The pure BS/Pec film had almost 30% antioxidant properties, which increased to 81% with the increase of quercetin. Adding quercetin and V2O5 nanoparticles to the film increased the antimicrobial properties of the film against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The SEM images showed the inhomogeneous surface of the BS/Pec film caused by BS powder fibers. The interactions between the components of the films (electrostatic type) was confirmed by FTIR results. The degradation temperature of the overall structure of the film in the presence of nanoparticles indicated the positive effect of nanoparticles in increasing the thermal resistance of the film. Investigating the crystal structure of the film showed that the BS/Pec film has an amorphous/crystalline or semi-crystalline structure. Considering that the prepared film has good mechanical properties and as well as antioxidant/antimicrobial properties, this film as an active composite can be used in food products packaging

An economic analysis of revegetation for dryland salinity control on the Lower Eyre Peninsula in South Australia

Article first published online: 23 SEP 2002Dryland salinity is a major natural resource management problem imposing large economic and environmental costs in many countries throughout the world. The major cause of dryland salinity is the replacement of perennial native vegetation with annual crops and pastures. This results in greater amounts of water entering a groundwater system, watertable rise and the concentration of naturally occuring salts near the soil surface. Many consider that the best long-term solution is the re-establishment of high water use perennial vegetation through production systems such as agroforestry. This paper presents a benefit-cost analysis (BCA) of revegetation to control dryland salinity over a 20-year period in South Australia. The results of the BCA indicate that market costs are likely to exceed market benefits for broad-scale revegetation programmes. These results are driven by hydrogeological studies, which indicate that as much as 50 per cent of a 'problem-type' catchment needs to be revegetated to save only 3 per cent of land from being salt affected. The conclusion is that revegetation programmes need to be highly targeted to areas of a catchment with large potential to control salinity, land that has minimal value for other uses and regions with high infrastructure and ecological value. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.S. Hajkowicz and M. D. Youn