Influencia de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y su control metabólico sobre la proporción de células de extirpe osteoblástica en sangre periférica, en niños y adultos jóvenes

En la introducción se hace una puesta al día de las complicaciones metabólicas y la afectación de los distintos aparatos y órganos que esta enfermedad conlleva, especialmente la macroangiopatía y microangiopatía, que dan lugar a complicaciones tan importantes como cardiopatía isquémica, enfermedad cerebrovascular, arteriopatía periférica, insuficiencia renal, retinopatía y neuropatía. Se constata que las alteraciones que se producen en el metabolismo óseo, aunque menos conocidas hasta el momento actual, también son importantes, existiendo un aumento de prevalencia e incidencia de fracturas osteoporóticas y de la microarquitectura ósea. Recientemente se ha descrito la existencia de células de extirpe osteoblástica en sangre periférica, pero no existe hasta el momento actual no existe publicación alguna donde se haya estudiado las células circulantes de extirpe osteoblásticas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Este estudio, sin embargo, resulta sumamente interesante, ya que los pacientes con DM1 tienen una masa ósea baja y un riesgo de fractura muy elevado, y las células circulantes de extirpe osteoblásticas pueden ayudar al mantenimiento de la masa ósea y especialmente a la regeneración del hueso cuando se ha producido una fractura. Por ello, en el presente trabajo nos hemos planteado llenar este vacío estudiando el número de células circulantes de extirpe osteoblástica en sangre periférica de pacientes con DM tipo 1comparándolo con sujetos sanos, intentando relacionar su posible defecto con otros parámetros de masa ósea y grado de descompensación de la enfermedad diabética. El trabajo se plantea con la siguiente hipótesis: Los pacientes con DM tipo 1 tienen una disminución de células circulantes periféricas de extirpe osteoblástica que debe tener relación con el grado de descompensación de la enfermedad. Hemos encontrado una disminución significativa de estas células, con una relación clara con la descompensación metabólica de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Se discuten los resultados en relación a los hallazgos existentes en la literatura referente a otros procesos patológicos, resaltando su importancia en la disminución de masa ósea, mayor riesgo de fractura y retardo en la formación del callo de fractura que sufren estos pacientes

Concurrent Akt, ERK1/2 and AMPK Activation by Obestatin Inhibits Apoptotic Signaling Cascades on Nutrient-Deprived PC12 Cells

This work was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III in co-financing with Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [ISCIII-FEDER; Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital (MINECO), Spain; PI17/01707 and PI18/00760], Axencia de Coñecemento en Saúde (ACIS), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS; Xunta de Galicia; PRIS Program), and Axencia Galega de Innovación (GAIN; Xunta de Galicia; IN607B2019/06)S

Cross Alkyl-Aryl Versus Homo Aryl-Aryl Coupling in Pdcatalyzed Coupling of Alkyl-Gold(I) and Aryl-X (X = Halide)

Producción CientíficaExperiments on palladium catalyzed cross-coupling of [AuMe(PPh3)] with aryl iodides show that Ar–Ar homocoupling products are the main product or an abundant byproduct of the reaction. The percentage of cross-coupling product is higher for aryls with larger p Hammet parameter. The scrambling of organic groups via bimetallic intermediates explains the formation of these products. This scrambling can be observed and the activation energies partially quantified in some cases using as aryl C6Cl2F3, which is relatively reluctant to coupling.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (CTQ2011–25137)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA256U13

How to build a brand-oriented family firm: The impact of socioemotional wealth (SEW) dimensions

Producción CientíficaLiterature has recently increased its attention on brand management in family firms. Blurring boundaries between family and business, divergent interests of family and non-family members, or a peculiar strategic decision-making framework in which the family’s socioemotional wealth (SEW) may be prioritized make brand management particularly complex. We contribute to the literature through a pioneering study of the benefits of brand orientation for family firm performance, and by examining how the different SEW dimensions drive the adoption of a brand-oriented culture in this kind of firm. Empirical findings from a representative sample of 120 Chilean family firms reveal the positive impact on brand orientation of binding social ties, renewal of family bonds, and identification with the family firm, and confirm that brand orientation enhances performance. Brand orientation thus emerges as a key, yet hitherto neglected, mediating factor to reconcile SEW preservation with economic performance, which entails relevant theoretical and managerial implications.Junta de Castilla y León - FEDER [VA219P20]Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad [PID2021-123004NB-I00

Robust detection of incipient faults in VSI-fed induction motors using quality control charts.

