Is general anesthesia a risk for myocardium? Effect of anesthesia on myocardial function as assessed by cardiac troponin-i in two different groups (isofluran+N2O inhalation and propofol+fentanyl iv anesthesia)

Demet Dogan Erol1, Ibrahim Ozen21Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey; 2Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, TurkeyBackground and objectives: Peroperative myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality. What is the role of general anesthesia in this process? Is general anesthesia a risk for myocardial infarction? The present study was designed to determine whether the measurement of serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a highly sensitive and specific marker for cardiac injury, would help establish the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in two different types of anesthesia.Method: Elective abdominal hysterectomy was planned with the permission of the ethic committee in 40 patients who were 20–45 years range, in ASA-I group, and have a Goldman Cardiac Risk Index-0. The patients were divided into two groups. Isoflurane + N2O was administrated to first group, and Propofol + Fentanyl to second group. cTnI levels were determined before anesthesia, after induction before surgery and 9 hours after the second period respectively.Results: There was no significant difference between the groups by the means of demographic properties, hemodynamic parameters and cTnI levels, and the cTnI levels were determined under the basal levels in all samples.Conclusion: General anesthesia is not a risk for myocardial infarction to state eliminating risk factors and protection hemodynamia cardiac.Keywords: cardiac troponin-I, myocardial infarction, isofluran + N2O inhalation anesthesia, propofol + fentanyl intravenous anesthesia

The Hittite Stone and Sculpture Quarry at Karakiz Kasabasi and Hapis Bokazi in the District of Sorgun, Yozgat, Central Anatolia

An extensive stone quarry dating to the Hittite Empire period in the Late Bronze Age is located at Karakiz Kasabasi in the province ofYozgat, north-central Anatolia. In addition to numerous traces of stone quarrying, several exceptional unfinished pieces were found at the site, including two bases each sculpted from a single block and comprising a pedestal supported by a pair of lions a large drum, and a large basin. These unique pieces are described and illustrated, followed by a discussion of their probable date and cultural context. The only associated finds are fragments of stone hammers. No second-millennium settlement has been located in the region, and there is no good clue as to the intended destination of the quarried building stone and sculpted pieces.

Tuz gölü :new absolute radiometric calibration test site

Calibration, absolute radiometric calibration in specific, is an important process for continuity and reliability of optical satellite data, since it puts the data on a standard scale and makes it compatible and comparable with the data acquired from different sensors. Therefore, the importance of performing a calibration campaign increased significantly. Being aware of this significance, TUBITAK UZAY (Space Technologies Research Institute, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey), by taking advantage of having such a suitable site in the country, decided to establish a new absolute radiometric calibration test site on Tuz Gölü (Salt Lake) for the calibration and validation requirements of cal/val community in general and of the country, specifically. In order to evaluate the usability of the site and determine the most usable area, we first compiled a list of properties that a calibration/validation test site should have. We have seen that Tuz Gölü fulfils most of those requirements. Later, we performed homogeneity analysis using Getis Statistics on MODIS satellite images of July and August 2004-2007. As a result of analysis, we obtained approximate usable area to be 324.026 km2. We also observed that, the longer duration the region is covered with water, the more homogeneous it is. The site will be visited annually and further analysis and field studies will be conducted. The test site is considered to be useful to scientists all over the world

Cloud Computing and Some Scenarios for its Application in Universities

Cloud computing is a new technology and a new trend. In recent years most of organisations start to choose their cloud models. The educational institutions, especially universities, cannot ignore the huge amount of benefits that cloud computing may bring them. In this paper, we are explaining in details the concept of cloud computing, its models and usage areas, its working principle, its advantages and disadvantages. We specifically focus on its importance for universities by giving examples for its implementation in e-Learning

Effects of endocrine disruptors on the electrical activity of leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus and anxiety-like behavior in male mice

There is increasing concern about the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health. Recently, some EDCs are suggested to affect energy metabolism leading to increased risk of obesity. Obesogenic effects of some EDCs on adipogenesis have been reported, however, there is no study examining their potential actions on the brain circuits controlling feeding and metabolism. We have investigated effects of tributyltin (TBT) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p'-DDT) on electrical activity on dorsomedial hypothalamic leptin receptor neurons (DMHLepR), morphological adaptations in neuronal anatomy of DMHLepR, locomotion, and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Twenty-three Lep-Cre transgenic mice were intracranially injected with GFP virus. Control animals received intraperitoneal corn oil alone while group 2 and 3 received TBT (25 μg/kg) and p,p'-DDT (2 mg/kg) for one month. Locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior of the animals were determined by open field test. Electrophysiological effects of TBT and p,p'-DDT on DMHLepR neurons were determined by patch clamp method. Neuronal anatomy was determined by confocal microscopy. Spontaneous firing frequency of DMHLepR neurons of TBT group of mice was significantly higher than both p,p'-DDT and control groups (p < 0.01). TBT and p,p'-DDT significantly decreased frequency of the spontaneous inhibitory post-synaptic currents to DMHLepR neurons compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The time spent in the center and the number of entrances to the center by the TBT-administered mice were significantly lower than other groups (p < 0.01). The total distance traveled and mean speed of the control group of mice were significantly higher than the p,p'-DDT- and TBT-administered animals (p < 0.0001). c-Fos activity of the p,p'-DDT- and TBT-administered animals were significantly elevated compared to the control group (p < 0.001), while no change in the number of dendritic spines were observed. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that exposure to TBT and p,p'-DDT alters electrical activity in DMHLepR neurons and behavioral state in mice

