An approach for configuring space photovoltaic tandem arrays based on cell layer performance

Meeting solar array performance goals of 300 W/Kg requires use of solar cells with orbital efficiencies greater than 20 percent. Only multijunction cells and cell layers operating in tandem produce this required efficiency. An approach for defining solar array design concepts that use tandem cell layers involve the following: transforming cell layer performance at standard test conditions to on-orbit performance; optimizing circuit configuration with tandem cell layers; evaluating circuit sensitivity to cell current mismatch; developing array electrical design around selected circuit; and predicting array orbital performance including seasonal variations

The red lipstick movement: exploring #vermelhoembelem and feminist hashtag movements in the context of the rise of far-right populism in Portugal

During the 2021 Portuguese presidential election campaign, far-right candidate André Ventura insulted the feminine presentation of left-wing candidate Marisa Matias, linking her use of red lipstick to a perceived lack of professionalism and implied sexualization. The Portuguese public reacted to this insult by launching the feminist hashtag movement—#VermelhoEmBelem (translated as #RedInBelem), which quickly became one of the few national feminist hashtag movements to reach widespread visibility, receiving national and transnational support. This article offers a critical analysis of the #VermelhoEmBelem movement, grounded on a direct unstructured observation of the cross-platform hashtag—mainly across Twitter and Instagram—complemented by an analysis of news articles about the movement. By focusing on #VermelhoEmBelem, this article explores the relationship between feminist action, gendered discourses, and far-right populist politics. It foregrounds how gendered insults can generate a wave of feminist solidarity and anti-fascist sentiments, which was reified through online self-representations of people of various genders with their lips painted red. Yet, it highlights how hashtag movements can encompass significant tensions—mobilising both widespread support and sexist backlash, carrying the potential for symbolic and consciousness-raising impact, while having limited impact on the results of the Portuguese elections the movement derived from.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

"Hello my lovelies!": Conflicted feminisms and the neoliberalisation of portuguese activist influencer practices

Since 2019, Portuguese psychologist, sexologist, and self-identified feminist Tânia Graça has been gaining popularity on her Instagram account by advocating for women’s sexual empowerment, pleasure, and women’s rights more broadly. In the context of a still largely conservative Portuguese society, these issues have, until recently, failed to gain significant expression both in mainstream popular culture and in popular online feminist content. Grounded on a direct unstructured observation of @taniiagraca’s account, this chapter addresses the growing popularity of feminist discourses on Portuguese social media, critically exploring Tânia Graça’s Instagram presence as an example of activist influencer practices – marred by tensions between its essentially feminist aims and Instagram’s dominant logics of popularity, visibility, and commercial success. This chapter explores how playful and accessible iterations of online feminism, such as Tânia’s, can quickly rise to popularity, fitting particularly well into Instagrammable conventions and aesthetics. Its embodiment of feminist politics – focused on issues of bodily experiences and pleasurable sexual experimentation, and visually expressed through practices of self-representation – also brings forward tensions with Instagram’s platform politics, which often deplatform ‘objectionable’ content and can constrain sexual self-expression. In addition, this chapter foregrounds how popular feminist expressions can rely on gendered conventions of communication, privileging a personal and intimate tone to build a sense of perceived interconnectedness with followers. This aligns with notions of popular and spectacular feminism that tend to privilege ‘cute’ expressions of feminism and centre individual issues, in line with expressions of neoliberal feminism. In this way, this chapter explores the complexities and tensions that mark Instagram as a site for contemporary feminist practices and discourses.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Remoção de metais pesados em solos residuais

Uma das aplicações mais comuns da reutilização de águas residuais tratadas (ART) é a recarga de aquíferos, que é especialmente útil em zonas com deficit hídrico, como é o caso da região da Beira Interior. No entanto, estas ART apresentam cargas residuais que podem causar impactes ambientais significativos no solo ou água. Entre os poluentes mais preocupantes encontram-se os metais pesados (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb e Zn) que têm origem em atividades domésticas e industriais, bem como na lavagem dos pavimentos com águas pluviais. De acordo com Marecos do Monte e Albuquerque (2010), os solos utilizados para a recarga de aquíferos podem atuar como filtros reativos com capacidade para remover a carga residual das ART. No entanto, é difícil avaliar a eficiência e modo de remoção de poluentes in situ, sendo mais prático realizá-lo em colunas laboratoriais ou em ensaios em batch. A maior parte dos solos residuais da Beira Interior apresenta até 15% de argila (Silva, 2011), sendo esta a componente reativa do solo que pode ter uma boa capacidade de adsorção de metais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a capacidade de remoção de três metais pesados (Cr, Cu e Zn) na componente fina de solos residuais da Quinta de Gonçalo Martins (Marmeleiro, Guarda), utilizando ensaios batch

