Effect of environmental variables on financial performance: the case of electrical industry

Nowadays, companies at the electrical industry have to meet numerous environmental requirements which involve a large increment in their costs. However, it is considered that these investments made by organizations may affect positively to their reputation and therefore to their profits. So the aim of this paper is to analyze the influence that some Environmental variables related to the emission and resource reductions have on the Financial Performance of the electrical firms through a data panel methodology. The sample was composed by 72 electrical companies over the world, during the period 2008-2010

Broken planar Skyrmions — statics and dynamics.

The broken planar Skyrme model is a theory that breaks global O (3) symmetry to the dihedral group D N . It has been shown that the single soliton solution is formed of N constituent parts, named partons, that are topologically confined. The multisoliton solutions have already been computed for N = 3 and were shown to be related to polyiamonds. We extend this for larger N and demonstrate that this polyform structure continues (planar figures formed by regular N -gons joined along their edges, of which polyiamonds are the N = 3 subset). Furthermore, we numerically simulate the dynamics of this model for the first time. It will be demonstrated that the time dependent behaviour of these solutions can be broken down into the interactions of its constituent partons, with certain collisions exhibiting parton exchange. The results are then compared with those of the standard planar Skyrme model

The Invariant Two-Parameter Function of Algebras ψ

At present, the research on invariant functions for algebras is very extended since Hrivnák and Novotný defined in 2007 the invariant functions y and j as a tool to study the Inönü–Wigner contractions (IW-contractions), previously introduced by those authors in 1953. In this paper, we introduce a new invariant two-parameter function of algebras, which we call ¯y, as a tool which makes easier the computations and allows researchers to deal with contractions of algebras. Our study of this new function is mainly focused in Malcev algebras of the type Lie, although it can also be used with any other types of algebras. The main goal of the paper is to prove, by means of this function, that the five-dimensional classical-mechanical model built upon certain types of five-dimensional Lie algebras cannot be obtained as a limit process of a quantum-mechanical model based on a fifth Heisenberg algebra. As an example of other applications of the new function obtained, its computation in the case of the Lie algebra induced by the Lorentz group SO(3, 1) is shown and some open physical problems related to contractions are also formulated.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MTM2013-40455-PMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación FQM-326 (J.N.-V.)Junta de Andalucía FQM-160 (P.P.-F.

Análisis empírico de la responsabilidad social universitaria en Andalucía

A raíz de la proliferación en el ámbito universitario de iniciativas centradas en el desarrollo sostenible, en Andalucía se promovió en 2007 un modelo de responsabilidad social en las universidades públicas. Una vez publicadas las memorias de sostenibilidad en la mayoría de las universidades andaluzas, hemos evaluado el estado actual de la responsabilidad social en el Sistema Público Andaluz de Universidades, en una lógica de mejora continua. Para ello, hemos analizado pormenorizadamente los contenidos informativos de la última memoria publicada por cada una de las universidades, tomando como referencia a efectos comparativos, el guion recomendado por el Foro. Tras el análisis de los resultados, podemos afirmar que en la actualidad resulta innegable la consolidación de estas prácticas en el ámbito universitario público andaluz, ya que de forma creciente las universidades han ido promoviendo y llevando a cabo prácticas de responsabilidad social que mejoran su compromiso con el desarrollo sostenibl

Are Socially Responsible Behaviors Paid Off Equally? A Cross‐cultural Analysis

Based on the strong influence that national culture has on corporate social and responsibility (CSR) actions (institutional theory), it is necessary to study how the financial outcomes of CSR actions could be affected by these cultural characteristics. This fact is particularly interesting for managers whose companies operate in different cultures given that they have to deal with this aspect. The aim of this paper is to analyze the moderator role that national culture could have on the CSR and firm performance (CSR‐FP) relationship through a meta‐analysis, hence helping to clarify the debate existing about this relationship in the literature. The results show that this relationship is greatly affected by national culture. In this sense, countries with a high assertiveness and gender egalitarianism show a very negative relationship. Nevertheless, those with a higher future orientation, institutional collectivism, and a humane orientation reveal a positive correlation which reaches its maximum value in those countries with a high uncertainty avoidance

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: A Cross-Cultural Analysis

Based on the geographic limitations of previous meta-analysis made about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Financial Performance (FP) and on the evidence found in previous work on the country's influence in this relationship, the aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between these two variables studying the possible moderating effect that the country variable may have on it. By the use of the cultural dimensions of GLOBE (2004), we classify the countries, and test the hypothesis through the statistical technique of meta-analysis. The results show that the country where the companies are home-based moderates the relationship between CSR and FP. In particular from the results, we can conclude that while in Australia, Canada, USA and the United Kingdom the relationship is stronger and larger, in some countries, such as Japan, there is no relationship

The impact of the economic crisis on the environmental responsibility of the companies

The severe economic crisis is affecting significantly to the environment in which companies have to continue with their business. Consequently, academicians and managers are worried about what is going to happen with the Social Responsibility and particularly with the Environmental Responsibility, due to the decrease in the financial performance of the companies. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of the crisis on the environmental behavior of the Spanish companies through an explicative study, deepening in the comparison between the years 2006 and 2010. As a result, Spanish companies continue carrying out behaving in an environmentally friendly way because their Environmental Scores are growing, despite the decline of the Financial Performance. Moreover, it is identified a change in the factors that affect to the environmental behavior due to the identification of less dependence on corporate financial performance

On the reduction of 4-oxo-4h-benzopyran-3-carbaldehydes : global and local electrophilicity patterns

The theoretical global and local electrophilicity patterns of substituted and chelated 4-oxo-4H-benzopyran-3-carbaldehydes (formylchromones) have been evaluated using the electrophilicity index proposed by Parr et al [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 1922]. The complexation of formylchromones with aluminum predicts a strong electrophilic character of these compounds against nucleophiles. Local response at the active sites may also be assessed in terms of a global contribution described by the global electrophilicity, and a local contribution described by the variations in electrophilic Fukui function at those sites. The highest local electrophilicity is found at the formyl group of the chelated formylchromones, in spite of that, the highest positive charge is located on the pyrone carbonyl group. This result is consistent with the experimental observed reactivity displayed by 4-oxo-4H-benzopyran-3-carbaldehydes in the presence of 2-propanol and alumina