2,610 research outputs found
A study of model deflection measurement techniques applicable within the national transonic facility
Moire contouring, scanning interferometry, and holographic contouring were examined to determine their practicality and potential to meet performance requirements for a model deflection sensor. The system envisioned is to be nonintrusive, and is to be capable of mapping or contouring the surface of a 1-meter by 1-meter model with a resolution of 50 to 100 points. The available literature was surveyed, and computations and analyses were performed to establish specific performance requirements, as well as the capabilities and limitations of such a sensor within the geometry of the NTF section test section. Of the three systems examined, holographic contouring offers the most promise. Unlike Moire, it is not hampered by limited contour spacing and extraneous fringes. Its transverse resolution can far exceed the limited point sampling resolution of scanning heterodyne interferometry. The availability of the ruby laser as a high power, pulsed, multiple wavelength source makes such a system feasible within the NTF
Melt-growth dynamics in CdTe crystals
We use a new, quantum-mechanics-based bond-order potential (BOP) to reveal
melt-growth dynamics and fine-scale defect formation mechanisms in CdTe
crystals. Previous molecular dynamics simulations of semiconductors have shown
qualitatively incorrect behavior due to the lack of an interatomic potential
capable of predicting both crystalline growth and property trends of many
transitional structures encountered during the melt crystal
transformation. Here we demonstrate successful molecular dynamics simulations
of melt-growth in CdTe using a BOP that significantly improves over other
potentials on property trends of different phases. Our simulations result in a
detailed understanding of defect formation during the melt-growth process.
Equally important, we show that the new BOP enables defect formation mechanisms
to be studied at a scale level comparable to empirical molecular dynamics
simulation methods with a fidelity level approaching quantum-mechanical method
Crater effects on full moon directionality of lunar thermal radiation
Local lunar crater density calculated from geometrical model of crater effects on full moon directionality of lunar thermal radiatio
Influence of UV radiation from a massive YSO on the chemistry of its envelope
We have studied the influence of far ultraviolet (UV) radiation from a
massive young stellar object (YSO) on the chemistry of its own envelope by
extending the models of Doty et al. (2002) to include a central source of UV
radiation. The models are applied to the massive star-forming region AFGL 2591
for different inner UV field strengths. Depth-dependent abundance profiles for
several molecules are presented and discussed. We predict enhanced column
densities for more than 30 species, especially radicals and ions. Comparison
between observations and models is improved with a moderate UV field incident
on the inner envelope, corresponding to an enhancement factor G0~10-100 at 200
AU from the star with an optical depth tau~15-17. Subtle differences are found
compared with traditional models of Photon Dominated Regions (PDRs) because of
the higher temperatures and higher gas-phase H2O abundance caused by
evaporation of ices in the inner region. In particular, the CN/HCN ratio is not
a sensitive tracer of the inner UV field, in contrast with the situation for
normal PDRs: for low UV fields, the extra CN reacts with H2 in the inner dense
and warm region and produces more HCN. It is found that the CH+ abundance is
strongly enhanced and grows steadily with increasing UV field. High-J lines of
molecules like CN and HCN are most sensitive to the inner dense region where UV
radiation plays a role. Thus, even though the total column density affected by
UV photons is small, comparison of high-J and low-J lines can selectively trace
and distinguish the inner UV field from the outer one. In addition, future
Herschel-HIFI observations of hydrides can sensitively probe the inner UV
field.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 13 pages, 10 figure
Force induced triple point for interacting polymers
We show the existence of a force induced triple point in an interacting
polymer problem that allows two zero-force thermal phase transitions. The phase
diagrams for three different models of mutually attracting but self avoiding
polymers are presented. One of these models has an intermediate phase and it
shows a triple point but not the others. A general phase diagram with
multicritical points in an extended parameter space is also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figures, revtex
Constructive Dimension and Turing Degrees
This paper examines the constructive Hausdorff and packing dimensions of
Turing degrees. The main result is that every infinite sequence S with
constructive Hausdorff dimension dim_H(S) and constructive packing dimension
dim_P(S) is Turing equivalent to a sequence R with dim_H(R) <= (dim_H(S) /
dim_P(S)) - epsilon, for arbitrary epsilon > 0. Furthermore, if dim_P(S) > 0,
then dim_P(R) >= 1 - epsilon. The reduction thus serves as a *randomness
extractor* that increases the algorithmic randomness of S, as measured by
constructive dimension.
A number of applications of this result shed new light on the constructive
dimensions of Turing degrees. A lower bound of dim_H(S) / dim_P(S) is shown to
hold for the Turing degree of any sequence S. A new proof is given of a
previously-known zero-one law for the constructive packing dimension of Turing
degrees. It is also shown that, for any regular sequence S (that is, dim_H(S) =
dim_P(S)) such that dim_H(S) > 0, the Turing degree of S has constructive
Hausdorff and packing dimension equal to 1.
Finally, it is shown that no single Turing reduction can be a universal
constructive Hausdorff dimension extractor, and that bounded Turing reductions
cannot extract constructive Hausdorff dimension. We also exhibit sequences on
which weak truth-table and bounded Turing reductions differ in their ability to
extract dimension.Comment: The version of this paper appearing in Theory of Computing Systems,
45(4):740-755, 2009, had an error in the proof of Theorem 2.4, due to
insufficient care with the choice of delta. This version modifies that proof
to fix the error
Development of the analog ASIC for multi-channel readout X-ray CCD camera
We report on the performance of an analog application-specific integrated
circuit (ASIC) developed aiming for the front-end electronics of the X-ray
CCDcamera system onboard the next X-ray astronomical satellite, ASTRO-H. It has
four identical channels that simultaneously process the CCD signals.
Distinctive capability of analog-to-digital conversion enables us to construct
a CCD camera body that outputs only digital signals. As the result of the
front-end electronics test, it works properly with low input noise of =<30 uV
at the pixel rate below 100 kHz. The power consumption is sufficiently low of
about 150 mW/chip. The input signal range of 720 mV covers the effective energy
range of the typical X-ray photon counting CCD (up to 20 keV). The integrated
non-linearity is 0.2% that is similar as those of the conventional CCDs in
orbit. We also performed a radiation tolerance test against the total ionizing
dose (TID) effect and the single event effect. The irradiation test using 60Co
and proton beam showed that the ASIC has the sufficient tolerance against TID
up to 200 krad, which absolutely exceeds the expected amount of dose during the
period of operating in a low-inclination low-earth orbit. The irradiation of Fe
ions with the fluence of 5.2x10^8 Ion/cm2 resulted in no single event latchup
(SEL), although there were some possible single event upsets. The threshold
against SEL is higher than 1.68 MeV cm^2/mg, which is sufficiently high enough
that the SEL event should not be one of major causes of instrument downtime in
orbit.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
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