A considerable amount of papers have been published in recent years proposing supervised classifiers to diagnose the health of a machine. The usual procedure with these classifiers is to train them using data acquired through controlled experiments, expecting them to perform well on new data, classifying correctly the condition of a motor. But, obviously, the new motor to be diagnosed cannot be the same that has been used during the training process; it may be a motor with different characteristics and fed from a completely different source. These different conditions between the training process and the testing one can deeply influence the diagnosis. To avoid these drawbacks, in this paper a new method is proposed which is based on robust statistical techniques applied in Quality Control applications. The proposed method is based on the online diagnosis of the operating motor and can detect deviations from the normal operational conditions. A robust approach has been implemented using high-breakdown statistical techniques which can reliably detect anomalous data that often cause an unexpected overestimation of the data variability, reducing the ability of standard procedures to detect faulty conditions in earlier stages. A case study is presented to prove the validity of the proposed approach. Motors of different characteristics, fed from the power line and several different inverters, are tested. Three different fault conditions are provoked, broken bar, a faulty bearing and mixed eccentricity. Experimental results prove that the proposed approach can detect incipient faults

Constant-gain envelope tracking in a UHF outphasing transmitter based on continuous-mode class-E GaN HEMT PAs

A UHF outphasing transmitter, based on continuous-mode class-E power amplifiers (PAs) and implementing a constant-gain envelope tracking (ET) strategy, is presented in this paper. Drain terminating and biasing networks are designed to provide near optima impedance values at the fundamental and higher order harmonics to the selected GaN HEMT device. A high-efficiency wideband performance, 80% for a 630-890 MHz range, is obtained, besides being amenable for load-modulation through a compact outphasing scheme, incorporating a series Chireix combiner and an impedance transformer. Once characterized in a pure output power phasecoding regime, the observed limitation in dynamic range is overcome by operating the amplifiers in a sort of continuous class-J mode, while forcing the load impedance to follow a constant-gain trajectory. A 1c-WCDMA signal, with peak-toaverage power ratio (PAPR) of 8.4 dB is shown to be reproduced, satisfying the linearity requirements, with an average efficiency of 58%.This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through TEC2014-58341-C4-1- R, TEC2014-58341-C4-2-R and TEC2014-58341-C4-3-R projects, co-funded with FEDER. José R. Pérez-Cisneros also thanks the support to his stay at the Univ. of Cantabria provided by the pre-doctoral mobility grant EEBB-I-15-10447

Experimental and DFT Study of the [AuAr(AsPh3)]-Catalyzed cis/trans Isomerization of [PdAr2(AsPh3)2] (Ar = C6F5 or C6Cl2F3): Alternative Mechanisms and Its Switch upon Pt for Pd Substitution

Producción CientíficaThe aryl transmetalation processes between cis-[PdRf2(AsPh3)2] (Rf = C6Cl2F3) and [AuPf(AsPh3)] (Pf = C6F5) has been studied experimentally and by DFT calculations. Aryl exchange with or without isomerization of the Pd geometry occurs by ligand displacement of one AsPh3 ligand by an [AuAr(AsPh3)] molecule, which coordinates using the Au–Ar bond electron density, followed or not by a second switch to the next aryl (Ar) group. The transition states are bridged Ar–Au(AsPh3)–Ar′ structures with fairly planar geometries. Alternatively, a direct switch of the Au(AsPh3) fragment to either cis or trans Ar groups on Pd can be achieved from a square-pyramidal [(AsPh3)Au-PdAr3(AsPh3)] intermediate or transition state. The later pathway is less favorable for the case studied (M = Pd), but it is preferred for the same chemical system with M = Pt. The study provides some clues on exchanges that can be relevant in organic syntheses catalyzed by bimetallic systems.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (projects CTQ2016-80913-P and CTQ2017-89217-P)Junta de Castilla y León (projects VA051P17 and VA062G18)Xunta de Galicia (Consolidación GRC ED431C2017/61 from DXPCTSUG; ED-431G/02-FEDER “Unha maneira de facer Europa” to CINBIO, a Galician research center 2016−2019

Heterobimetallic Catalysis: Platinum‐Gold‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/C−X Coupling Reaction of (Hetero)Arylallenes with Nucleophiles

Heterobimetallic catalysis offers new opportunities for reactivity and selectivity but still presents challenges, and only a few metal combinations have been explored so far. Reported here is a Pt‐Au heterobimetallic catalyst system for the synthesis of a family of multi‐heteroaromatic structures through tandem cyclization/C−X coupling reaction. Au‐catalyzed 6‐endo‐cyclization takes place as the first fast step. Pt‐Au clusters are proposed to be responsible for the increased reactivity in the second step, that is, the intermolecular nucleophilic addition which occurs through an outer‐sphere mechanism by hybrid homogeneous‐heterogeneous catalysis