Aspects of Students about Information Technology Courses in Social Science

Information Technology ( IT) is used in almost every area of higher education. However, it can be clearly seen that number of courses intended to teach the use of IT in social science is quite low in Turkey. There is a gap between generations who design curriculum and who take classes at universities. If we consider digital natives will attend universities soon, it is very important to redesign the curriculums including topics about IT. Besides the number of IT courses in science curriculum is more than the number of IT courses in social science curriculum

The relationship of birth weight, gestational age, and postmenstrual age with ocular biometry parameters in premature infants

Purpose: To analyze ocular biometry parameters and evaluate their relationship with gestational age, birth weight, and postmenstrual age in prematurely born infants. Methods: The right eyes of 361 premature infants born before the 36th gestational week were evaluated. Birth weight, gestational week, and gender were recorded. An A-scan Biometer was used for obtaining axial measurements, including anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous length, and total axial length. Results: Gestational age and birth weight values ranged from 23 to 36 weeks and from 560 to 2,670 g, respectively. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 30.8 +/- 2.8 weeks and 1,497.9 +/- 483.6 g, respectively. During the first examination (4-5 weeks of postnatal age), birth weight and gestational age of the infants correlated significantly and positively with lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length (r>0.5, p<0.001), but not with anterior chamber depth (r<0.5). Increased vitreous and axial lengths correlated significantly with increasing postmenstrual age of the infants (r=0.669, p<0.001; r=0.845, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length, but not anterior chamber depth, were significantly correlated with birth weight and gestational age. All four parameters increased with increasing postmenstrual age, with higher correlations for vitreous and axial lengths than for anterior chamber depth and lens thickness. It was concluded that axial elongation resulted primarily from increasing posterior chamber length.WoSScopu

Analysis of the Horizontal Corneal Diameter, Central Corneal Thickness, and Axial Length in Premature Infants

Purpose: To determine the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length in premature infants. Methods: Infants with a birth weight of less than 2,500 g or with a gestation period of less than 36 weeks were included in the study. Infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were allocated to Group 1 (n= 138), while those without ROP were allocated to Group 2 (n= 236). All infants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including corneal diameter measurements, pachymetry, biometry, and fundoscopy. Between-group comparisons of horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial lengths were performed. Independent sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Data was obtained from 374 eyes of 187 infants (102 female, 85 male). The mean gestational age at birth was 30.7 +/- 2.7 weeks (range 25-36 weeks), the mean birth weight was 1,514 +/- 533.3 g (range 750-1,970 g), and the mean postmenstrual age at examination was 40.0 +/- 4.8 weeks. The mean gestational age and the mean birth weight of Group 1 were statistically lower than Group 2 (p 0.05). Conclusions: The presence of ROP in premature infants does not alter the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, or axial length.WoSScopu

A reuse study from Nigde, Turkey: the conversion of industrial ash to geopolymer

2nd International Conference on Recycling and Reuse -- JUN 04-06, 2014 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000367837600027Coal is used to generate power for industrial operations. Two types of industrial ashes, including fly and bottom ash, which are solid residues arising from coal burning, are dumped to the landfill of Nide from a selected large-scale international firm named as Goknur A.S in Nide, Turkey with no care for reuse. Geopolymer production was chosen from different alternatives of productive reuse of these waste materials. The properties of the geopolymers are dependent on source materials. Therefore, the first part included elemental analysis of ashes, sieve analysis of them, compacted bulk density analysis of them, and reaction affinity of them. The chemical composition of industrial ash used in this study contained Si and Al accompanied by Ca and Fe. This character has important implications on the potential for productive reuse and reaction potential of these waste materials. The second part of the research is planned to include ashes analysis for calculation of efficiency of combustible matter, experiment of obtaining samples from ashes in different thermal processes, activation of ashes with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, activation of ashes with Portland cements, pressure and resistance evaluations for geopolymer samples, water absorption experiment to them, and porosity experiment for them. Considering pressure and resistance, water absorption and porosity experiments, by only a few studies in the literature, higher-strengthened geopolymer is produced at temperatures of 100 and 150 degrees C.Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) [2241/A]This study was supported by the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK), project grant no. 2241/A. Authors acknowledge editors and referees for comments, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Baki Ozturk and Veysel Yahsi for improving the text