Race to the Paycheck: Merit Pay and Theories of Teacher Motivation

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Mechanisms Of Inhibition Of Cigarette Smoke Genotoxicity And Carcinogenicity

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that it is possible to prevent lung cancer and other smoke-related diseases by avoiding exposures to tobacco smoke. A complementary strategy is chemoprevention, which is based on the administration of dietary and pharmacological agents, which is addressed to (a) addicted active smokers, who are unable to quit smoking, (b) ex-smokers, who are still at risk for several years, and (c) involuntary smokers, including passively exposed individuals as well as transplacentally exposed individuals. The biological effects of cigarette smoke (CS) as a complex mixture, either mainstream (MCS) or sidestream (SCS) or environmental (ECS), have been poorly explored. We showed that MCS and ECS induce a broad variety of alterations of intermediate biomarkers in animal models, including adducts to nuclear DNA and mtDNA, oxidatively generated DNA damage, proliferation, apoptosis, alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, multigene expression, microRNA and proteome profiles as well as cytogenetic damage in the respiratory tract, bone marrow and peripheral blood. CS-altered end-points were variously modulated by chemopreventive agents of natural or pharmacological origin, such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), 1,2-dithiole-3-thione, oltipraz, 5,6-benzoflavone, phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), indole-3-carbinol, sulindac, and budesonide. Combinations of agents were also assayed. Since it is difficult to assess the efficacy of chemopreventives in clinical trials, it is essential to understand the mechanisms by which certain agents are expected to prevent smoke-related cancer. Preclinical studies are also useful to demonstrate the potential efficacy of chemopreventive agents. Unfortunately, until recently a suitable animal model for evaluating CS carcinogenicity and its chemoprevention was not available. We demonstrated that ECS and especially MCS become potently carcinogenic when exposure of mice starts at birth, as shown by very short latency times, high incidence and multiplicity of benign lung tumors, early occurrence of malignant lung tumors, and lesions in other organs. This mouse model was successfully used to demonstrate the ability of NAC, PEITC, and budesonide to prevent smoke-induced lung cancer, according to protocols mimicking the situation either in current smokers or in ex-smokers. Other dietary or pharmacological agents, including curcumin, anthocyanins, myo-inositol, SAHA, bexarotene and pioglitazone, are now under study. NAC was even successful to prevent lung cancer induced by MCS after birth when it was administered during the prenatal life. Therefore, it is now possible to investigate in vivo not only alterations of intermediate biomarkers but also the modulation of CS carcinogenesis by chemopreventive agents working with different mechanisms

Race to the Paycheck: Merit Pay and Theories of Teacher Motivation

Recent reforms in teacher evaluation tie these evaluations to student performance as measured by test scores and merit pay has been offered as a way to reward high test scores and improve teacher performance. Thus, the federal Race to the Top program has led several states toward teacher evaluation instruments that incorporate outcome data in the form of student achievement. In most states, this is the first step in the plan to institute a pay for performance program for teachers, also known as merit pay. This paper analyzes the concept of merit pay through the lens of equity theory. Equity theory provides a framework to organize a workplace that is equitable, consistent, and free of self-interest. Readers are challenged to consider the implications of merit pay in light of equity theory and resultant issues for educational policy and practice

The Use of Talking Chips Technique to Improve Students\u27 Speaking Ability

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada peningkatan kemampuan berbicara siswa setelah diajarkan dengan teknik Talking Chips. Pelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dilaksanakan pada kelas XI ISOS 3 berjumlah 32 siswa. Peneliti menggunakan tes berbicara dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada peningkatan kemampuan berbicara siswa setelah diajarkan dengan menggunakan teknik Talking Chips. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa dari pretest ke postes yaitu 60 ke 73.3. Selain itu aspek berbicara yang paling meningkat menggunakan teknik ini adalah pemahaman. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil setiap aspek berbicara dimana pemahaman meningkat paling besar yaitu dari 12.6 menjadi 15.8. Oleh karena itu, teknik Talking Chips baik digunakan untuk mengajarkan berbicara terlebih untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman siswa.This research was aimed at finding out whether there was a significant improvement in students\u27 speaking ability after being taught through Talking Chips Technique. This research used quantitative approach and was conducted to 32 students in class XI ISOS 3. The researcher administered speaking test to collect the data. The result showed that there was an improvement in students\u27 speaking ability after being taught through Talking Chips Technique. It could be seen from the increase of students\u27 mean score from pre-test to posttest, 60 to 73.3. Besides, the most improvement of each speaking aspect was comprehension. This could be seen from the result of each aspect which showed that the highest improvement was comprehension from 12.6 to 15.8. The T-test revealed those result were significant because p < 0.05, p = .000. Thus, Talking Chips Technique is one of the appropriate techniques to improve students\u27 speaking ability